The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple measure of impairment in functioning
Open accessAbstract
Background: Patients' perspectives concerning impaired functioning provide important information. Aims: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). Method: Data from two studies were analysed. Reliability analyses included internal scale consistency, test – retest and parallel forms. Convergent and criterion validities were examined with respect to disorder severity. Results: Cronbach's α measure of internal scale consistency ranged from 0.70 to 0.94. Test – retest correlation was 0.73. Interactive voice response administrations of the WSAS gave correlations of 0.81 and 0.86 with clinician interviews. Correlations of WSAS with severity of depression and obsessive–compulsive disorder symptoms were 0.76 and 0.61, respectively. The scores were sensitive to patient differences in disorder severity and treatment-related change. Conclusions: The WSAS is a simple, reliable and valid measure of impaired functioning. It is a sensitive and useful outcome measure offering the potential for readily interpretable comparisons across studies and disorders.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In addition, a positive correlation has been found between WSAS and the grading of depressive symptoms [52]: a mean WSAS score of 25 coincides with major depression (measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), a mean score of 15.5 corresponds with mild to moderate depression, and a mean WSAS of 6.5 indicates subclinical symptoms.”
From Measuring the Effect of the Early assessment Team (MEET) for patients referred to outpatient mental health care: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [52]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For patients with obsessive compulsive disorder or depression, a WSAS total score of 20–40 is reported to indicate moderate to severe psychopathology, a score of 10–20 is associated with failure in functional level but not with severe symptoms, while scores less than 10 are not associated with clinical populations [52].”
From Measuring the Effect of the Early assessment Team (MEET) for patients referred to outpatient mental health care: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [52]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) 60 is a five-item self-report measure of impaired functioning that has been found to be reliable (Cronbach ' s α = 0.7 -0.94) and valid in typically developing individuals.”
From Guided self-help for depression in autistic adults: The ADEPT feasibility RCT (2019) · cites this paper as [60]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) is a valid and reliable self-report measure of a person's perceived functional impairment attributable to an identified problem (Mundt et al., 2002), in this case, MS.”
From Neuropsychology intervention for managing invisible symptoms of MS (NIMIS-MS) group: A pilot effectiveness and acceptability study (2024) · cites this paper as Mundt et al., 2002
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The scale has been found to have high internal reliability and sensitivity to change.”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“It has been found to be a simple, reliable and valid measure of impaired functioning that is sensitive to change (Mundt et al. 2002).”
From Brief psychological intervention for distress tolerance in an adult secondary care community mental health service: an evaluation (2020) · cites this paper as Mundt et al. 2002
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This five-item self-report measure assesses functional impairment resulting from a clinical problem from the patient perspective. Scores range from 0 to 40, with lower scores reflecting better functioning. The measure has demonstrated reliability and validity in mental health samples, including OCD [15].”
From Testing the psychometric properties of the illness perceptions questionnaire for OCD (IPQ-O) (2019) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“At the main outcome point, mean scores on each of the primary outcomes for the CBT group had reduced to either below (CSS), or very close to (WSAS) the scale thresholds for clinical significance (11, 17).”
From Cognitive–behavioural therapy for adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a proof of concept randomised controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [17]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Further, the mean score on the WSAS was n = 13.35 which also is above the clinical threshold, indicating significant impairment (Mundt, Marks, Shear, & Greist, 2002).”
From An ACT self-help intervention for adults with a visible difference in appearance: A pilot feasibility and acceptability randomized controlled study. (2023) · cites this paper as Mundt, Marks, Shear, & Greist, 2002
In the citing paper
“The Work and Social Adjustment (WSA) questionnaire [79] is a simple, reliable, and valid measure of impaired functioning.”
From Low-intensity internet-delivered treatment for generalized anxiety symptoms in routine care: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [79]
In the citing paper
“It is a five-item self-report measure that provides an experiential impact of a disorder from the patient’s point of view.”
From Low-intensity internet-delivered treatment for generalized anxiety symptoms in routine care: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [79]
In the citing paper
“The WSAS is a simple, reliable and valid measure of impaired functioning.”
