The COVID-19 anxiety syndrome scale: development and psychometric properties.
Open accessAbstract
The central aim of our study was to widen the mental health response to the COVID-19 pandemic by developing and evaluating a measure that could be used to identify the presence of anxiety syndrome features associated with COVID-19. In Study 1, a community sample of 292 participants completed the newly developed COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) and results were subjected to a Principal Components Analysis. An 11-item two-factor structure was identified. In Study 2, a community sample of 426 participants completed a battery of questionnaires including the C-19ASS. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed on the C-19ASS. A 9-item two-factor structure was confirmed. Results also indicated that the C-19ASS has acceptable levels of reliability and concurrent validity. The C-19ASS perseveration factor was found to explain an additional 9.3% variance in COVID-19 anxiety, and additional 2.2% variance in work and social adjustment (functional impairment), over and above all other variables. The C-19ASS appears to be a reliable and valid measure of the COVID-19 anxiety syndrome. The implications of these findings are discussed.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Recent studies suggest that neuroticism is a vulnerability factor and extraversion and conscientiousness are protective factors that can predict mental health status during the first lockdown stage.
“some recent studies have explored the role of personality traits during the first lockdown stage, suggesting that vulnerable factors (neuroticism) and protective factors (extraversion and conscientiousness) can predict mental health status [e.g., (14, 15)]”
From The Evolution of Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Self-Isolation During Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study Across United Kingdom and Italy (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931 · see citing works
<b>lavaan</b> : An <i>R</i> Package for Structural Equation Modeling
Rosseel, Y. (2012) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v048.i02 · Cited by 27,955 · see citing works
Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A New Source of Inexpensive, Yet High-Quality, Data?
Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T., & Gosling, S. D. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691610393980 · Cited by 9,996 · see citing works
Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729 · Cited by 9,923 · see citing works
Structural Equation Modeling With AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming, Third Edition
Byrne, B. M. (2016) · doi:10.4324/9781315757421 · Cited by 4,653 · see citing works
The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation
Ahorsu, D. K., Lin, C.-Y., Imani, V., Saffari, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Pakpour, A. H. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8 · Cited by 4,332 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (Ahorsu et al., 2020) was one the first measures to tap into fear specific to COVID-19.”
Qiu, J., Shen, B., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Xie, B., & Xu, Y. (2020) · General Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213 · Cited by 4,307 · see citing works
Rammstedt, B., & John, O. P. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001 · Cited by 4,244 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The BFI-10 has demonstrated good reliability and validity across many sample groups (Rammstedt and John, 2007).”
The reliability of a two-item scale: Pearson, Cronbach, or spearman-brown?
Eisinga, R., Grotenhuis, M. T., & Pelzer, B. (2013) · International Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s00038-012-0416-3 · Cited by 2,695 · see citing works
The Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple measure of impairment in functioning
Mundt, J. C., Marks, I. M., Shear, M. K., & Greist, J. M. (2002) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.180.5.461 · Cited by 2,515 · see citing works
Hayes, S. C. (2004) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(04)80013-3 · Cited by 2,493 · see citing works
Henson, R. K., & Roberts, J. K. (2006) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164405282485 · Cited by 2,454 · see citing works
Inside the Turk: Understanding Mechanical Turk as a Participant Pool
Paolacci, G., & Chandler, J. (2014) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721414531598 · Cited by 2,136 · see citing works
Wu, P., Fang, Y., Guan, Z., Fan, B., Kong, J., Yao, Z., Liu, X., Fuller, C. J., Susser, E., Lü, J., et al. (2009) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370905400504 · Cited by 1,651 · see citing works
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety
Lee, S. A. (2020) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481 · Cited by 1,649 · see citing works
Reputation as a sufficient condition for data quality on Amazon Mechanical Turk
Peer, E., Vosgerau, J., & Acquisti, A. (2014) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-013-0434-y · Cited by 1,618 · see citing works
Fear of the coronavirus (COVID-19): Predictors in an online study conducted in March 2020
Mertens, G., Gerritsen, L., Duijndam, S., Salemink, E., & Engelhard, I. M. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102258 · Cited by 1,264 · see citing works
Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales
Taylor, S., Landry, C. A., Paluszek, M. M., Fergus, T. A., McKay, D., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232 · Cited by 1,169 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The clinical benefits of being able to identify the COVID-19 anxiety syndrome (avoidance, worry, checking and threat monitoring) may be of use during the current health crisis (Asmundson and Taylor, 2020).”
