Dose-Dependent Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Resting-State Brain Activity

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Hypothalamic KATP channels control hepatic glucose production

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Brain Insulin Resistance at the Crossroads of Metabolic and Cognitive Disorders in Humans

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Effects of intranasal insulin on cognition in memory-impaired older adults: Modulation by APOE genotype

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Differential sensitivity of men and women to anorexigenic and memory-improving effects of intranasal insulin

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Insulin enhances striatal dopamine release by activating cholinergic interneurons and thereby signals reward

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Impaired insulin action in the human brain: causes and metabolic consequences

Heni, M., Kullmann, S., Preissl, H., Fritsche, A., & Häring, H.-U. (2015) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2015.173 · Cited by 245 · see citing works

Homeostasis Meets Motivation in the Battle to Control Food Intake

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Selective Insulin Resistance in Homeostatic and Cognitive Control Brain Areas in Overweight and Obese Adults

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Intranasal Insulin to Improve Memory Function in Humans

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Central Insulin Administration Improves Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity via Hypothalamus and Parasympathetic Outputs in Men

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Insulin Modulates Food-Related Activity in the Central Nervous System

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Intranasal Insulin Enhances Postprandial Thermogenesis and Lowers Postprandial Serum Insulin Levels in Healthy Men

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Resting-state functional connectivity of the human hypothalamus

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Hypothalamic and Striatal Insulin Action Suppresses Endogenous Glucose Production and May Stimulate Glucose Uptake During Hyperinsulinemia in Lean but Not in Overweight Men

Heni, M., Wagner, R., Kullmann, S., Gancheva, S., Roden, M., Peter, A., Stefan, N., Preissl, H., Häring, H.-U., & Fritsche, A. (2017) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db16-1380 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

Intranasal Insulin Modulates Intrinsic Reward and Prefrontal Circuitry of the Human Brain in Lean Women

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Nasal insulin changes peripheral insulin sensitivity simultaneously with altered activity in homeostatic and reward-related human brain regions

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Intranasal Insulin Suppresses Endogenous Glucose Production in Humans Compared With Placebo in the Presence of Similar Venous Insulin Concentrations

Dash, S., Xiao, C., Morgantini, C., Koulajian, K., & Lewis, G. F. (2015) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-0685 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Intranasal insulin enhances brain functional connectivity mediating the relationship between adiposity and subjective feeling of hunger

Kullmann, S., Heni, M., Veit, R., Scheffler, K., Machann, J., Häring, H., Fritsche, A., & Preissl, H. T. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01907-w · Cited by 92 · see citing works

Insulin Action in the Human Brain: Evidence from Neuroimaging Studies

Kullmann, S., Heni, M., Fritsche, A., & Preissl, H. (2015) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12254 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Hepatic Fat Accumulation and Energy Metabolism in Humans

Gancheva, S., Koliaki, C., Bierwagen, A., Nowotny, P., Heni, M., Fritsche, A., Häring, H.-U., Szendroedi, J., & Roden, M. (2015) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-0892 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

Mechanisms of insulin resistance in the amygdala: Influences on food intake

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Intranasal Insulin Suppresses Systemic but Not Subcutaneous Lipolysis in Healthy Humans

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Interaction between the obesity-risk gene FTO and the dopamine D2 receptor gene ANKK1/TaqIA on insulin sensitivity

Heni, M., Kullmann, S., Ahlqvist, E., Wagner, R. J., Machicao, F. E., Staiger, H., Häring, H.-U., Almgren, P., Groop, L., Small, D. M., et al. (2016) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-016-4095-0 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Insulin Modulation of Magnetoencephalographic Resting State Dynamics in Lean and Obese Subjects

Stingl, K. T., Kullmann, S., Guthoff, M., Heni, M., Fritsche, A., & Preissl, H. T. (2010) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2010.00157 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Hypothalamic insulin responsiveness is associated with pancreatic insulin secretion in humans

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Theoretical and experimental evaluation of continuous arterial spin labeling techniques

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Effect of Insulin on the Brain Activity Obtained during Visual and Memory Tasks in Healthy Human Subjects

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Is Insulin Action in the Brain Relevant in Regulating Blood Glucose in Humans?

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Central nervous pathways of insulin action in the control of metabolism and food intake

Kullmann, S., Kleinridders, A., Small, D. M., Fritsche, A., Häring, H.-U., Preissl, H., & Heni, M. (2020) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30113-3 · Cited by 233 · see citing works

Brain insulin signalling in metabolic homeostasis and disease

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Brain functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging of obesity and weight loss interventions

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Empagliflozin Improves Insulin Sensitivity of the Hypothalamus in Humans With Prediabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial

Kullmann, S., Hummel, J., Wagner, R. J., Dannecker, C., Vosseler, A., Fritsche, L., Veit, R., Kantartzis, K., Machann, J., Birkenfeld, A. L., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-1136 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Safety of intranasal human insulin: A review

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Non-Invasive Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery.