In the citing paper
“with adequate psychometric properties [47]”
In the citing paper
“Although patients in both groups exhibited improvement on these scores at post-treatment and follow-up, the scores remained relatively low in comparison with those in the general healthy population [47, 71].”
In the citing paper
“quality of life was assessed using the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (Mundt et al. 2002).”
From A randomised clinical trial to evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of an early phase, online, guided augmentation of outpatient care for adults with anorexia nervosa (2020) · cites this paper as Mundt et al. 2002
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
SF-36 health survey: Manual and interpretation guide
Ware, J. (2003) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 11,424
What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications
Cortina, J. M. (1993) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.98 · Cited by 8,810
The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: II. Validity
Goodman, W. K. (1989) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110054008 · Cited by 2,799
The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: measures of internal consistency.
Kim, S.-W., Dysken, M., Pheley, A., & Hoover, K. M. (1994) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(94)90039-6 · Cited by 2,333
(1993) · PubMed · Cited by 1,900
Frisch, M. B., Cornell, J., Villanueva, M., & Retzlaff, P. J. (1992) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.92 · Cited by 1,075
Greist, J. H., Marks, I. M., Baer, L., Kobak, K. A., Wenzel, K. W., Hirsch, M. J., Mantle, J. M., & Clary, C. M. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v63n0209 · Cited by 321
Self-citationSainfort, F., Becker, M. C., & Diamond, R. (1996) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.153.4.497 · Cited by 199
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Trivedi, M. H., Rush, A. J., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A. A., Warden, D., Ritz, L., Norquist, G., Howland, R. H., Lebowitz, B., McGrath, P. J., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.28 · Cited by 3,879
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety
Lee, S. A. (2020) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481 · Cited by 1,649
Treatment of Complicated Grief: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Shear, K., Frank, E., Houck, P. R., & Reynolds, C. F. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.293.21.2601 · Cited by 1,097
Fava, M., Rush, A. J., Alpert, J. E., Balasubramani, G. K., Wisniewski, S. R., Carmin, C. N., Biggs, M. M., Zisook, S., Leuchter, A., Howland, R., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06111868 · Cited by 927
White, P., Goldsmith, K., Johnson, A., Potts, L., Walwyn, R., DeCesare, J., Baber, H., Burgess, M., Clark, L., Cox, D., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60096-2 · Cited by 897
Barlow, D. H., Farchione, T. J., Bullis, J. R., Gallagher, M. W., Murray-Latin, H., Sauer-Zavala, S., Bentley, K. H., Thompson-Hollands, J., Conklin, L. R., Boswell, J. F., et al. (2017) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.2164 · Cited by 853
Sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve depression (STAR*D): Rationale and design
Rush, A. J., Fava, M., Wisniewski, S. R., Lavori, P. W., Trivedi, M. H., Sackeim, H. A., Thase, M. E., Nierenberg, A. A., Quitkin, F. M., Kashner, T. M., et al. (2004) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/s0197-2456(03)00112-0 · Cited by 1,076
Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Farchione, T. J., Fairholme, C. P., Ellard, K. K., Boisseau, C. L., Thompson-Hollands, J., Carl, J. R., Gallagher, M. W., & Barlow, D. H. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2012.01.001 · Cited by 746
Freeman, D., Sheaves, B., Goodwin, G. M., Yu, L.-M., Nickless, A., Harrison, P. J., Emsley, R., Luik, A. I., Foster, R. G., Wadekar, V., et al. (2017) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30328-0 · Cited by 652
Personalised care planning for adults with chronic or long-term health conditions
Coulter, A., Entwistle, V. A., Eccles, A., Ryan, S., Shepperd, S., & Perera, R. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010523.pub2 · Cited by 592