(2002) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1046/m.1365-2850.2002.00006.x · Cited by 1,143 · see citing works
Rubin, G. J., Amlot, R., Page, L., & Wessely, S. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2651 · Cited by 1,106 · see citing works
Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak
Asmundson, G. J. G., & Taylor, S. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102196 · Cited by 1,103 · see citing works
Conducting Clinical Research Using Crowdsourced Convenience Samples
Chandler, J., & Shapiro, D. (2016) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093623 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Short and extra-short forms of the Big Five Inventory–2: The BFI-2-S and BFI-2-XS
Soto, C. J., & John, O. P. (2017) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2017.02.004 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
The Nature, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Neuroticism: Back to the Future
Barlow, D. H., Sauer-Zavala, S., Carl, J. R., Bullis, J. R., & Ellard, K. K. (2014) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702613505532 · Cited by 850 · see citing works
Hayes, S. C. (2016) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2016.11.006 · Cited by 785 · see citing works
Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital
Chong, M.-Y., Wang, W.-C., Hsieh, W.-C., Lee, C.-Y., Chiu, N.-M., Yeh, W.-C., Huang, T.-L., Wen, J.-K., & Chen, C.-L. (2004) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.185.2.127 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
Jungmann, S. M., & Witthöft, M. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102239 · Cited by 635 · see citing works
Psychological Predictors of Anxiety in Response to the H1N1 (Swine Flu) Pandemic
Wheaton, M. G., Abramowitz, J. S., Berman, N. C., Fabricant, L. E., & Olatunji, B. O. (2012) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9353-3 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Lee, S. A., Jobe, M. C., Mathis, A. A., & Gibbons, J. A. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102268 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Yip, P. S. F., Cheung, Y. T., Chau, P. H., & Law, Y. W. (2010) · Crisis · doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000015 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
CHENG, S. K. W., WONG, C. W., TSANG, J., & WONG, K. C. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291704002272 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Lee, S. A., Mathis, A. A., Jobe, M. C., & Pappalardo, E. A. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113112 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Conway, L. G., Woodard, S. R., & Zubrod, A. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/z2x9a · Cited by 272 · see citing works
How much “Thinking” about COVID-19 is clinically dysfunctional?
Lee, S. A. (2020) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.067 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 36 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Wells A. Emotional disorders and metacognition: innovative cognitive therapy 2000 Wiley Chichester, UK
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Nikčević, A. V., Marino, C., Kolubinski, D. C., Leach, D., & Spada, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.053 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Gender and COVID-19 related fear and anxiety: A meta-analysis
Metin, A., Erbiçer, E. S., Şen, S., & Cetinkaya, A. B. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.036 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Impact of COVID-19-Related Fear and Anxiety on Job Attributes
Rajabimajd, N., Alimoradi, Z., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021) · Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior · doi:10.4103/shb.shb_24_21 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Khosravani, V., Asmundson, G. J. G., Taylor, S. J., Bastan, F. S., & Ardestani, S. M. S. (2020) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100615 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Social factors and worry associated with COVID-19: Evidence from a large survey in China
Zhou, M., & Guo, W. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113934 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Depression and stress regarding future career among university students during COVID-19 pandemic
Chowdhury, U., Suvro, M. A. H., Farhan, S. M. D., & Uddin, M. J. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0266686 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Akbari, M., Spada, M. M., Nikčević, A. V., & Zamani, E. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2628 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Albery, I. P., Spada, M. M., & Nikčević, A. V. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2639 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Chung, S., Ahn, M. H., Lee, S., Kang, S., Suh, S. A., & Shin, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669606 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Keller, F. M., Derksen, C., Kötting, L., Dahmen, A., & Lippke, S. (2023) · Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12352 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
COVID-19 Impact on the Quality of Life of Teachers: A Cross-sectional Study
