Reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast quality-of-life instrument.

Brady, M J; Cella, D F; Mo, F; Bonomi, A E; Tulsky, D S; Lloyd, S R; Deasy, S; Cobleigh, M; Shiomoto, G

doi:10.1200/jco.1997.15.3.974

Cited by 1,752Cancer survivorship and careHealth Education and ValidationHealth Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life

Reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast quality-of-life instrument.

Brady, M J, Cella, D F, Mo, F, Bonomi, A E, Tulsky, D S, Lloyd, S R, Deasy, S, Cobleigh, M +1 more·1997·Journal of Clinical Oncology

DOI 10.1200/jco.1997.15.3.974

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Abstract

PURPOSE: This is the first published report on the validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B), a 44-item self-report instrument designed to measure multidimensional quality of life (QL) in patients with breast cancer. The FACT-B consists of the FACT-General (FACT-G) plus the Breast Cancer Subscale (BCS), which complements the general scale with items specific to QL in breast cancer. The FACT-B was developed with an emphasis on patients' values and brevity and is available in nine languages. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two validation samples were used for this report. The first (n = 47) was tested twice over a 2-month period to assess sensitivity to change. Significant sensitivity to change in performance status rating (PSR) was demonstrated for the FACT-B total score, the Physical Well-Being (PWB) subscale, the Functional Well-Being (FWB) subscale, and the BCS. Sensitivity to change in QL as measured by the Functional Living Index-Cancer (FLIC) was documented in the FACT-B total score, PWB, FWB, and Emotional Well-Being (EWB). Additional validity and reliability data were obtained from a larger sample (n = 295). The alpha coefficient (internal consistency) for the FACT-B total score was high (alpha = .90), with subscale alpha coefficients ranging from .63 to .86. Evidence supported test-retest reliability, as well as convergent, divergent, and known groups validity. CONCLUSION: The FACT-B is appropriate for use in oncology clinical trials, as well as in clinical practice. It demonstrates ease of administration, brevity, reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change.

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The observed mean improvements in QoL exceeded the suggested clinically meaningful threshold of 7-8 points on the FACT-B for both groups.
“The observed mean improvements presented within this evaluation exceeded this for both groups.”
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All measures were validated, brief, and non-redundant.
“All measures were validated, brief, and non-redundant, supporting parsimony while enabling comprehensive evaluation of intervention impact.”
From Adapting an in-person acceptance and commitment therapy–based psychological intervention for fear of cancer recurrence into a digital format: a real-world evaluation during the COVID-19 pandemic (2025) · cites this paper as [13]