Nierenberg, A. A., D, M. F. M., Trivedi, M. H., Wisniewski, S. R., Thase, M. E., McGrath, P. J., Alpert, J. E., Warden, D., Luther, J. F., Niederehe, G., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1519 · Cited by 585
Effect of Age at Onset on the Course of Major Depressive Disorder
Zisook, S., Lesser, I. M., Stewart, J. W., Wisniewski, S. R., Balasubramani, G. K., D, M. F. M., Gilmer, W. S., Dresselhaus, T. R., Thase, M. E., Nierenberg, A. A., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06101757 · Cited by 582
Coons, S. J., Gwaltney, C. J., Hays, R. D., Lundy, J. J., Sloan, J. A., Revicki, D. A., Lenderking, W. R., Cella, D. F., & Basch, E. (2008) · Value in Health · doi:10.1111/j.1524-4733.2008.00470.x · Cited by 550
Proudfoot, J., Ryden, C., Everitt, B., Shapiro, D. A., Goldberg, D., Mann, A., Tylee, A., Marks, I., & Gray, J. A. (2004) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.185.1.46 · Cited by 516
Self-citationBamelis, L. L. M., Evers, S. M. A. A., Spinhoven, P., & Arntz, A. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12040518 · Cited by 497
Realizing the Mass Public Benefit of Evidence-Based Psychological Therapies: The IAPT Program
Clark, D. M. (2018) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050817-084833 · Cited by 492
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
Goldstein, L. H., Chalder, T., Chigwedere, C., Khondoker, M. R., Moriarty, J., Toone, B., & Mellers, J. D. C. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e39658 · Cited by 499
Prigerson, H. G., Boelen, P. A., Xu, J., Smith, K. V., & Maciejewski, P. K. (2021) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20823 · Cited by 476
Sheehan, K. H., & Sheehan, D. V. (2008) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0b013e3282f2b4d6 · Cited by 483
Gender differences in depression: Findings from the STAR*D study
Marcus, S. M., Young, E. A., Kerber, K. B., Kornstein, S., Farabaugh, A. H., Mitchell, J., Wisniewski, S. R., Balasubramani, G. K., Trivedi, M. H., & Rush, A. J. (2005) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2004.09.008 · Cited by 456
The Impact of Individual Depressive Symptoms on Impairment of Psychosocial Functioning
Fried, E. I., & Nesse, R. M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090311 · Cited by 467
Barkham, M., Bewick, B., Mullin, T., Gilbody, S., Connell, J., Cahill, J., Mellor-Clark, J., Richards, D., Unsworth, G., & Evans, C. (2013) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/14733145.2012.729069 · Cited by 413
McKnight, P. E., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.01.005 · Cited by 400
Measuring fatigue in clinical and community settings
Cella, M., & Chalder, T. (2009) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.10.007 · Cited by 392
Rush, A. J., Trivedi, M. H., Stewart, J. W., Nierenberg, A. A., D, M. F. M., Kurian, B. T., Warden, D., Morris, D. W., Luther, J. F., Husain, M. M., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10111645 · Cited by 377
Karatzias, T., Shevlin, M. E., Fyvie, C., Hyland, P., Efthymiadou, E., Wilson, D., Roberts, N. P., Bisson, J. I., Brewin, C. R., & Cloître, M. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.032 · Cited by 365
Meyer, B., Berger, T., Caspar, F., Beevers, C. G., Andersson, G., & Weiss, M. (2009) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1151 · Cited by 363
D, M. F. M., Rush, A. J., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A. A., Alpert, J. E., McGrath, P. J., Thase, M. E., Warden, D., Biggs, M. M., Luther, J. F., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.7.1161 · Cited by 367
Dawel, A., Shou, Y., Smithson, M., Cherbuin, N., Banfield, M., Calear, A. L., Farrer, L. M., Gray, D., Gulliver, A., Housen, T., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579985 · Cited by 362
McGrath, P. J., Stewart, J. W., D, M. F. M., Trivedi, M. H., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A. A., Thase, M. E., Davis, L. L., Biggs, M. M., Shores‐Wilson, K., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1531 · Cited by 350
Optimizing Treatment of Complicated Grief: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Shear, M. K., Reynolds, C. F., Simon, N. M., Zisook, S., Wang, Y., Mauro, C., Duan, N., Lebowitz, B., & Skritskaya, N. (2016) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.0892 · Cited by 349
Self-citationCompulsive hoarding: OCD symptom, distinct clinical syndrome, or both?