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Exercise restores brain insulin sensitivity in sedentary adults who are overweight and obese

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Impact of insulin and insulin resistance on brain dopamine signalling and reward processing – An underexplored mechanism in the pathophysiology of depression?

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In vitro – in vivo correlation of intranasal drug deposition

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Characterisation of nasal devices for delivery of insulin to the brain and evaluation in humans using functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Hot Spots for the Use of Intranasal Insulin: Cerebral Ischemia, Brain Injury, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Disorders and Postoperative Delirium

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Central Insulin Modulates Dopamine Signaling in the Human Striatum

Kullmann, S., Blum, D., Jaghutriz, B. A., Gassenmaier, C., Bender, B., Häring, H., Reischl, G., Preissl, H. T., la Fougère, C. J., Fritsche, A., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab410 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase

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The impact of chemical engineering and technological advances on managing diabetes: present and future concepts

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1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of deuterated glucose and of neurotransmitter metabolism at 7 T in the human brain

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Drug Delivery Systems for Diabetes Treatment

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Effects of Intranasal Insulin Administration on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Performance in Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Intervention Studies

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The Role of Insulin Signaling in Hippocampal-Related Diseases: A Focus on Alzheimer’s Disease

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The effect of intranasal insulin on appetite and mood in women with and without obesity: an experimental medicine study

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Sex differences in central insulin action: Effect of intranasal insulin on neural food cue reactivity in adults with normal weight and overweight

Wagner, L., Veit, R., Fritsche, L., Häring, H., Fritsche, A., Birkenfeld, A. L., Heni, M., Preissl, H. T., & Kullmann, S. (2022) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-022-01167-3 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Memory advancement by intranasal insulin in type 2 diabetes (MemAID) randomized controlled clinical trial: Design, methods and rationale

Mendez, B. G., Trevino, J. A., McGlinchey, R. E., Fortier, C. B., Lioutas, V., Novák, P., Mantzoros, C. S., Ngo, L. H., & Novak, V. (2020) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2020.105934 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Intranasal insulin administration decreases cerebral blood flow in cortico‐limbic regions: A neuropharmacological imaging study in normal and overweight males

Wingrove, J. O., O’Daly, O., Forbes, B., Swedrowska, M., Amiel, S. A., & Zelaya, F. O. (2020) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14213 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Intranasal Insulin: a Treatment Strategy for Addiction

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Carrageenan and insulin resistance in humans: a randomised double-blind cross-over trial

Wagner, R., Büttner, J., Heni, M., Fritsche, L., Kullmann, S., Wagmüller, M., Peter, A., Preissl, H. T., Machann, J., von Schwartzenberg, R. J., et al. (2024) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-024-03771-8 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Brain insulin responsiveness is linked to age and peripheral insulin sensitivity

Wagner, L., Veit, R., Kübler, C., Fritsche, A., Häring, H., Birkenfeld, A. L., Heni, M., Preissl, H., & Kullmann, S. (2023) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15094 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Childhood Metabolic Biomarkers Are Associated with Performance on Cognitive Tasks in Young Children

Shapiro, A. L. B., Wilkening, G. N., Aalborg, J., Ringham, B. M., Glueck, D. H., Tregellas, J. R., & Dabelea, D. (2019) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.03.043 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Resting-state functional connectivity of the human hypothalamus

Kullmann, S., & Veit, R. (2021) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819975-6.00005-4 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

A glucose-stimulated BOLD fMRI study of hypothalamic dysfunction in mice fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet

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The autonomic nervous system in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

Wangler, S., Jarczok, M. N., Ennis, M., Herhaus, B., Wagner, R., Sehgal, R., & Heni, M. (2026) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01221-w · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Nasal insulin administration does not affect hepatic glucose production at systemic fasting insulin levels

Plomgaard, P., Hansen, J. S., Ingerslev, B., Clemmesen, J. O., Secher, N. H., van Hall, G., Fritsche, A., Weigert, C., Lehmann, R., Häring, H., et al. (2019) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13615 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Functional Connectivity Within the Gustatory Network Is Altered by Fat Content and Oral Fat Sensitivity – A Pilot Study

Frank, S., Heinze, J. M., Machann, J., Scheffler, K., Camps, G., Fritsche, A., Rosenberger, M., Hinrichs, J., Veit, R., & Preissl, H. T. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00725 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