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Basic Concepts and Methods for Joint Models of Longitudinal and Survival Data
Ibrahim, J. G., Chu, H., & Chen, L. M. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2009.25.0654 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Palbociclib plus letrozole as first-line therapy in estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer with extended follow-up
Rugo, H. S., Finn, R. S., Diéras, V., Ettl, J., Lipatov, O., Joy, A. A., Harbeck, N., Castrellon, A., Iyer, S., Lu, D. R., et al. (2019) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/s10549-018-05125-4 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Cetuximab and First-Line Taxane/Carboplatin Chemotherapy in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results of the Randomized Multicenter Phase III Trial BMS099
Lynch, T. J., Patel, T., Dreisbach, L., McCleod, M., Heim, W. J., Hermann, R. C., Paschold, E., Iannotti, N. O., Dakhil, S., Gorton, S., et al. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2009.21.9618 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Benefits of supervised group exercise programme for women being treated for early stage breast cancer: pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Mutrie, N., Campbell, A. M., Whyte, F., McConnachie, A., Emslie, C., Lee, L., Kearney, N., Walker, A., & Ritchie, D. (2007) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39094.648553.ae · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Lymphedema After Breast Cancer: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Effect on Upper Body Function
Hayes, S. C., Janda, M., Cornish, B., Battistutta, D., & Newman, B. M. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2007.14.4899 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Exercise in Cancer Survivors: An Overview of Research
Courneya, K. S. (2003) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000093622.41587.b6 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
“The primary outcomes were peak oxygen consumption—as assessed by a graded exercise test using gas exchange analysis—and overall QOL—as assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) scale (5).”
Method
Randomized Phase IIB Trial of BLP25 Liposome Vaccine in Stage IIIB and IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Butts, C. A., Murray, N., Maksymiuk, A. W., Goss, G. D., Marshall, E., Soulières, D., Cormier, Y. F., Ellis, P., Price, A., Sawhney, R. P. S., et al. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.13.011 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Icotinib versus gefitinib in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (ICOGEN): a randomised, double-blind phase 3 non-inferiority trial
Shi, Y., Zhang, L., Liu, X., Zhou, C., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Wang, D., Li, Q., Qin, S., Hu, C., et al. (2013) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(13)70355-3 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
Comparison of Fulvestrant Versus Tamoxifen for the Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women Previously Untreated With Endocrine Therapy: A Multinational, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial
Howell, A., Robertson, J. F. R., Abram, P., Lichinitser, M., Elledge, R. M., Bajetta, E., Watanabe, T., Morris, C. Q., Webster, A., Dimery, I. W., et al. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2004.02.112 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
Trastuzumab Emtansine With or Without Pertuzumab Versus Trastuzumab Plus Taxane for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive, Advanced Breast Cancer: Primary Results From the Phase III MARIANNE Study
Perez, E. A., Barrios, C. H., EIERMANN, W., Toi, M., Im, Y., Conte, P., Martín, M., Pieńkowski, T., Pivot, X. B., Burris, H. A., et al. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2016.67.4887 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
“Health-related quality of life was measured by the Trial Outcome Index-Physical/Functional/Breast (TOI-PFB) of the Functional Assessment of Cancer TherapyBreast (FACT-B) questionnaire.(21) This sensitivity analysis is based on the subset of patients whowere randomly assigned after implementation of a protocol amendmen…”
Method
Perceived helpfulness and impact of social support provided by family, friends, and health care providers to women newly diagnosed with breast cancer
Arora, N., Rutten, L. J. F., Gustafson, D. H., Moser, R. P., & Hawkins, R. P. (2006) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1084 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Vandetanib plus docetaxel versus docetaxel as second-line treatment for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (ZODIAC): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial
Herbst, R. S., Sun, Y. P., Eberhardt, W., Germonpré, P. R., Saijo, N., Zhou, C., Wang, J., Li, L., Kabbinavar, F. F., Ichinose, Y., et al. (2010) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(10)70132-7 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
A 3-year prospective study of the effects of adjuvant treatments on cognition in women with early stage breast cancer
Jenkins, V. A., Shilling, V. M., Deutsch, G. P., Bloomfield, D. J., Morris, R. G., Allan, S., Bishop, H., Hodson, N. J., Mitra, S. S., Sadler, G., et al. (2006) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603029 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
“Patients completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy questionnaire (Breast) (FACT B) (Brady et al, 1997) and the fatigue (F) subscale (Yellen et al, 1997).”
Method
Quality of Life of Women With Recurrent Breast Cancer and Their Family Members
Northouse, L., Mood, D., Kershaw, T., Schafenacker, A., Mellon, S., Walker, J. G., Galvin, E. A., & Decker, V. B. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2002.02.054 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Multilingual translation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) quality of life measurement system