Pertusa, A., Fullana, M. A., Singh, S., Alonso, P., Menchón, J. M., & Mataix-Cols, D. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07111730 · Cited by 347
Thase, M. E., Friedman, E. S., Biggs, M. M., Wisniewski, S. R., Trivedi, M. H., Luther, J. F., Fava, M., Nierenberg, A. A., McGrath, P. J., Warden, D., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.5.739 · Cited by 332
Lee, S. A., Mathis, A. A., Jobe, M. C., & Pappalardo, E. A. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113112 · Cited by 343
The prevalence and correlates of psychiatric comorbidity in individuals with complicated grief
Simon, N. M., Shear, K. M., Thompson, E. H., Zalta, A. K., Perlman, C., Reynolds, C. F., Frank, E., Melhem, N. M., & Silowash, R. (2007) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.05.002 · Cited by 333
Greist, J. H., Marks, I. M., Baer, L., Kobak, K. A., Wenzel, K. W., Hirsch, M. J., Mantle, J. M., & Clary, C. M. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v63n0209 · Cited by 321
Self-citationTalbot, L. S., Maguen, S., Metzler, T. J., Schmitz, M., McCaslin, S. E., Richards, A., Perlis, M. L., Posner, D. A., Weiss, B., Ruoff, L., et al. (2014) · Sleep · doi:10.5665/sleep.3408 · Cited by 294
Proudfoot, J., Clarke, J., Birch, M.-R., Whitton, A. E., Parker, G., Manicavasagar, V., Harrison, V., Christensen, H., & Hadzi-Pavlovic, D. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-312 · Cited by 264
Goldstein, L. H., Robinson, E. J., Mellers, J. D. C., Stone, J., Carson, A., Reuber, M., Medford, N., McCrone, P., Murray, J., Richardson, M. P., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30128-0 · Cited by 287
Self-Rated Global Measure of the Frequency, Intensity, and Burden of Side Effects
Wisniewski, S. R., Rush, A. J., Balasubramani, G. K., Trivedi, M. H., & Nierenberg, A. A. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/00131746-200603000-00002 · Cited by 288
Mobile mental health: Review of the emerging field and proof of concept study
Harrison, V., Proudfoot, J., Wee, P. P., Parker, G., Pavlovic, D. H., & Manicavasagar, V. (2011) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2011.608746 · Cited by 267
Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Questionnaire—Military Version
Currier, J. M., Holland, J. M., Drescher, K. D., & Foy, D. W. (2013) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.1866 · Cited by 288
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis Fatigue
van Kessel, K., Moss-Morris, R., Willoughby, E., Chalder, T., Johnson, M. H., & Robinson, E. (2008) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181643065 · Cited by 276
An attachment-based model of complicated grief including the role of avoidance
Shear, K., Monk, T., Houck, P., Melhem, N., Frank, E., Reynolds, C., & Sillowash, R. (2007) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-007-0745-z · Cited by 269
Treatment of Complicated Grief in Elderly Persons: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Shear, M. K., Wang, Y., Skritskaya, N., Duan, N., Mauro, C., & Ghesquiere, A. (2014) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.1242 · Cited by 276
Self-citationGallagher, M. W., Zvolensky, M. J., Long, L. J., Rogers, A. H., & Garey, L. (2020) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-020-10143-y · Cited by 262
Marcus, S. M., Kerber, K. B., Rush, A. J., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A., Balasubramani, G. K., Ritz, L., Kornstein, S., Young, E. A., & Trivedi, M. H. (2008) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.06.012 · Cited by 266
GABAB Receptors, Schizophrenia and Sleep Dysfunction
Kantrowitz, J., Citrome, L., & Javitt, D. (2009) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-200923080-00001 · Cited by 258
Comorbid psychiatric disorders in depressed outpatients: Demographic and clinical features
Rush, A. J., Zimmerman, M. A., Wisniewski, S. R., D, M. F. M., Hollon, S. D., Warden, D., Biggs, M. M., Shores‐Wilson, K., Shelton, R. C., Luther, J. F., et al. (2005) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2005.03.005 · Cited by 261
