Physical Activity and Survival After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: To determine whether higher physical activity after prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis decreases risk of overall and PCa-specific death. Patients and Methods: We evaluated physical activity in relation to overall and PCa mortality among 2,705 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study diagnosed with nonmetastatic PCa observed from 1990 to 2008. Proportional hazards models were used to evaluate physical activity and time to overall and PCa-specific death. Results: Among men who lived at least 4 years after their postdiagnosis physical activity assessment, we documented 548 deaths, 20% of which were a result of PCa. In multivariable analysis, men who were physically active had lower risk of all-cause mortality (P trend < .001) and PCa mortality (P trend = .04). Both nonvigorous activity and vigorous activity were associated with significantly lower overall mortality. Those who walked ≥ 90 minutes per week at a normal to very brisk pace had a 46% lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.54; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.71) compared with shorter durations at an easy walking pace. Men with ≥ 3 hours per week of vigorous activity had a 49% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.72). For PCa-specific mortality, brisk walking at longer durations was suggestively inverse but not statistically significant. Men with ≥ 3 hours per week of vigorous activity had a 61% lower risk of PCa death (HR, 0.39, 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.84; P = .03) compared with men with less than 1 hour per week of vigorous activity. Men exercising vigorously before and after diagnosis had the lowest risk. Conclusion: In men with PCa, physical activity was associated with lower overall mortality and PCa mortality. A modest amount of vigorous activity such as biking, tennis, jogging, or swimming for ≥ 3 hours a week may substantially improve PCa-specific survival.
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Tertiary prevention may exist for prostate cancer because physical activity was associated with lower all-cause and prostate cancer mortality in men previously diagnosed with prostate cancer.
“Tertiary prevention may exist as Kenfield et al. (271) provided evidence that physical activity was associated with lower mortality and PCa mortality in men previously diagnosed with PCa.”
From Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases (2012) · cites this paper as [271]
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- Authors
- Kenfield, S. A., Stampfer, M. J., Giovannucci, E., & Chan, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Oncology
- Published
- 2011-02-20
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 726-732
- ISSN
- 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
- 1527-7755
- PMC
- PMC3056656
- OpenAlex
- W2160769891
- Cited by
- 601
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 31.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Prostate Cancer Foundation
- Charles A. King Trust
- National Institutes of Health (T32 CA 009,001)
- National Cancer Institute (CA 133891, R01CA133891, R01CA141298, CA141298, P01CA055075, T32CA009001)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- prostate cancer, physical activity, survival, all-cause mortality, prostate cancer-specific mortality, high-intensity exercise, brisk walking, non-metastatic prostate cancer, Health Professionals Follow-up Study
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Prostatic Neoplasms, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis
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