Bonomi, A. E., Cella, D. F., Hahn, E. A., Bjordal, K., Sperner‐Unterweger, B., Gangeri, L., Bergman, B., Willems-Groot, J., Hanquet, P., & Zittoun, R. (1996) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/bf00433915 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Mood, Breast- and Endocrine-Related Quality of Life, and Well-Being in Stage 0 to III Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Hoffman, C. J., Ersser, S. J., Hopkinson, J. B., Nicholls, P. G., Harrington, J. E., & Thomas, P. W. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2010.34.0331 · Cited by 398 · see citing works
“Soulsby, personal communication, May 2003).(29,30,32-35)”
Randomized Controlled Trial of Yoga Among a Multiethnic Sample of Breast Cancer Patients: Effects on Quality of Life
Moadel, A. B., Shah, C. D., Wylie‐Rosett, J., Harris, M. S., Patel, S. R., Hall, C. B., & Sparano, J. A. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2006.06.6027 · Cited by 398 · see citing works
“The FACT has been administered successfully in an interview format(61) and has been shown to have high reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change.(60,62-64) The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue(65) was used to assess limitations in daily activity and energy level.”
Method
A combination of distribution- and anchor-based approaches determined minimally important differences (MIDs) for four endpoints in a breast cancer scale
Eton, D. T., Cella, D., Yost, K. J., Yount, S. E., Peterman, A. H., Neuberg, D. S., Sledge, G. W., & Wood, W. C. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.01.012 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
“Breast cancer–specific modules have also been developed to supplement the EORTC QLQ-C30 [22] and the FACT [12].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Phase II Randomized Study of Trastuzumab Emtansine Versus Trastuzumab Plus Docetaxel in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Hurvitz, S. A., Dirix, L. Y., Kocsis, J., Bianchi, G., Lu, J. M., Vinholes, J., Guardino, E., Song, C., Tong, B., Ng, V., et al. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2012.44.9694 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Effect of computer support on younger women with breast cancer
Gustafson, D. H., Hawkins, R., Pingree, S., McTavish, F., Arora, N. K., Mendenhall, J., Cella, D. F., Serlin, R. C., Apantaku, F. M., Stewart, J., et al. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016007435.x · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Self-citation
Combining Distribution- and Anchor-Based Approaches to Determine Minimally Important Differences: The FACIT Experience
Yost, K. J., & Eton, D. T. (2005) · Evaluation & the Health Professions · doi:10.1177/0163278705275340 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
“5 (Brady et al., 1997), the researcher would need 100 patients per group (Elashoff, 2000).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
What is a clinically meaningful change on the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Lung (FACT-L) Questionnaire?Results from Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Study 5592
Cella, D. F., Eton, D. T., Fairclough, D. L., Bonomi, P., Heyes, A., Silberman, C., Wolf, M. S., & Johnson, D. A. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00477-2 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Self-citation
Risk factors for acute pain and its persistence following breast cancer surgery
Katz, J., Poleshuck, E. L., Andrus, C. H., Hogan, L. A., Jung, B. F., Kulick, D. I., & Dworkin, R. H. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.09.008 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
“Disease-specific emotional functioning was assessed with three measures: the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment— Emotional scale (FACT-E; Brady et al., 1997; Cella et al., 1993), which was designed to assess mood and anxiety in patients with cancer; the Somatosensory Amplification Scale…”
Method
Upper‐body morbidity after breast cancer
Hayes, S. C., Johansson, K. I., Stout, N. L., Prosnitz, R., Armer, J. M., Gabram, S. G. A., & Schmitz, K. H. (2012) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.27467 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Health state utilities for metastatic breast cancer
Lloyd, A. J., Nafees, B., Narewska, J., Dewilde, S., & Watkins, J. (2006) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603326 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
“The review also highlighted how frequently disease-specific measures, such as the FACT-B (Brady et al, 1997) and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaire-BR23 (Sprangers et al, 1996), had been used.”
BackgroundMethod
Assessment of quality of life in women undergoing hormonal therapy for breast cancer: validation of an endocrine symptom subscale for the FACT‐B
Fallowfield, L. J., Leaity, S. K., Howell, A., Benson, S., & Cella, D. F. (1999) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1023/a:1006263818115 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Self-citation
The efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction in the treatment of sleep disturbance in women with breast cancer
Shapiro, S. L., Bootzin, R. R., Figueredo, A. J., Lopez, A. M., & Schwartz, G. E. (2003) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00546-9 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
“The psychological measures used included: Profile of Mood States Scale (POMS) [21], the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) [22], the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PENN) [23], the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [24], the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment-Breast (FACIT-B) [25], the Shapiro Control Inventory (SCI)…”
Method
Meaning in life and physical health: systematic review and meta-analysis
Czekierda, K., Banik, A., Park, C. L., & Łuszczyńska, A. (2017) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2017.1327325 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
