The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 3 of the 17 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans
Abstract
Insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes and is associated with obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors. The "gold standard" glucose clamp and minimal model analysis are two established methods for determining insulin sensitivity in vivo, but neither is easily implemented in large studies. Thus, it is of interest to develop a simple, accurate method for assessing insulin sensitivity that is useful for clinical investigations. We performed both hyperinsulinemic isoglycemic glucose clamp and insulin-modified frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance tests on 28 nonobese, 13 obese, and 15 type 2 diabetic subjects. We obtained correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity from glucose clamp studies (SI(Clamp)) and minimal model analysis (SI(MM)) that were comparable to previous reports (r = 0.57). We performed a sensitivity analysis on our data and discovered that physiological steady state values [i.e. fasting insulin (I(0)) and glucose (G(0))] contain critical information about insulin sensitivity. We defined a quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI = 1/[log(I(0)) + log(G(0))]) that has substantially better correlation with SI(Clamp) (r = 0.78) than the correlation we observed between SI(MM) and SI(Clamp). Moreover, we observed a comparable overall correlation between QUICKI and SI(Clamp) in a totally independent group of 21 obese and 14 nonobese subjects from another institution. We conclude that QUICKI is an index of insulin sensitivity obtained from a fasting blood sample that may be useful for clinical research.
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3 of 17 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“A well accepted alternative for estimating insulin sensitivity involves minimal model analysis of a frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) (9 -11).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > I NSULIN IS
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [9] Bergman, 1987, Equivalence of the insulin sensitivity index in man derived by the minimal model method and the euglycemic glucose clamp., J Clin Invest source
The Introduction describes minimal-model analysis of a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test as an alternative to the glucose clamp. The Discussion reports that it yielded an equivalent measure of insulin sensitivity in the study, while noting that wider validation would be needed before recommending general use. (LLM, conf=0.90)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] 1989, Lilly lecture 1989. Toward physiological understanding of glucose tolerance. Minimal-model approach., Diabetes source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [11] Saad, 1997, Differences between the tolbutamide-boosted and the insulin-modified minimal model protocols., Diabetes source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, we observed a comparable overall correlation between QUICKI and SI Clamp in a totally independent group of 21 obese and 14 nonobese subjects from another institution.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, as expected, the obese and diabetic subjects were significantly more insulin resistant than the nonobese subjects (P Ͻ 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 ).”
- Also stated in: § Glucose clamp and minimal model estimates of insulin sensitivity · plain
“As expected, when subjects were evaluated with the gold standard glucose clamp method, obese subjects were more insulin resistant, on the average, than nonobese subjects, and diabetics were the most insulin-resistant group.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Glucose clamp studies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § Glucose clamp and minimal model estimates of insulin sensitivity · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We performed a sensitivity analysis on our data and discovered that physiological steady state values [i.e.fasting insulin (I 0 ) and glucose (G 0 )] contain critical information about insulin sensitivity.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, the linear regression analysis of the subgroups corresponded more closely to the overall regression line when comparing QUICKI and SI Clamp .”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, QUICKI derived from the average results of two fasting blood samples (over 10 min) was similar to QUICKI calculated from a single sample.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Interestingly, we found that the product of fasting insulin and glucose yielded an index of insulin sensitivity that was applicable to both dia-betic and nondiabetic subjects.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The basal glucose levels in the diabetic group were significantly elevated compared with those in the other groups (166 Ϯ 15 mg/dL; P Ͻ 4 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 ).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Insulin-modified FSIVGTT studies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Note that in contrast to the minimal model-derived SI MM , we were able to calculate meaningful values of QUICKI for all diabetic subjects studied.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“QUICKI was calculated for all study subjects (mean, 0.382 Ϯ 0.007, 0.331 Ϯ 0.010, and 0.304 Ϯ 0.007 for nonobese, obese, and diabetic subjects, respectively).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
- It may state two separate claims as one. 15
- The quote only partly states this claim. 2
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“Alternatively, periodic oscillations in insulin secretion (both ultradian and 10-to 15-min periods) have been reported in healthy subjects and may also contribute to the weaker correlation in this subgroup (21,22).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [21] Polonsky, 1998, Temporal profiles and clinical significance of pulsatile insulin secretion., Horm Res source
- Supportedcites [22] Polonsky, 1988, Twenty-four-hour profiles and pulsatile patterns of insulin secretion in normal and obese subjects., J Clin Invest source
The Discussion ('O Normal') describes rapid insulin pulsations in the 10–14-minute range and slower ultradian oscillations of 1–3 hours. It presents the slower oscillations in normal subjects as a finding of this study and reports the rapid pulsations from earlier studies, supporting the claim that both have been reported in healthy subjects. (LLM, conf=0.93)
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Alternatively, periodic oscillations in insulin secretion (both ultradian and 10-to 15-min periods) have been reported in healthy subjects and may also contribute to the weaker correlation in this subgroup (21,22).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [21] Polonsky, 1998, Temporal profiles and clinical significance of pulsatile insulin secretion., Horm Res source
- Partly supportedcites [22] Polonsky, 1988, Twenty-four-hour profiles and pulsatile patterns of insulin secretion in normal and obese subjects., J Clin Invest sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The discussion (section “O Normal”; page not provided) reports ultradian insulin-secretion oscillations in normal subjects and describes rapid 10–14-minute pulsations. It does not examine QUICKI, clamp-derived insulin sensitivity, or whether oscillations weaken the correlation between them in a nonobese subgroup. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We obtained correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity from glucose clamp studies (SI Clamp ) and minimal model analysis (SI MM ) that were com-parable to previous reports (r ϭ 0.57).”