Rabacal, J., Oducado, R. M., & Tamdang, K. A. (2020) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.17613/g01x2-raa93 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Intolerance of uncertainty and reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic
Bavoľár, J., Kačmár, P., Hricová, M., Schrötter, J., Holevová, B. K., Köverová, M., & Ráczová, B. (2021) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.2021.1922346 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Gori, A., Topino, E., Palazzeschi, L., & Fabio, A. D. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251984 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Oducado, R. M., Parreño-Lachica, G. M., & Rabacal, J. (2021) · IJERI International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation · doi:10.46661/ijeri.5484 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bottesi, G., Marino, C., Vieno, A., Ghisi, M., & Spada, M. M. (2021) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2021.1952584 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Mansueto, G., Palmieri, S., Marino, C., Caselli, G., Sassaroli, S., Ruggiero, G. M., Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M. (2022) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2767 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sreen, N., Tandon, A., Jabeen, F., Srivastava, S., & Dhir, A. (2023) · Tourism Management Perspectives · doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101095 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Padovan‐Neto, F. E., Lee, S. A., Guimarães, R. P., Godoy, L. D., Costa, H. B., Zerbini, F. L. S., & Fukusima, S. S. (2021) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.1177/0030222821991325 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
A systematic review of questionnaires assessing the psychological impact of COVID-19
Voitsidis, P., Kerasidou, M. D., Nikopoulou, V. A., Tsalikidis, P., Parlapani, E., Holeva, V., & Diakogiannis, I. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114183 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Kira, I. A., Shuwiekh, H. A. M., Ashby, J. S., Rice, K. G., & Alhuwailah, A. (2021) · Journal of Loss and Trauma · doi:10.1080/15325024.2021.1920270 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Faustino, B., Vasco, A. B., Delgado, J., Farinha‐Fernandes, A., & Guerreiro, J. C. (2022) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2706 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Problematising density: COVID-19, the crowd, and urban life
Joiner, A., McFarlane, C., Rella, L., & Uriarte-Ruiz, M. (2022) · Social & Cultural Geography · doi:10.1080/14649365.2022.2143879 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Zamani, E., Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2686 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Caycho‐Rodríguez, T., Valencia, P. D., Vilca, L. W., Carbajal‐León, C., Vivanco-Vidal, A., Saroli-Araníbar, D., Reyes-Bossio, M. A., White, M., Rojas-Jara, C., Polanco-Carrasco, R., et al. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02563-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Raman, S., Hyland, P., & Coogan, A. N. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114533 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Alhakami, A., Salem, V., AlAteeq, D. A., Nikčević, A. V., Marci, T., Palmieri, S., Spada, M. M., & Mansueto, G. (2023) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2860 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Ahn, J., Lee, J., Hong, Y., Park, J., & Chung, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.705805 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Vismara, L., Lucarelli, L., & Sechi, C. (2022) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00767-y · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Xin, L., Wang, L., Xuan, C., Tian, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, K., Zheng, K., Zhao, M., Feng, C., Wang, X., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.971115 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Nia, H. S., She, L., Kaur, H., Boyle, C., Fomani, F. K., Hoseinzadeh, E., Kohestani, D., & Rahmatpour, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.851212 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Grande, R. A. N., Berdida, D. J. E., Paulino, R. R. J. C., Anies, E. A., Ebol, R. R. T., & Molina, R. R. (2021) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12675 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Kamkin, V., Kamarova, A., Shalabayev, B., Kussainov, A., Anuarbekov, M., & Кайкенович, А. С. (2022) · International Journal of Biomaterials · doi:10.1155/2022/5943649 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Development and validation of COVID-19 Impact Scale
Min, H., Kim, J., Moon, K., Lee, S., Kim, J.-Y., & Ko, Y.-G. (2022) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00793-w · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Lee, S., Lee, J., Yoo, S., Suh, S. A., Chung, S., & Lee, S. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.746244 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Vally, Z., & Alowais, A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260355 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Distaso, W., Malik, M., Semere, S., Alhakami, A., Alexander, E. C., Hirani, D., Shah, R. J., Suba, K., McKechnie, V., Nikčević, A. V., et al. (2022) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14911 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Yan, K., Yusufi, M. H., & Nazari, N. (2022) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i24.8599 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Babaeifard, M., Firoozabadi, M. A., Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M. (2023) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2861 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Emotional and Behavioral Responses to COVID-19