“Subjective assessment of health status by means of standardised scales included the following measures: Physical Health Status and Functioning subscales of Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short Form 12 (SF-12) (Stewart, Hays, & Ware, 1988; Ware & Sherbourne, 1992; Ware, Kosinski, & Keller, 1996); Physical Functioning sub…”
BackgroundInfluential
Effects of a family intervention on the quality of life of women with recurrent breast cancer and their family caregivers
Northouse, L., Kershaw, T., Mood, D., & Schafenacker, A. (2005) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.871 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
“Adequate reliability and validity of the FACT scales, and SF 36 have been reported previously (Brady et al., 1997; Cella et al., 1993; Ware et al., 1994).”
Background
Plasma transforming growth factor-?1 level before radiotherapy correlates with long term outcome of patients with lung carcinoma
Kong, F., Jirtle, R. L., Huang, D. H., Clough, R. W., & Anscher, M. S. (1999) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19991101)86:9 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Self-citation
Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Print Materials and Step Pedometers on Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors
Vallance, J. K., Courneya, K. S., Plotnikoff, R. C., Yasui, Y., & Mackey, J. R. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2006.07.9988 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
“QoL was assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy– Breast (FACT-B) scale.(18,19) Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Scale(20) from the FACT measurement system.”
Method
Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women in the Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) Adjuvant Breast Cancer Trial
Fallowfield, L. J., Cella, D. F., Cuzick, J. M., Francis, S., Locker, G. Y., & Howell, A. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2004.08.029 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Self-citation
Lymphedema and Quality of Life in Survivors of Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Beaulac, S. M. (2002) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.137.11.1253 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
“tions regarding breast, emotional, functional, physical, and social well-being.(2) The FACT-B uses the 5-point Likert scale (each”
Method
Effects of exercise dose and type during breast cancer chemotherapy: multicenter randomized trial
Courneya, K. S., McKenzie, D. C., Mackey, J. R., Gelmon, K., Friedenreich, C. M., Yasui, Y., Reid, R. D., Cook, D., Jespersen, D., Proulx, C., et al. (2013) · JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djt297 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
“Important secondary outcomes were the other three physical component subscales of the SF-36 (role–physical, bodily pain, and general health), the physical component summary, the trial outcome index–fatigue (7), breast cancer symptoms (8), fatigue symptoms (7), taxane/neuropathy symptoms (9), and endocrine symptoms (10…”
Background
Fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms prior to chemotherapy for breast cancer
Ancoli‐Israel, S., Liu, L., Marler, M., Parker, B. A., Jones, V. E., Sadler, G. R., Dimsdale, J. E., Cohen‐Zion, M., & Fiorentino, L. (2005) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-005-0861-0 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Topotecan Versus Observation After Cisplatin Plus Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: E7593—A Phase III Trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
Schiller, J. H., Adak, S., Cella, D. F., DeVore, R. F., & Johnson, D. H. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2001.19.8.2114 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Self-citation
Symptoms in Adults with Lung Cancer
Cooley, M. E. (2000) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(99)00150-5 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based interventions for women with breast cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
Haller, H., Winkler, M. M., Klose, P., Dobos, G., Kümmel, S., & Cramer, H. (2017) · Acta Oncologica · doi:10.1080/0284186x.2017.1342862 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Lower-Dose vs High-Dose Oral Estradiol Therapy of Hormone Receptor–Positive, Aromatase Inhibitor–Resistant Advanced Breast Cancer
Ellis, M. J., Gao, F., Dehdashti, F., Jeffe, D. B., Marcom, P. K., Carey, L., Dickler, M. N., Silverman, P., Fleming, G. F., Kommareddy, A., et al. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1204 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
“Median (range) follow-up time was 83 (37-215) weeks for the 6-mg group and 86 (6-212) weeks for the 30-mg group.”
Randomized, Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial of Acupuncture for the Management of Aromatase Inhibitor–Associated Joint Symptoms in Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Crew, K. D., Capodice, J. L., Greenlee, H., Brafman, L., Fuentes, D., Awad, D., Tsai, W. Y., & Hershman, D. L. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2009.23.4708 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Main Outcomes of the FRESH START Trial: A Sequentially Tailored, Diet and Exercise Mailed Print Intervention Among Breast and Prostate Cancer Survivors
Demark‐Wahnefried, W., Clipp, E. C., Lipkus, I. M., Lobach, D. F., Snyder, D. C., Sloane, R. J., Peterson, B. L., Macri, J. M., Rock, C. L., McBride, C. M., et al. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2007.10.7094 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery Versus Supportive Expressive Group Therapy for Distressed Survivors of Breast Cancer (MINDSET)
Carlson, L. E., Doll, R., Stephen, J., Faris, P., Tamagawa, R., Drysdale, E., & Speca, M. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2012.47.5210 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-ovarian
Basen-Engquist, K., Bodurka-Bevers, D., Fitzgerald, M. A., Webster, K., Cella, D., Hu, S., & Gershenson, D. M. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2001.19.6.1809 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citation
Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Hepatobiliary Cancers: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Hepatobiliary Questionnaire
Heffernan, N., Cella, D. F., Webster, K., Odom, L., Martone, M. W., Passik, S. D., Bookbinder, M., Fong, Y., Jarnagin, W. R., & Blumgart, L. H. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2002.07.093 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citation
Measuring quality of life in chronic illness: The functional assessment of chronic illness therapy measurement system
Cella, D. F., & Nowinski, C. J. (2002) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1053/apmr.2002.36959 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Self-citation
Re-creating your life: a spiritual/psychotherapeutic intervention for people diagnosed with cancer
Cole, B. S., & Pargäment, K. I. (1999) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1611(199909/10)8:5 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citation
Exercise Interventions for Cancer Survivors: A Meta-Analysis of Quality of Life Outcomes
Ferrer, R. A., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Johnson, B. T., Ryan, S. M., & Pescatello, L. S. (2010) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9225-1 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Quality of life and breast cancer: Relationship to psychosocial variables
Shapiro, S. L., López, A. M., Schwartz, G. E., Bootzin, R. R., Figueredo, A. J., Braden, C. J., & Kurker, S. F. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.1026 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
“The FACIT-B is comprised of five areas of quality of life: physical well being, social/family well-being, emotional well-being, and functional wellbeing, and nine additional items specifically related to breast cancer.”
Background
Acute and Short-term Toxic Effects of Conventionally Fractionated vs Hypofractionated Whole-Breast Irradiation
Shaitelman, S. F., Schlembach, P. J., Arzu, I., Ballo, M. T., Bloom, E. S., Buchholz, D. J., Chronowski, G. M., Dvořák, T., Grade, E., Hoffman, K. E., et al. (2015) · JAMA Oncology · doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.2666 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
The Epidemiology of Arm and Hand Swelling in Premenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors
Paskett, E. D., Naughton, M. J., McCoy, T. P., Case, L. D., & Abbott, J. M. (2007) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-06-0168 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Self-efficacy for managing pain, symptoms, and function in patients with lung cancer and their informal caregivers: Associations with symptoms and distress
Porter, L. S., Keefe, F. J., Garst, J. L., McBride, C. M., & Baucom, D. H. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.09.010 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Measuring Quality of Life in Cosmetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery: A Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcomes Instruments
Pusic, A. L., Chen, C. M., Cano, S., Klassen, A. F., McCarthy, C. M., Collins, E. D., & Cordeiro, P. G. (2007) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000278162.82906.81 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Fertility- and Menopause-Related Information Needs of Younger Women With a Diagnosis of Early Breast Cancer
Thewes, B., Meiser, B., Taylor, A., Phillips, K., Pendlebury, S. T., Capp, A., Dalley, D. N., Goldstein, D., Baber, R., & Friedlander, M. L. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.07.773 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
The interaction of post‐traumatic growth and post‐traumatic stress symptoms in predicting depressive symptoms and quality of life
Morrill, E. F., Brewer, N. T., O’Neill, S. C., Lillie, S. E., Dees, E. C., Carey, L., & Rimer, B. K. (2008) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1313 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
“QOL was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale} Breast (FACT-B) [22], a 44-item measure specific to breast cancer (Cronbach0s alpha 1⁄4 0:88).”
MethodResult
Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women in the ATAC (“Arimidex”, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination) Trial after Completion of 5 years' Adjuvant Treatment for Early Breast Cancer
Cella, D. F., Fallowfield, L. J., Barker, P. N., Cuzick, J. M., Locker, G. Y., Howell, A., & On behalf of the ATAC Trialistsȁ9 Group (2006) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/s10549-006-9260-6 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Self-citation
Impact of BRCA1/BRCA2 counseling and testing on newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.
Schwartz, M. D., Lerman, C., Brogan, B. M., Peshkin, B., Halbert, C., Demarco, T. A., Lawrence, W., Main, D., Finch, C., Magnant, C., et al. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2004.04.086 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measurement in Randomized Clinical Trials in Breast Cancer--Taking Stock
Goodwin, P. J., Black, J., Bordeleau, L. J., & Ganz, P. A. (2003) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/95.4.263 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Multicenter Phase II Trial of Weekly Paclitaxel in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer
Perez, E. A., Vogel, C. L., Irwin, D. H., Kirshner, J. J., & Patel, R. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2001.19.22.4216 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Differences in patterns of depression after treatment for breast cancer
Deshields, T. L., Tibbs, T. L., Fan, M., & Taylor, M. (2005) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.962 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
“05) than the established norm for adults (X ¼ 9:25) (Brady et al., 1997).”
BackgroundInfluential
Lifestyle Intervention Development Study to Improve Physical Function in Older Adults With Cancer: Outcomes From Project LEAD
Demark‐Wahnefried, W., Clipp, E. C., Morey, M. C., Pieper, C. F., Sloane, R. J., Snyder, D. C., & Cohen, H. J. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2006.05.7224 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Sexual Problems in Younger Women After Breast Cancer Surgery