Kendrick, T., El-Gohary, M., Stuart, B. L., Gilbody, S. M., Churchill, R. C., Aiken, L., Bhattacharya, A., Gimson, A., Brütt, A. L., de Jong, K., et al. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011119.pub2 · Cited by 252
MARKS, I. M., KENWRIGHT, M., McDONOUGH, M., WHITTAKER, M., & MATAIX-COLS, D. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170300878x · Cited by 226
Self-citationBehavioural activation delivered by the non-specialist: phase II randomised controlled trial
Ekers, D., Richards, D., McMillan, D., Bland, J. M., & Gilbody, S. (2011) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.110.079111 · Cited by 217
Wakefield, S., Kellett, S., Simmonds‐Buckley, M., Stockton, D., Bradbury, A., & Delgadillo, J. (2021) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12259 · Cited by 222
An open trial of cognitive therapy for chronic insomnia
Harvey, A. G., Sharpley, A. L., Ree, M. J., Stinson, K., & Clark, D. M. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.04.007 · Cited by 219
How much “Thinking” about COVID-19 is clinically dysfunctional?
Lee, S. A. (2020) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.067 · Cited by 220
Harvey, A. G., Bélanger, L., Talbot, L., Eidelman, P., Beaulieu-Bonneau, S., Fortier-Brochu, É., Ivers, H., Lamy, M., Hein, K., Soehner, A. M., et al. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0036606 · Cited by 215
Long-term outcomes of obsessive–compulsive disorder: follow-up of 142 children and adolescents
Micali, N., Heyman, I., Pérez, M., Hilton, K., Nakatani, E., Turner, C. M., & Mataix‐Cols, D. (2010) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.109.075317 · Cited by 216
Grange, D. L., Lock, J., Agras, W. S., MOYE, A. W., Bryson, S. W., Jo, B., & KRAEMER, H. C. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.11.003 · Cited by 213
Combined pharmacotherapy and psychological therapies for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Hetrick, S. E., Purcell, R., Garner, B., & Parslow, R. (2010) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007316.pub2 · Cited by 212
Armstrong, L., & Rimes, K. A. (2016) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.12.005 · Cited by 207
“Scores above 10 indicate significant impairment associated with clinical symptomatology (Mundt et al., 2002).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHickie, I. B., Scott, E. M., Cross, S. P., Iorfino, F., Davenport, T. A., Guastella, A. J., Naismith, S. L., Carpenter, J. S., Rohleder, C., Crouse, J. J., et al. (2019) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja2.50383 · Cited by 208
Functional impairment in the remission phase of bipolar disorder
Fagiolini, A. M., Kupfer, D. J., Masalehdan, A., Scott, J., Houck, P. R., & Frank, E. (2005) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2005.00207.x · Cited by 206
Trial of CBT for impulse control behaviors affecting Parkinson patients and their caregivers
Okai, D., Askey-Jones, S., Samuel, M., O’Sullivan, S. S., Chaudhuri, K. R., Martin, A., Mack, J., Brown, R. G., & David, A. S. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182840678 · Cited by 202
O'Mahen, H. A., Richards, D. A., Woodford, J., Wilkinson, E., McGinley, J., Taylor, R. S., & Warren, F. C. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713002092 · Cited by 201
Failure to Detect the Novel Retrovirus XMRV in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Erlwein, O. W., Kaye, S., McClure, M. O., Weber, J. N., Wills, G. S., Collier, D. A., Wessely, S. C., & Cleare, A. J. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008519 · Cited by 202
de Graaf, L. E., Gerhards, S. A. H., Arntz, A., Riper, H., Metsemakers, J. F. M., Evers, S. M. A. A., Severens, J. L., Widdershoven, G., & Huibers, M. J. H. (2009) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054429 · Cited by 190
Forsell, E., Bendix, M., Holländare, F., Szymanska von Schultz, B., Nasiell, J., Blomdahl-Wetterholm, M., Eriksson, C., Kvarned, S., Lindau van der Linden, J., Söderberg, E., et al. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.013 · Cited by 175
“The Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS; Mundt et al., 2002) measures levels of impairment caused by a condition.”