Bacon, A. M., Krupıć, D., Çakı, N., & Corr, P. J. (2021) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000461 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Jannini, T. B., Rossi, R., Socci, V., Reda, F., Pacitti, F., & Lorenzo, G. D. (2022) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2813 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
King, J. D., McQuaid, A., Leeson, V. C., Samuel, O., Grant, J., Azeem, M. S. I., Barnicot, K., & Crawford, M. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04595-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Relationship between depression, anxiety, stress, and SARS-CoV-2 infection: a longitudinal study
Ausserhofer, D., Mahlknecht, A., Engl, A., Piccoliori, G., Pfitscher, G., Silbernagl, P., Giacomoni, F., Pycha, R., Lombardo, S., Gärtner, T., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1116566 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Larasatie, P., Fitriastuti, T., Yovi, E. Y., Purnomo, H., & Nurrochmat, D. R. (2022) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f13020356 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Zvolensky, M. J., Bakhshaie, J., Redmond, B. Y., Smit, T., Nikčević, A. V., Spada, M. M., & Distaso, W. (2024) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2988 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Parental hesitancy toward children vaccination: a multi-country psychometric and predictive study
Nia, H. S., She, L., Allen, K., Marôco, J. P., Kaur, H., Arslan, G., Görgülü, Ö., Osborne, J. W., Rahmatpour, P., & Fomani, F. K. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18806-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Thibault, T., Thompson, K., Keough, M. T., Krank, M. D., Conrod, P., Moore, M., & Stewart, S. H. (2022) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3175 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
COVID-19: ramifications of the pandemic on mental health and substance abuse
Munipalli, B., Al‐Soleiti, M., Morris, A. M., & Rummans, T. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1401734 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Adapting and validating the coronavirus-19 phobia scale (C19P-S) in Korea
Bilgic-Erdem, S., Балоглу, М., & Tokalilar, S. (2021) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2021.1924897 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Asl, E. M., Boostani, H., Behrouzian, F., & Rostami, H. (2021) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1580_20 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Ransing, R. S., Dashi, E., Rehman, S., Mehta, V. S., Chepure, A. H., Kılıç, Ö., Hayatudeen, N., Orsolini, L., Vahdani, B., Adiukwu, F. N., et al. (2021) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1039856221992645 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Saez-Flores, E., Otto, A. K., Prinsloo, S., Natori, A., Wagner, R. W., Gomez, T. I., Ochoa, J. M., Tworoger, S. S., Ulrich, C. M., Hathaway, C. A., et al. (2023) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-023-03456-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Krishna, A., Rodrigues, J., Mitschke, V., & Eder, A. B. (2021) · Cognitive Research Principles and Implications · doi:10.1186/s41235-021-00344-8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Zeng, W., Ma, S., Xu, Y., & Wang, R. (2024) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12521 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Mansueto, G., Ruggiero, G. M., & Palmieri, S. (2024) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-024-00556-z · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Coscioni, V., da Silva-Ferraz, B. F. P., Siegmund, G., Costa, L. L. A., & Chang, K. (2022) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/josi.12501 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Risk factors for heightened COVID‐19‐Related anxiety among breast cancer patients
Shah, Y., Kjelstrom, S., Martinez, D., Leitenberger, A., Manasseh, D., Bollmann‐Jenkins, M., Partridge, A. H., Kaklamani, V., Chlebowski, R. T., Larson, S. L., et al. (2022) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.5184 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Personal Resilience and its Influence on COVID-19 Stress, Anxiety and Fear among Graduate StudentsPreprint
Oducado, R. M., Parreño-Lachica, G. M., & Rabacal, J. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3774615 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zaninotto, F., Bossi, F., Terry, P., Riccaboni, M., & Galli, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.826277 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Cases reported by Nikčević and Spada (15) support the hypothesis that certain Big Five personality traits might be related to generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms during the first stage of lockdown.”
BackgroundInfluentialSevere COVID anxiety among adults in the United Kingdom: cohort study and nested feasibility trial
Crawford, M., King, J. D., McQuaid, A., Bassett, P., Leeson, V. C., Tella, O., Simplicio, M. C. D., Tyrer, P. J., Tyrer, H., Watt, R. G., et al. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-05446-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Alnaddaf, A., & Балоглу, М. (2021) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.22642 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Aydın, O., Balıkçı, K., Arslan, Y., Ünal‐Aydın, P., Müezzin, E. E., & Spada, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-021-00429-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Palmieri, S., Mansueto, G., Marchant, A. P., Sassaroli, S., Caselli, G., Ruggiero, G. M., & Spada, M. M. (2023) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2839 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Crawford, M., Leeson, V. C., McQuaid, A., Samuel, O., King, J. D., Simplicio, M. C. D., Tyrer, P. J., Tyrer, H., Watt, R. G., & Barnicot, K. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059321 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Trait Versus State Predictors of Emotional Distress Symptoms
Nordahl, H., Ebrahimi, O. V., Hoffart, A., & Johnson, S. U. (2022) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001557 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Nastiti, R., & Rusvitawati, D. (2021) · INOBIS Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Indonesia · doi:10.31842/jurnalinobis.v4i2.184 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Liu, S., Ng, J. K. Y., Moon, E. H., Morgan, D., Woodhouse, N., Agrawal, D., Chan, L. L., & Chhabra, R. (2022) · Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology · doi:10.1177/25158414211070881 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hoseinzadeh, E., Ebadi, A., Nia, H. S., Froelicher, E. S., & Rahmatpour, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.845015 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Development of the “COVID-19 psychological impact Scale”: A validity and reliability study
Akan, Y. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-02760-5 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ahmed, O., Hossain, K. N., Hiramoni, F. A., Siddique, R. F., & Chung, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.804162 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Salsabiela, A. S., & Putra, W. K. Y. (2022) · Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.7454/ijphn.v2i2.5790 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Das, D., Pal, S., & Jena, L. K. (2023) · Management and Labour Studies · doi:10.1177/0258042x231167987 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Adaptation of COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) Measurement Tool in Indonesian Language
Muthi'ah, A. G., Yanuar, A., Amanta, A. G., Debora, A., Putriandina, S., Halim, M. S., & Riyanti, B. P. D. (2022) · Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research/Advances in social science, education and humanities research · doi:10.2991/assehr.k.220404.266 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ferber, S. G., Shoval, G., Zalsman, G., & Weller, A. (2022) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v12.i8.1004 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Dampak Covid-19 pada Kesehatan Mental: Kajian Literature Review Menggunakan Nvivo Plus 12
Sulistyorini, A., Kusumawaty, I., Yunike, Y., & Gani, A. (2022) · JSHP ( Jurnal Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan) · doi:10.32487/jshp.v6i2.1521 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Morstead, T., Rashidi, R., Zheng, J., Sin, N. L., & DeLongis, A. (2024) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2024.112708 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Living with Uncertainty in Times of Pandemic: The View of Working Students in Higher Education
Dias, D. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.99793 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Dymecka, J., Tarczyński, R., & Gerymski, R. (2022) · Health Psychology Report · doi:10.5114/hpr/115820 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Validity and reliability of the COVID‐19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale in Canadian dentists
Seth, R., Madathil, S. A., Siqueira, W. L., McNally, M., Quiñonez, C., Glogauer, M., & Allison, P. J. (2023) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2877 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Hirsch, O., & Rinner, C. (2023) · doi:10.32920/24595017.v1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Junger, N., & Hirsch, O. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.57960 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Kamilçelebi, H. (2022) · Journal of Economic Policy Researches / İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi · doi:10.26650/jepr1063845 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Roldán, C. P. N., Mateus-Gómez, S., & Soto, H. A. A. (2023) · psicogente · doi:10.17081/psico.26.49.5839 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Salivary Cortisol and Anxiety in Canadian Dentists over 1 Year of COVID-19
Kolbe, R., Madathil, S. A., Marin, L. M., Seth, R. K., faraj, N., Allison, P. J., Quiñonez, C., Glogauer, M., Siqueira, W. L., & Siqueira, M. F. (2023) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/00220345231178726 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS)
Lee, S. A., Close, S., Eads, D., & Pappalardo, E. A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-89738-3_10-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Sotelo, K. V., Cárdenas, F. P., González, B. Z., Orozco, C. M. V., Rodríguez, I. H., & Pérez, C. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.984374 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
What Are You Anxious About? Examining Subjects of Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Chen, L. L., Wilson, S. R., Lohmann, S., & Negraia, D. V. (2023) · Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media · doi:10.1609/icwsm.v17i1.22133 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Busili, A., Makrami, A., Keni, A., Khardily, A., Alzahrani, D., Busaily, I., & Busayli, F. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1200052 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Psychological Predictors of COVID-19-Related Anxiety in Vulnerable Groups
Bakalova, D., Nacheva, I., & Panchelieva, T. (2023) · European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education · doi:10.3390/ejihpe13090132 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Characterising subgroups of people with severe COVID anxiety by latent profile analysis
King, J. D., McQuaid, A., Leeson, V. C., Tella, O., & Crawford, M. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.033 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bagarić, B., & Jokić‐Begić, N. (2022) · Clinical Psychology in Europe · doi:10.32872/cpe.6137 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Yazıcı, H., Altun, F., Tosun, C., Özdemir, M., & Karsantık, Y. (2021) · Psycho-Educational Research Reviews · doi:10.52963/perr_biruni_v10.n3.30 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Distaso, W., Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.01.30.22270127 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Coelho, G. L. D. H., Monteiro, R. P., de Queiroz, K. K. R., Dianni, N. V. R., Nakamura, P. M., & Diniz, T. N. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/gsc43 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sandlund, J., Duriseti, R. S., Ladhani, S. N., Stuart, K., Noble, J., & Høeg, T. B. (2024) · Paediatric Respiratory Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2024.08.003 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flora, K., Georgiadou, T., Megari, K., Grigoropoulos, I., & Chasiotis, V. (2021) · Journal of Ideas in Health · doi:10.47108/jidhealth.vol4.issspecial3.157 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Długosz, P. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1102728 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Vargová, L., Kačmár, P., Lačný, M., & Baník, G. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04277-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Experiencias de los adolescentes frente al confinamiento y la pandemia de la COVID-19
Sánchez-Xicoténcatl, C. O., Labrandero, M. C., Meza, E. M. E., Gómez, D. S., Solís, A. L. T. R., & Ojeda, E. A. (2022) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · doi:10.5944/rppc.30938 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Rachor, G. S., Paluszek, M. M., Taylor, S., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-89738-3_9-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Lyu, D., Jia, F., & Gai, X. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-84057-0 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M.
- Affiliations
- Kingston University London (GB)
- London South Bank University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Spada, Marcantonio M.
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-10
- Volume
- 292
- Pages
- 113322
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7375349
- OpenAlex
- W3045317058
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 14.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Repository (Kingston University London) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Open (London South Bank University) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- anxiety assessment, scale development, psychometric properties, perseveration, functional disability, work and social adjustment, COVID-19 pandemic mental health, two-factor structure
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Viral, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Syndrome, Reproducibility of Results, Coronavirus Infections, Young Adult, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