Burwell, S. R., Case, L. D., Kaelin, C. M., & Avis, N. E. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.04.2499 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
A comprehensive geriatric intervention detects multiple problems in older breast cancer patients
Extermann, M. (2003) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/s1040-8428(03)00099-4 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
“1) The end-points planned for the main trial: change in dependence in ADL [7]; change in living conditions; change in QOL (FACT-B) [5].”
BackgroundMethod
Significant correlation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression with neovascularization and progression of breast carcinoma
Saji, H., Koike, M., Yamori, T., Saji, S., Seiki, M., Matsushima, K., & Toi, M. (2001) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20010901)92:5 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effect of cosmetic outcome on quality of life after breast cancer surgery
Kim, M., Kim, T. Y., Moon, H., Jin, U. S., Kim, K. J., Kim, J. H., Lee, J. W., Kim, J. H., Lee, E., Yoo, T. K., et al. (2014) · European Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2014.12.002 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Social networks, social support mechanisms, and quality of life after breast cancer diagnosis
Kroenke, C. H., Kwan, M. L., Neugut, A. I., Ergas, I. J., Wright, J. D., Caan, B. J., Hershman, D., & Kushi, L. H. (2013) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/s10549-013-2477-2 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Dance and Movement Program Improves Quality-of-Life Measures in Breast Cancer Survivors
Sandel, S. L., Judge, J. O., Landry, N., Faria, L., Ouellette, R., & Majczak, M. (2005) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/00002820-200507000-00011 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
“8 standard deviation of the distribution of the FACT-B score at baseline in our sample and in the large sample of women in the FACT-B validation study.(19) The experience of the control group during the crossover portion of the trial was similar to the experience of the intervention group in the first portion of the t…”
MethodResultInfluential
Restorative yoga for women with breast cancer: findings from a randomized pilot study
Danhauer, S. C., Mihalko, S. L., Russell, G. B., Campbell, C. R., Felder, L., Daley, K., & Levine, E. A. (2009) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1503 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
“(FACT-B) [26]”
Impact of medical and demographic factors on long-term quality of life and body image of breast cancer patients
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“However, one has to keep in mind that other workers, including the EORTC study group, have developed scales specific to breast cancer, for example a breast cancer version of the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist [23], the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Breast [24] and the breast cancer module of the EORTC to be use…”
Method
Gefitinib versus placebo as maintenance therapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (INFORM; C-TONG 0804): a multicentre, double-blind randomised phase 3 trial
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Validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) quality of life instrument.
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Self-citation
Validation of the Czech version of the FACT-B scale formeasuring quality of life in breast cancer patients
Jarkovský, J., Skřivanová, K., Benešová, K., Nedvěd, J., Brančíková, D., Peterková, H., Svěrák, T., Anderková, Ľ., Elfmarková, N., & Dušek, L. (2016)
[Validation of an instrument to measure life quality in breast cancer patients].
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Validation of the simplified Chinese version of the FACT-B for measuring quality of life for patients with breast cancer
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Health-related quality of life among women with ductal carcinomain situor early invasive breast cancer: validation of the FACT-B (version 4)
Hahn, E. A., Segawa, E., Kaiser, K., Cella, D. F., & Smith, B. D. (2016) · Expert Review of Quality of Life in Cancer Care · doi:10.1080/23809000.2016.1134259 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Brady, M. J., Cella, D. F., Mo, F., Bonomi, A. E., Tulsky, D. S., Lloyd, S. R., Deasy, S., Cobleigh, M., & Shiomoto, G.
Affiliations: Rush University Medical Center (US)
Rush University (US)
ORCID: Cella, D F
Bonomi, A E
Tulsky, D S
Lloyd, S R
Cobleigh, M
Venue: Journal of Clinical Oncology
Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Published: 1997-03
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Pages: 974-986
ISSN: 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
1527-7755
DOI: 10.1200/jco.1997.15.3.974
OpenAlex: W1857624176
Cited by: 1,752
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 47 · 2025: 76 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 88 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 87 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 83 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 86
FWCI: 5.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1r29ca051926-01a1)
National Cancer Institute (R29CA51926)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Keywords: FACT-B, breast cancer, quality of life, FACT-G, instrument validation, sensitivity to change, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, known-groups validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, physical well-being, functional well-being, emotional well-being, Functional Living Index-Cancer, self-report questionnaire
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Self Concept, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, Translations, Reproducibility of Results

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Reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast quality-of-life instrument.

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