Stratified Care vs Stepped Care for Depression: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial
Delgadillo, J., Ali, S., Fleck, K., Agnew, C., Southgate, A., Parkhouse, L., Cohen, Z. D., DeRubeis, R. J., & Barkham, M. (2022) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.3539 · Cited by 194
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire
Endicott, J., Nee, J. C. M., Harrison, W. M., & Blumenthal, R. L. (1993) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t49981-000 · Cited by 189
Pragmatic evaluation of computer-aided self-help for anxiety and depression
Marks, I. M., Mataix-Cols, D., Kenwright, M., Cameron, R., Hirsch, S., & Gega, L. (2003) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.183.1.57 · Cited by 185
Self-citationMoss-Morris, R., McAlpine, L., Didsbury, L. P., & Spence, M. J. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709990195 · Cited by 187
The COVID-19 anxiety syndrome scale: development and psychometric properties.
Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113322 · Cited by 186
Depersonalisation disorder: a cognitive–behavioural conceptualisation
Hunter, E. C. M., Phillips, M. L., Chalder, T., Sierra, M., & David, A. S. (2003) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(03)00066-4 · Cited by 185
Defining and Measuring Functional Recovery from Depression
Greer, T. L., Kurian, B. T., & Trivedi, M. H. (2010) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/11530230-000000000-00000 · Cited by 222
Sex differences in response to citalopram: A STAR∗D report
Young, E. A., Kornstein, S. G., Marcus, S. M., Harvey, A. T., Warden, D., Wisniewski, S. R., Balasubramani, G. K., D, M. F. M., Trivedi, M. H., & Rush, A. J. (2008) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.07.002 · Cited by 189
Mental health characteristics associated with dysfunctional coronavirus anxiety
Lee, S. A., Jobe, M. C., & Mathis, A. A. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329172000121x · Cited by 191
Restoring function in major depressive disorder: A systematic review
Sheehan, D. V., Nakagome, K., Asami, Y., Pappadopulos, E. A., & Boucher, M. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.02.029 · Cited by 182
Andriessen, K., Krysinska, K., Hill, N. T. M., Reifels, L., Robinson, J., Reavley, N., & Pirkis, J. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2020-z · Cited by 172
Factors associated with chronic depressive episodes: a preliminary report from the STAR‐D project
Gilmer, W. S., Trivedi, M. H., Rush, A. J., Wisniewski, S. R., Luther, J. F., Howland, R. H., Yohanna, D., Khan, A., & Alpert, J. E. (2005) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00633.x · Cited by 187
Selecting Among Second-Step Antidepressant Medication Monotherapies
Rush, A. J., Wisniewski, S. R., Warden, D., Luther, J. F., Davis, L. L., D, M. F. M., Nierenberg, A. A., & Trivedi, M. H. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.8.870 · Cited by 178
Phillips, E. A., Gordeev, V. S., & Schreyögg, J. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.3839 · Cited by 148
Goodwin, G. M., Aaronson, S. T., Alvarez, O., Atli, M., Bennett, J. C., Croal, M., DeBattista, C., Dunlop, B. W., Feifel, D., Hellerstein, D. J., et al. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.108 · Cited by 191
Outcome measurement in functional neurological disorder: a systematic review and recommendations
Pick, S., Anderson, D. G., Asadi‐Pooya, A. A., Aybek, S., Baslet, G. C., Bloem, B. R., Bradley‐Westguard, A., Brown, R. J., Carson, A. J., Chalder, T., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2019-322180 · Cited by 192
Anxiety After Stroke: The Importance of Subtyping
Chun, H.-Y. Y., Whiteley, W. N., Dennis, M. S., Mead, G. E., & Carson, A. J. (2018) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.117.020078 · Cited by 172
Skerrett, T., & Moss-Morris, R. (2006) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.04.018 · Cited by 186
Duration of untreated depression influences clinical outcomes and disability
Ghio, L., Gotelli, S., Cervetti, A., Respino, M., Natta, W. M., Marcenaro, M., Serafini, G., Vaggi, M., Amore, M., & Murri, M. B. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.014 · Cited by 174
A Systematic Review of Instruments Assessing Participation: Challenges in Defining Participation
Eyssen, I. C. J. M., Steultjens, M. P. M., Dekker, J., & Terwee, C. B. (2011) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.01.006 · Cited by 182
Health-Related Quality of Life in Depression: A Star*D Report
Daly, E., Trivedi, M. H., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A. A., Gaynes, B. N., Warden, D., Morris, D. W., Luther, J. F., Farabaugh, A. H., Cook, I. A., et al. (2010) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/104012371002200107 · Cited by 168
Alexander, S. B., Minton, O., Andrews, P. L. R., & Stone, P. C. (2008) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2008.09.010 · Cited by 167
Spain, D., Sin, J., Chalder, T., Murphy, D., & Happé, F. (2015) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2014.10.019 · Cited by 167
Wallace, M. L., Frank, E., & KRAEMER, H. C. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1960 · Cited by 166
Stressful life events and material deprivation in hoarding disorder
Landau, D., Iervolino, A. C., Pertusa, A., Santo, S., Singh, S., & Mataix-Cols, D. (2011) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.09.002 · Cited by 167
Richards, D., Enrique, A., Eilert, N., Franklin, M., Palacios, J., Duffy, D., Earley, C., Chapman, J., Jell, G., Sollesse, S., et al. (2020) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-020-0293-8 · Cited by 154
Depression and anxiety in patients with hepatitis C: prevalence, detection rates and risk factors
Golden, J., O'Dwyer, A. M., & Conroy, R. M. (2005) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2005.06.006 · Cited by 211
Grote, N. K., Katon, W. J., Russo, J. E., Lohr, M. J., Curran, M. C., Galvin, E., & Carson, K. (2015) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22405 · Cited by 163
Russell, A. J., Jassi, A., Fullana, M. A., Mack, H., Johnston, K., Heyman, I., Murphy, D. G., & Mataix-Cols, D. (2013) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22053 · Cited by 160
Insomnia in Patients With Depression: A STAR*D Report
Sunderajan, P., Gaynes, B. N., Wisniewski, S. R., Miyahara, S., D, M. F. M., Akingbala, F., DeVeaugh-Geiss, J., Rush, A. J., & Trivedi, M. H. (2010) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900029266 · Cited by 157
Jensen, J. H., Knorr, U. B., Vinberg, M., Kessing, L. V., & Miskowiak, K. W. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.018 · Cited by 163
A Single-Blinded Case-Control Study of Memantine in Severe Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Stewart, S. E., Jenike, E. A., Hezel, D. M., Stack, D. E., Dodman, N. H., Shuster, L., & Jenike, M. A. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e3181c856de · Cited by 158
The symptom and function dimensions of the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale
Pedersen, G., & Karterud, S. (2011) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.04.007 · Cited by 156
Metadata
- Authors
- Mundt, J. C., Marks, I. M., Shear, M. K., & Greist, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Healthcare Technology Systems (US)
- King's College London (GB)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mundt, James C.
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 180
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 461-464
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2096230543
- Semantic Scholar
- bdec1e745f421277c7d27e7bcb707e04a523f9ed
- Cited by
- 2,515
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 188 · 2025: 201 · 2024: 221 · 2023: 234 · 2022: 204 · 2021: 227 · 2020: 160 · 2019: 134 · 2018: 112 · 2017: 116 · 2016: 106 · 2015: 93 · 2014: 88 · 2013: 89 · 2012: 61
- FWCI
- 16.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- Work and Social Adjustment Scale, impaired functioning, social adaptation, work functioning, psychometric validation, reliability statistics, validity, depression severity, obsessive-compulsive disorder, patient-reported outcomes, treatment outcome assessment
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Social Adjustment, Reproducibility of Results, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