A meal enriched in saturated fat acutely impairs cognitive performance in obese men

Ruegsegger, G. N., Rappaport, C. I., Hill, J. J., Jochum, K. A., Challeen, E. S., & Roth, M. C. (2021) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113664 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Acute inorganic nitrate intake increases regional insulin action in the brain: Results of a double-blind, randomized, controlled cross-over trial with abdominally obese men

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Outcomes and clinical implications of intranasal insulin on cognition in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Central effects of acute intranasal insulin on neuroimaging, cognitive, and behavioural outcomes: A systematic review

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The influence of insulin on anticipation and consummatory reward to food intake: A functional imaging study on healthy normal weight and overweight subjects employing intranasal insulin delivery

Wingrove, J. O., O’Daly, O., Rubio, A. D. L., Hill, S., Swedroska, M., Forbes, B., Amiel, S. A., & Zelaya, F. O. (2022) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26019 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia effects on anterior cingulate cortex myoinositol—relation to brain network functional connectivity in healthy adults

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Elevated Insulin Levels Engage the Salience Network during Multisensory Perception

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Effect of acute intranasal insulin administration on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in healthy young adults

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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intranasal insulin in a rat brain

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Insulin Resistance as a Shared Pathophysiological Driver in Neurological Disorders: a Narrative Review

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Laminar Fluid Ejection for Olfactory Drug Delivery: A Proof of Concept Study

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Intranasal Insulin Administration Does Not Affect LH Concentrations in Men with Diabetes

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Effect of a single exercise bout on fasting cerebral blood flow and brain insulin sensitivity in middle‐aged to older adults

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Cognitive function in response to a pecan-enriched meal: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study in healthy adults

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Sex Differences in Insulin-Induced Hippocampus Functional Connectivity During Visual Food-Cue Presentation

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Diabetes and Treatments

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High‐dose intranasal insulin in an adaptive dose‐escalation study in healthy human participants

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Circulating epigenetic signatures classifying brain insulin resistance in humans

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Intranasal delivery of insulin: An update on status quo and challenges for diabetes treatment

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The interplay of central insulin and menstrual cycle on functional brain networks and neural food cue reactivity in women

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Intranasal Insulin Increases Brain Glutathione and Enhances Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Participants but Not in Those With Early Psychotic Disorders

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Exploring the effects of an insulin challenge on neuroimaging outcomes: A scoping review

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Intranasal insulin for the treatment of alcohol use disorder: design and methodology of an alcohol interaction randomized controlled trial

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Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults

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Reply to te Brake et al. : Conflicting Findings on an Intermediate Dose of Rifampicin for Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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Zentralnervöse Prozesse bei der Prävention von Typ-2-Diabetes – Ferdinand-Bertram-Preis 2022 – eine Kurzübersicht der Preisträgerin Stephanie Kullmann

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Intranasal insulin therapy in the treatment of alzheimer’s disease – A narrative review

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Deuterium labeling enables non-invasive 3D proton MR imaging of glucose and neurotransmitter metabolism in the human brain

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Closed-loop individual EEG neurofeedback of appetite interventions: a conceptual framework

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Effect of Intranasal Insulin on Cognitive Function in Diabetic Patients

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Protein and peptide delivery through respiratory pathway

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Current and Advanced Strategies for Diabetes Mellitus Management-Review

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Nanotechnological and material science for diabetics and advanced transdermal delivery

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Narrative review of rationale for IV deferoxamine plus intranasal insulin to ameliorate brain damage following resuscitation from cardiac arrest

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Hypothalamic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes is localized to the posterior hypothalamus

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Disentangling the effect of brain insulin resistance on brain health ( BIR ‐ BrainHealth ): Rationale and study protocol

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Unhealthy fat distribution as a sex-specific predictor of declining hippocampus insulin sensitivity

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Is abnormal brain insulin action implicated in the biology of depression? A pilot neuroimaging study in adolescents

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Insulin Action in the Brain

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Effects of antipsychotics on brain insulin action in females: Study protocol for a placebo-controlled, crossover neuroimaging study

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Das Gehirn als Schlüsselorgan der Stoffwechselregulation

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Central nervous system effects of intranasally administered insulin during euglycemia in men.

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Characterisation of nasal devices for delivery of insulin to the brain and evaluation in humans using functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Nasal insulin administration does not affect hepatic glucose production at systemic fasting insulin levels

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Comprehensive analysis of intranasal insulin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the rat brain

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Intranasal insulin affects brain, but not peripheral tissue, glucose uptake in lean, healthy men: a positron emission tomography study

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