- Also stated in: § Correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity · plain
“The overall correlation coefficient (r) calculated from a linear least squares regression was 0.57 (P Ͻ 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 ).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, linear regression analysis for the subgroups revealed that the regression line for the diabetic and obese subgroups had a very different slope than that for the nonobese group.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesThe quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When correlations between QUICKI and SI Clamp were calculated for each group separately, we found that r ϭ 0.49 for nonobese subjects (P Ͻ 0.01), r ϭ 0.89 for obese subjects (P Ͻ 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 ), and r ϭ 0.7 for diabetic subjects (P Ͻ 4 ϫ 10 Ϫ3 ).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Reassuringly, in these independent studies, we found that the overall correlation between QUICKI and SI Clamp was similar to that in our original analysis (r ϭ 0.77; P Ͻ 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ11 ).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesThe quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Both obese and diabetic subjects had significantly greater BMIs and fasting insulin levels than the nonobese subjects (P Ͻ 6 ϫ 10 Ϫ6 ), consistent with the presence of obesity and insulin resistance.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Study subjects
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This analysis yielded r ϭ 0.74 for obese subjects (n ϭ 21) and r ϭ 0.91 for nonobese subjects (n ϭ 14), with an overall correlation coefficient of r ϭ 0.90 (n ϭ 35).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the correlation coefficient for the nonobese subgroup was 0.49, and the greatest variability in the correlation between QUICKI and SI Clamp was observed among the most insulin-sensitive subjects.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As expected, the fasting glucose levels for both nonobese and obese groups were normal, whereas the diabetic group had elevated levels.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Study subjects
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similar to our results from glucose clamp studies (and in contrast to minimal model results), insulin sensitivity as assessed by QUICKI was highest in the nonobese group, intermediate in the obese group, and lowest in the diabetic group.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes and is associated with obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors.”
- Also stated in: § I NSULIN IS · plain
“plays an important pathophysiological role in diabetes (1,2).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] 1988, Lilly lecture 1987. The triumvirate: β-cell, muscle, liver. A collusion responsible for NIDDM., Diabetes
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [2] DeFronzo, 1992, Pathogenesis of NIDDM. A balanced overview., Diabetes Care source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
- Also stated in: § I NSULIN IS · plain
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Steady state conditions were generally achieved about 2 h after the initiation of each study and were maintained for at least 60 min.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Glucose clamp studies
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The overall correlation we obtained between SI Clamp and SI MM was comparable to previous reports whose study subjects included diabetics, suggesting that our studies were technically adequate.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Glucose clamp and minimal model estimates of insulin sensitivity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, QUICKI provides a reproducible and robust estimate of insulin sensitivity, because equally strong correlations with SI Clamp were obtained when fasting data from either the glucose clamp or FSIVGTT studies were used to calculate QUICKI.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, this effect is unlikely to be occurring in our studies, because fasting samples were obtained at the same time in the morning for each subject, and calculating QUICKI from the average of several blood samples (instead of a single sample) did not significantly affect our correlations.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > QUICKI
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, in analyzing an independent dataset, we observed very similar correlations between QUICKI and SI Clamp , strongly suggesting that QUICKI is a robust index of insulin sensitivity.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Relative merits of QUICKI
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The inability of the minimal model to identify meaningful values for SI MM in a large fraction of our diabetic subjects is consistent with the experience of others and is most likely related to well described difficulties in estimating SI MM under conditions of inadequate insulin secretion (12).”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Glucose clamp and minimal model estimates of insulin sensitivity
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [12] Saad, 1994, A comparison between the minimal model and the glucose clamp in the assessment of insulin sensitivity across the spectrum of glucose tolerance. Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study., Diabetes source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Studies in the same subject were performed at least 1 week apart, and the order of the studies was randomized.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Subjects and Methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We conclude that QUICKI is an index of insulin sensitivity obtained from a fasting blood sample that may be useful for clinical research.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“QUICKI is a novel, simple, accurate, and reproducible method for determining insulin sensitivity in humans that may be a useful tool in large epidemiological investigations that study the role of insulin resistance in the pathophysiology of important public health problems such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Relative merits of QUICKI
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Potential limitations to QUICKI include difficulty in applying it to subjects with type 1 diabetes who lack endogenous insulin secretion.”
§ Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A Simple, Accurate Method for Assessing Insulin Sensitivity In Humans > Relative merits of QUICKI
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
The glucose clamp is the gold standard method for directly measuring insulin sensitivity in vivo.
“Although the glucose clamp is considered to be the gold standard method for directly measuring insulin sensitivity in vivo, it can be implemented in a number of different ways.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The distribution of fasting insulin values is skewed.
“One rational for these transformations is the fact that the distribution of fasting insulin values is skewed.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A recent placebo-controlled trial of ursodiol in NASH found that a proportion of patients receiving placebo had decreases in steatosis, but that improvements in inflammation and cell injury were uncommon.30”
From A pilot study of pioglitazone treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (2004) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“ndirect estimates of insulin resistance, such as HOMA-IR 63 and QUICKI, 64 are derived from fasting S-insulin and glucose concentrations and have been widely used in both nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects as surrogates of insulin sensitivity.65,66”
From Increased liver fat, impaired insulin clearance, and hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. (2008) · cites this paper as [64]
Citations
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The Triumvirate: β-Cell, Muscle, Liver: A Collusion Responsible for NIDDM
DeFronzo, R. A. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.6.667 · Cited by 2,456
Pathogenesis of NIDDM. A balanced overview.
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Toward Physiological Understanding of Glucose Tolerance: Minimal-Model Approach
Bergman, R. N. (1989) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.38.12.1512 · Cited by 1,001
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The α2B adrenergic receptor deletion/insertion polymorphism in morbid obesity
Sykiotis, G. P., Polyzogopoulou, E., Georgopoulos, N. A., et al. (2003) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-003-0087-5 · Cited by 14
“This estimate of insulin sensitivity is reliable and correlates highly with the hyperinsulinemic isoglycemic glucose clamp, especially in obese subjects [17].”
ResultValéro, R., Lorec, A., Paganelli, F. F., Béliard, S., Atlan, C., Lairon, D., Vialettes, B., & Portugal, H. (2005) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2005.05.008 · Cited by 14
“The QUICKI index was determined by the logarithmic transformation: 1/(log plasma insulin [AU/mL] + log plasma glucose [mg/dL]) as described by Katz et al [25].”
MethodSchrank, Y., Fontes, R. G., Perozo, A. F. D. F., Araújo, P. B., Pinheiro, M. F. M. C., Gomes, D. M. V., & Vieira, L. M. F. (2024) · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.20945/2359-4292-2023-0483 · Cited by 13
Moriyama, K. (2025) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v13.i29.108380 · Cited by 26
Grangeiro, É. D., Trigueiro, M. S., Siais, L. D. O., Paiva, H. M., Sola‐Penna, M., Alves, M. R., & Rosado, E. L. (2021) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d1fo00484k · Cited by 13
Saphyakhajorn, W., Sirirat, R., & Sapwarobol, S. (2022) · BMC Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s40795-022-00586-9 · Cited by 13
“QUICKI = 1/ [log(fasting insulin) + log(fasting glucose)] [19, 20].”
Kuker, A. P., Shen, W., Jin, Z., Chen, J., Bruce, J. N., & Freda, P. U. (2023) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvad028 · Cited by 12
Cho, Y., Chang, Y., Ryu, S., Kim, C., Wild, S. H., & Byrne, C. D. (2023) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000002250 · Cited by 15
“This index has been shown to signi fi cantly correlate with a measure of whole-body insulin sensitivity as determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glycemic clamp in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects (47,48).”
BackgroundNikrad, N., Shakarami, A., Tousi, A. Z., Farhangi, M. A., Ardekani, A. M., & Jafarzadeh, F. (2023) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12902-023-01392-5 · Cited by 13
“5 [45], and the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) was calculated using the following formula: 1/[log fasting insulin (U/mL) + log glucose (mmol/L) [46, 47].”
MethodChemerin as a Driver of Cardiovascular Diseases: New Perspectives and Future Directions
Imiela, A. M., Stępnicki, J., Zawadzka, P. S., Bursa, A., & Pruszczyk, P. (2025) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines13061481 · Cited by 16
“The Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) is com-Biomedicines monly used to assess insulin resistance [107,108].”
Which metabolic syndrome criteria best predict non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children?
Atabek, M. E., Eklioğlu, B. S., & Akyürek, N. (2014) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-014-0129-0 · Cited by 13
“QUICK-I was calculated as 1/[(log fasting insulin concentration (lU/mL) ? log fasting glucose concentration (mg/dL)] [11].”
MethodLancha, A., López-Garrido, S., Rodrı́guez, A., Catalán, V., Ramírez, B., Valentí, V., Moncada, R., Silva, C., Gil, M. J., Salvador, J., et al. (2014) · Archives of Medical Research · doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.12.003 · Cited by 13
Ferrante, E., Malavazos, A. E., Giavoli, C., Ermetici, F., Coman, C., Bergamaschi, S., Profka, E., Briganti, S., Ronchi, C. L., Passeri, E., et al. (2011) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2011.09.001 · Cited by 13
SREBF1 gene variations modulate insulin sensitivity in response to a fish oil supplementation
Bouchard‐Mercier, A., Rudkowska, I., Lemieux, S., Couture, P., Përusse, L., & Vohl, M. (2014) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/1476-511x-13-152 · Cited by 14
“The QUICKI index indicated a probable borderline insulin resistance state among these participants [39,41,54].”
BackgroundMethodRamos, R. B., Wiltgen, D., & Spritzer, P. M. (2013) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-13-0105 · Cited by 13
Vanhala, M. J., Kumpula, L. S., Soininen, P., et al. (2011) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-10-1065 · Cited by 13
Jelínek, D., Castillo, J., Richardson, L. M., et al. (2012) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.112.162818 · Cited by 13
“7 Abbreviations used: HFD+0.02C, high-fat diet with 0.02% cholesterol; HOMA-b%, homeostasis model assessment–b cell function percentile; LD-FBS, lipid-deficient FBS; LFD+0.00C, low-fat diet with 0.00% cholesterol; LFD+0.10C, low-fat diet with 0.10% cholesterol; LFD+1.00C, low-fat diet with 1.00% cholesterol; m, mature…”
MethodInfluentialБарбараш, О. Л., Gruzdeva, O. V., Учасова, Е. Г., Belik, E. V., Dyleva, Y. A., & Каретникова, В. Н. (2017) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms.2017.65240 · Cited by 13
“007 correspond to moderate and severe tissue insulin resistance, respectively [12].”
BackgroundInsulin resistance in a cohort of 5–15 year old children in urban Sri Lanka
Wickramasinghe, P., Arambepola, C., Bandara, P., Abeysekera, M., Kuruppu, S., Dilshan, P., & Dissanayake, B. S. (2017) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2658-x · Cited by 13
“QUICKI was calculated as 1/(log fasting insulin (U/l) + log fasting glucose (mg/dl)) [19].”
Tura, A., Bizzotto, R., Yamada, Y., Seino, Y., Pacini, G., & Åhrén, B. (2018) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00181.2017 · Cited by 13
“DIRKO, double incretin receptor knockout mice; AUC, area-under-the-curve; KG, glucose tolerance index; QUICKI, basal insulin sensitivity; CSI, dynamic insulin sensitivity; CLINS(1st-phase), first phase insulin clearance; CLINS(2nd-phase), second phase insulin clearance, NS, not a statistically significant difference.”
MethodDahan, M. H., Abbasi, F., & Reaven, G. M. (2019) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-019-01014-9 · Cited by 13
Kras, K. A., Hoffman, N., Roust, L. R., Benjamin, T. R., Filippis, E. A. D., & Katsanos, C. S. (2018) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001812 · Cited by 13
“FFM, fat-free mass; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; Matsuda-ISI, Matsuda insulin-sensitivity index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.”
InfluentialPetrisko, M., Kloss, R., Bradley, P., Birrenkott, E., Spindler, A. A., Clayton, Z. S., & Kern, M. (2020) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2019.0266 · Cited by 14
“Insulin sensitivity was calculated using the QUICKI method, as previously described.(32)”
MethodMetformin use in prediabetes: is earlier intervention better?
Warrilow, A., Somerset, S. M., