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Predictors of employment for people with severe mental illness: results of an international six-centre randomised controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Background: An international six-centre randomised controlled trial comparing individual placement and support (IPS) with usual vocational rehabilitation for people with serious mental illness found IPS to be more effective for all vocational outcomes. Aims: To determine which patients with severe mental illness do well in vocational services and which process and service factors are associated with better outcomes. Method: Patient characteristics and early process variables were tested as predictors of employment outcomes. Service characteristics were explored as predictors of the effectiveness of IPS. Results: Patients with previous work history, fewer met social needs and better relationships with their vocational workers were more likely to obtain employment and work for longer. Remission and swifter service uptake were associated with working more. Having an IPS service closer to the original IPS model was the only service characteristic associated with greater effectiveness. Conclusions: The IPS service was found to be more effective for all vocational outcomes. In addition, maintaining high IPS fidelity and targeting relational skills would be a valuable focus for all vocational interventions, leading to improved employment outcomes. Motivation to find work may be decreased by satisfaction with current life circumstances.
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“A history of employment is recognised as predicting success [35, 77].”
From An enhanced individual placement and support (iPS) intervention based on the model of human occupation (MOHO); a prospective cohort study (2020) · cites this paper as [35]
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“The extent of job retention with IPS is unclear however, with some studies indicating that rapid entry into employment predicts shorter job tenure (Catty et al., 2008) or has negative job endings (Drake & Bond, 2008), while others suggest that over half of those enrolled in IPS become steady workers over a ten-year fo…”
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Drake, R. E., Bond, G. R., & Essock, S. M. (2009) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp041 · Cited by 124
Self-citationSupported employment: cost‐effectiveness across six European sites
Knapp, M. R. J., Patel, A. K., Curran, C., Latimer, E. A., Catty, J., Becker, T. M., Drake, R. E., Fioritti, A., Kilian, R., Lauber, C., et al. (2013) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20017 · Cited by 114
“Further details are given elsewhere (6,12).”
Self-citationfor the EQOLISE Group, Koletsi, M., Niersman, A., van Busschbach, J. T., Catty, J., Becker, T. M., Burns, T., Fioritti, A., Kalkan, R., Lauber, C., et al. (2009) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-009-0017-5 · Cited by 102
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“Moreover, the regression was conducted while covarying for known predictors of employment (BurkeMiller et al., 2006; Catty et al., 2008).”
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Howard, L. M., Heslin, M., Leese, M., McCrone, P., Rice, C. D., Jarrett, M., Spokes, T., Huxley, P. J., & Thornicroft, G. (2010) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.061465 · Cited by 100
Lessons learned in developing community mental health care in Europe
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“Burns et al (41,42) Catty et al (43) Vocational rehabilitation services (supported employment) compared to other high-quality vocational services UK, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Netherlands, Bulgaria; 312 Competitive employment obtained more often, jobs kept longer and more hours worked More unwell people helped into…”
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“The scale has also been used in Sweden (22), and the older version of the scale was used in a European six-center trial supporting the predictive validity in a European context (23).”
MethodWork accommodations and natural supports for maintaining employment.
Corbière, M., Villotti, P., Lecomte, T., Bond, G. R., LESAGE, A. D., & Goldner, E. M. (2014) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/prj0000033 · Cited by 102
“…that partially explain these less than optimal work outcomes such as older age (Wewiorski & Fabian, 2004), severity of psychiatric symptoms (Catty et al., 2008; Cook & Razzano, 2000; McGurk, Mueser, & Pascaris, 2005), having an external locus of control (Lanctôt, BergeronBrossard,…”
BackgroundA randomised controlled trial of the efficacy of supported employment
Hoffmann, H., Jäckel, D., Glauser, S., & Kupper, Z. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01780.x · Cited by 86
Campbell, K., Bond, G. R., Drake, R. E., McHugo, G. J., & Xie, H. (2010) · Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181ea1e53 · Cited by 85
“Relatively consistent in the literature are findings that work history predicts vocational success (Catty et al., 2008; Cook et al., 2008; Tsang et al., 2000) and negative symptoms and some aspects of neurocognition are related to job tenure outcomes (Christensen, 2007; Green, 1996; Green et al.,…”
BackgroundSelf-citationWho benefits from individual placement and support? A meta-analysis
de Winter, L., Couwenbergh, C., van Weeghel, J., Sanches, S. A., Michon, H. W. C., & Bond, G. R. (2022) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796022000300 · Cited by 88
Bond, G. R., Al-Abdulmunem, M., Marbacher, J., Christensen, T. N., Sveinsdottir, V., & Drake, R. E. (2023) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-022-01228-9 · Cited by 79
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“Evidence from RCTs and meta reviews show that clinical variables have little impact on vocational outcomes (Bond et al., 2001; Bond & Drake, 2008; Campbell, Bond, & Drake, 2009; Catty et al., 2008; Tsang, Lam, Ng, & Leung, 2000).”
BackgroundThe California schedule of key ingredients for contact-based antistigma programs.
Corrigan, P. W., Vega, E., Larson, J. E., Michaels, P. J., McClintock, G., Krzyżanowski, R., Gause, M., & Buchholz, B. A. (2013) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/prj0000006 · Cited by 72
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“the quality of the client-provider relationship and social functioning (Beauford et al., 1997; Calsyn et al., 2004; Catty et al., 2008; Frank & Gunderson, 1990; Gehrs & Goering, 1994; Goering et al., 1997; Hopkins & Ramsundar, 2006; Neale & Rosenheck, 1995).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSupport and process in individual placement and support: A multiple case study
Lexén, A., Hofgren, C., & Bejerholm, U. (2013) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-2012-1360 · Cited by 69
“In fact, one of the few determining factors in predicting employment success has been shown to be having previous work experience [35].”
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“2008), and in European countries the average rate is 55% (Burns et al. 2007; Catty et al. 2008).”
BackgroundEmployment Specialist Competencies for Supported Employment Programs
Corbière, M., Brouwers, E. P. M., Lanctôt, N., & van Weeghel, J. (2013) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-013-9482-5 · Cited by 65
“To our knowledge, only a few recent publications [15, 19, 20, 45, 46] have stressed the importance of evaluating process variables, e.”
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Empowerment in supported employment research and practice: Is it relevant?
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“In addition to vocational outcomes, personal characteristics and process variables have been assessed to better understand the effects of SE (Burns et al., 2009; Catty et al., 2008; Drake et al., 1996).”
BackgroundFirst person accounts of long-term employment activity among people with dual diagnosis.
Strickler, D. C., Whitley, R., Becker, D. R., & Drake, R. E. (2009) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.2975/32.4.2009.261.268 · Cited by 57
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“The indicators that repeatedly appear to be predictors of work outcomes are a recent employment history (within the last 5 years), motivation and self-efficacy (Bond et al., 2001a; Catty et al., 2008; MacDonald-Wilson, 2001).”
BackgroundAn Integrative Review of the Barriers to Job Acquisition for People With Severe Mental Illnesses
Charette-Dussault, É., & Corbière, M. (2019) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001013 · Cited by 54
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“Catty et al. (2008), analysed predictive factors for gaining employment across the six European centres involved in the Burns et al. (2007) trial.”
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“A large number of factors might explain the unemployed status and dif fi culties in job retention experienced by people with severe mental illness [17,18], but according to Schultz and Rogers [19], the biggest barrier remains their limited access to a supportive and non-discriminatory workplace.”
Experiences of the individual placement and support approach in persons with severe mental illness
Areberg, C., Björkman, T., & Bejerholm, U. (2012) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2012.01056.x · Cited by 50
Noyes, S., Sokolow, H., & Arbesman, M. (2018) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2018.033068 · Cited by 50
Individual placement and support illustrated in the Swedish welfare system: A case study
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Symptomatic remission and neurocognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia
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“Our finding of symptomatic remission being a predictor for competitive employment outcomes corroborates that of a recent international randomized controlled trial (Catty et al. 2008).”
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Baksheev, G., Allott, K., Jackson, H. J., McGorry, P. D., & Killackey, E. J. (2012) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/h0094574 · Cited by 47
“Studies involving people with established psychotic disorders have demonstrated that poor vocational recovery is associated with work factors, such as limited work history (Catty et al., 2008), and illness-related factors, such as higher levels of psychiatric symptomatology (McGurk, Mueser, Harvey, LaPuglia, & Marder,…”
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The impacts of vocational rehabilitation
Markussen, S., & Røed, K. (2014) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2014.08.001 · Cited by 45
“, 2011), European evidence is more mixed (Burns et al, 2007; Catty et al., 2008; Howard et al. 2010).”
Ruggeri, M., Lora, A., & Semisa, D. (2008) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s1121189x00000154 · Cited by 45
“It is also important to note that the limited number of NICE recommendations and relative indicators on this topic does not allow for further investigation through proper data gathering and the formulation of grounded hypotheses (Burns et al., 2007; Catty et al., 2008).”
BackgroundKortrijk, H. E., Mulder, N. L., Kamperman, A. M., & van Weeghel, J. (2018) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-018-0233-0 · Cited by 43
“Factors known to be associated with unemployment are gender, age, educational level, ethnicity, living circumstances, limited social skills, previous work history, and clinical factors such as the severity of psychopathology, diagnosis and cognitive deficits (Allott et al. 2013; Catty et al. 2008; Chang et al. 2014; G…”
BackgroundEntwicklungsprozess der DGPPN-Qualitätsindikatoren
Großimlinghaus, I., Falkai, P., Gäebel, W., Janssen, B., Reich‐Erkelenz, D., Wobrock, T., & Zielasek, J. (2013) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-012-3705-4 · Cited by 40
Evensen, S., Ueland, T., Lystad, J. U., Bull, H. C., Klungsøyr, O., Martinsen, E. W., & Falkum, E. (2016) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2016.1247195 · Cited by 43
“global functioning and self-esteem, however, contrasts to past supported employment studies (14,16).”
BackgroundResultSmith, M. J., Fleming, M. F., Wright, M. A., Jordan, N., Humm, L. B., Olsen, D. E., & Bell, M. D. (2015) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201400504 · Cited by 40
Ethno-Racial Variation in Recovery From Severe Mental Illness
Whitley, R. (2016) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743716643740 · Cited by 44
“Interventions and strategies that facilitate employment and reduce financial strain (for example, supported employment services) can assist recovery and should be made more readily available and accessible.(19,20) Addressing macro-level factors such as stigma may be critical to facilitating recovery.”
BackgroundLockett, H., Waghorn, G., Kydd, R. R., & Chant, D. C. (2016) · Mental Health Review Journal · doi:10.1108/mhrj-12-2015-0040 · Cited by 39
Gustafsson, J., Peralta, J., & Danermark, B. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research · doi:10.16993/sjdr.36 · Cited by 39
“Studies show that job tenure variance is influenced by a variety of individual and environmental factors, such as severity of symptoms (Catty et al. 2008), person-environment fit (Kukla & Bond 2012) and employment specialist competencies (Corbiére & Lanctot 2011).”
BackgroundCatty, J., White, S. J., Koletsi, M., Becker, T. M., Fioritti, A., Kalkan, R., Lauber, C., Lissouba, P., Wulf Rössler, A., Tomov, T., et al. (2010) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.10.018 · Cited by 38
“…the relationship between the client and the vocational worker — whether ‘IPS worker’ or named worker in the control service — and found that early good relationships with vocational workers predicted getting a job, although relationships with clinical team keyworkers did not (Catty et al., 2008).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationFactors related to the return to work potential in persons with severe mental illness
Bejerholm, U., & Areberg, C. (2014) · Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.3109/11038128.2014.889745 · Cited by 38
“For instance, higher age, having a work history, and ethnic origin have been shown to be related to vocational outcomes, such as gaining competitive employment and increased working hours (21,22).”
BackgroundEmployment Specialist Competencies as Predictors of Employment Outcomes
Taylor, A. C., & Bond, G. R. (2012) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-012-9554-6 · Cited by 42
“We know of only two published quantitative studies touching on any characteristic of the individual employment specialist as a predictor for employment outcomes (Catty et al. 2008; McGurk and Mueser 2006).”
BackgroundKarpov, B., Joffe, G., Aaltonen, K. I., Suvisaari, J., Baryshnikov, I., Näätänen, P., Koivisto, M., Melartin, T. K., Oksanen, J., Suominen, K. H., et al. (2017) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.03.010 · Cited by 37
Kukla, M., McGuire, A. B., & Salyers, M. P. (2015) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201500108 · Cited by 33
It can work: Open employment for people with experience of mental illness
Peterson, D., Gordon, S., & Neale, J. (2017) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-172510 · Cited by 32
“Disputed factors are diagnosis and the severity of mental illness symptoms, with some researchers indicating that those with affective disorders are more [16,54]andotherresearchers statingdiagnosisandsymptomseveritymakenodif-ference[20,34,40,44].”
InfluentialEmployment Discrimination Against Schizophrenia
Seeman, M. V. (2008) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-008-9089-8 · Cited by 32
“DE had a good education, previous job experience and excellent relational skills, all good predictors of employment in people with severe mental illness [8].”
BackgroundSemisa, D., CASACCHIA, M., Munzio, W. D., Neri, G., Buscaglia, G., Burti, L., Pucci, C., Corlito, G., Bacigalupi, M., Parravani, R., et al. (2008) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s1121189x00000130 · Cited by 30
Psychiatric disorders and labour force activity
Jonsdottir, A., & Waghorn, G. (2015) · Mental Health Review Journal · doi:10.1108/mhrj-05-2014-0018 · Cited by 30
“Other individual-level demographic characteristics have been shown to be important including employment history, age, interest in employment and motivation for employment (Catty et al., 2008; van Der Heijde and van Der Heijden, 2006; Wewiorski and Fabian, 2004).”
BackgroundBond, G. R., Drake, R. E., Rapp, C. A., McHugo, G. J., & Xie, H. (2009) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-009-0226-y · Cited by 31
Self-citationGrover, S., Avasthi, A., Shah, S. H., Lakdawala, B. M., Chakraborty, K., Nebhinani, N., Kallivayalil, R., Dalal, P., Sinha, V., Khairkar, P. H., et al. (2015) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/0019-5545.148520 · Cited by 29
Readiness for Employment: Perceptions of Mental Health Service Users
Prior, S., Maciver, D., Forsyth, K., Walsh, M., Meiklejohn, A., & Irvine, L. (2013) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-012-9576-0 · Cited by 28
Pedersen, I., Patil, G. G., Berget, B., Ihlebæk, C., & Gonzalez, M. T. (2015) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-152213 · Cited by 28
Filia, K., Rickwood, D., Menssink, J., Gao, C.-X., Hetrick, S., Parker, A., Hamilton, M., Hickie, I., Herrman, H., Telford, N., et al. (2021) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-020-02020-6 · Cited by 22
Giugiario, M., Crivelli, B., Mingrone, C., Montemagni, C., Scalese, M., Sigaudo, M., Rocca, G., & Rocca, P. (2011) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-011-0367-7 · Cited by 27
“Our results are in accordance with a recent meta-analysis on participants in supported employment programs [50] showing that age and education were not associated with a better occupational functioning in schizophrenia, whereas some authors have identified a correlation between younger age and/or advanced education an…”
ResultPrior, S., Maciver, D., Aas, R. W., Kirsh, B., Lexen, A., van Niekerk, L., Irvine Fitzpatrick, L., & Forsyth, K. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02745-3 · Cited by 26
Smith, M. J., Bell, M. D., Wright, M. A., Humm, L. B., Olsen, D. E., & Fleming, M. F. (2016) · Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation · doi:10.3233/jvr-160802 · Cited by 26
“Of note, the analyses controlled for known predictors of vocational outcomes (i.e., cognition, time since prior employment) (Burke-Miller et al., 2006; Catty et al., 2008; Gold et al., 2002).”
Quality of Life and Marital Adjustment in Remitted Psychiatric Illness
Vibha, P., Saddichha, S., Khan, N. A., & Akhtar, S. (2013) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e318288e298 · Cited by 26
“Among the many variables that influence QOL in illnesses such as schizophrenia (SC) and affective disorders (Browne et al., 2000; Catty et al., 2008; Kauer-Sant’Anna et al., 2007; Vornik and Hirschfeld, 2005), one of the most important is marital adjustment, which is simply a ‘‘state in which there…”
BackgroundBeyond Evidence-Based Practice: Nine Ideal Features of a Mental Health Intervention
Bond, G. R., Drake, R. E., & Becker, D. R. (2010) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731509358085 · Cited by 25
Self-citationDeterminants of Employment Outcome for the People with Schizophrenia Using the WHODAS 2.0
Lu, S.-J., Liou, T., Yen, C.-F., Chang, F., Chen, Y., Escorpizo, R. S., Strauser, D. R., & Pan, A. (2018) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-018-9794-6 · Cited by 26
Ronald Bottlender, A., Strauß, A., & Möller, H. (2012) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-012-0335-6 · Cited by 25
R 2 measures for zero-inflated regression models for count data with excess zeros
Martin, J., & Hall, D. B. (2016) · Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation · doi:10.1080/00949655.2016.1186166 · Cited by 25
“Many research disciplines encounter ZI data, such as manufacturing,[1] horticulture,[2] entomology,[3] fish and wildlife conservation,[4] and psychology.[5] The most popular model for ZI data is a mixture model in which excess zeros are hypothesised to come from a degenerate distribution that is responsible for the no…”
BackgroundTopor, A., & Ljungberg, A. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/15487768.2016.1255276 · Cited by 27
“Although previous quantitative studies of the working alliance’s importance for the various outcomes of IPS activities have been ambiguous (Catty et al., 2008; Catty et al., 2010; Kukla & Bond, 2009), the present study, along with other qualitative studies on IPS (Areberg et al., 2012; Johnson et…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialCatty, J., Cowan, N., Poole, Z., Ellis, G., Geyer, C., Lissouba, P., White, S. J., & Burns, T. (2011) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.2010.02011.x · Cited by 23
Self-citationEmployment Support Needs of People with Schizophrenia: A Scoping Study
Carmona, V. R., Gómez‐Benito, J., & Rojo, E. (2018) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-018-9771-0 · Cited by 24
Lauber, C., & Bowen, J. L. (2010) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/09540261003716405 · Cited by 22
“Existing research on MH problems and employment outcomes have tended to focus on interventions for people with severe MH problems such as vocational rehabilitation (Bond, Drake, Mueser, & Becker, 1997; Burns et al., 2007; Burns et al., 2009; Catty et al., 2008; Crowther, Marshall, Bond, & Huxley, 2001; Kin et al., 200…”
BackgroundSelf-citationMarginal zero-inflated regression models for count data
Martin, J., & Hall, D. B. (2016) · Journal of Applied Statistics · doi:10.1080/02664763.2016.1225018 · Cited by 22
Working with schizophrenia: Experts' views on barriers and pathways to employment and job retention
Taskila, T. K., Steadman, K., Gulliford, J., Thomas, R. A., Elston, R., & Bevan, S. (2014) · Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation · doi:10.3233/jvr-140696 · Cited by 22
“Self-stigma caused by the low expectations of others may have a considerable effect on an individual’s motivation to work (Catty et al., 2008; Corrigan, Larson, & Rusch, 2009).”
BackgroundCase managers’ perspectives on the therapeutic alliance: a qualitative study
Nath, S. B., Alexander, L. B., & Solomon, P. (2012) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-012-0483-z · Cited by 22
The IPS fidelity scale as a guideline to implement Supported Employment
Knaeps, J., DeSmet, A., & Audenhove, C. V. (2012) · Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation · doi:10.3233/jvr-2012-0596 · Cited by 22
“The Dutch version of the IPS Fidelity previously used in the Netherlands [40] and in this study as well.”
Gyamfi, N., Badu, E., Mprah, W. K., & Mensah, I. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02768-w · Cited by 25
“This involves job search, followup support, and counselling services in a community setting [31, 32, 34, 35, 38].”
BackgroundAge Discrimination in Mental Health Services
Beecham, J. K., Knapp, M. R. J., Fernández, J., Huxley, P. J., Mangalore, R., McCrone, P., Snell, T., Winter, B., & Wittenberg, R. (2008) · Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent) · Cited by 21
Self-citationMarsden, J., Anders, P., Shaw, C., Amasiatu, C., Collate, W., Eastwood, B., Horgan, P., Khetani, M., Knight, J., Knight, S., et al. (2024) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102400 · Cited by 20
“24,25 The participant was immediately informed of their study intervention allocation.”
BackgroundInfluentialModels and frameworks of mental health recovery: a scoping review of the available literature
Gyamfi, N., Bhullar, N., Islam, M. S., & Usher, K. J. (2022) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2022.2069713 · Cited by 23
“…(Crosse, 2003; Malinovsky et al., 2013; Mizock et al., 2015; Raeburn et al., 2016), and vocational rehabilitation services (Burns et al., 2008; Catty et al., 2008; Crain et al., 2009; Waghorn et al., 2015) as part of the many interventions implemented during recovery service delivery.”
Coventry, P. A., Young, B., Balogun, A., Taylor, J., Brown, J. V. E., Kitchen, C. E. W., Kellar, I., Peckham, E. J., Bellass, S., Wright, J. M., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.723962 · Cited by 21
Increasing the employment rate for people with longer-term mental health problems
Rinaldi, M., Montibeller, T., & Perkins, R. E. (2011) · The Psychiatrist · doi:10.1192/pb.bp.109.028050 · Cited by 19
Nordt, C., Brantschen, E., Kawohl, W., Bärtsch, B., Haker, H., Rüsch, N., & Wulf Rössler, A. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-165 · Cited by 19
Catty, J., Koletsi, M., White, S. J., Becker, T. M., Fioritti, A., Kalkan, R., Lauber, C., Lissouba, P., Wulf Rössler, A., Tomov, T., et al. (2009) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-009-0163-9 · Cited by 19
Self-citationOccupational Therapy Interventions for Adults Living With Serious Mental Illness
Lannigan, E. G., & Noyes, S. (2019) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2019.735001 · Cited by 18
Factors Influencing Occupational Engagement in Day Centers for People with Psychiatric Disabilities
Tjörnstrand, C., Bejerholm, U., & Eklund, M. (2014) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-014-9765-0 · Cited by 18
“2012) in their recovery process, not seeing work as a possible option, or their social needs may have been met in the day center, which has been found to give less incentive to seek competitive work (Catty et al. 2008).”
BackgroundClient, Contextual and Program Elements Influencing Supported Employment: A Literature Review
Kirsh, B. (2016) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-015-9936-7 · Cited by 16
Sanches, S. A., van Busschbach, J. T., Michon, H. W. C., van Weeghel, J., & Swildens, W. E. (2018) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201700438 · Cited by 17
Kinn, L. G., Costa, M. N., Voll, I., Austrheim, G., Aas, R. W., & Davidson, L. (2020) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-020-09943-6 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Catty, J., Lissouba, P., White, S., Becker, T., Drake, R. E., Fioritti, A., Knapp, M., Lauber, C., Rössler, W., Tomov, T., van Busschbach, J., Wiersma, D., Burns, T., & EQOLISE Group
- Affiliations
- University of London (GB)
- St George's, University of London (GB)
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center (US)
- London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
- Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich (CH)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Warneford Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Burns, Tom
- ORCID
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 192
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 224-231
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2127566385
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 56.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- The British Journal of Psychiatry
- Funders
- European Commission
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Disability Education and Employment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Keywords
- severe mental illness, employment, Individual Placement and Support, vocational rehabilitation, predictors of employment, service attributes, social needs, remission, service uptake, work history, employee motivation, life satisfaction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Employment, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Prognosis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Rehabilitation Centers, Rehabilitation, Vocational, Schizophrenia, Employment, Supported
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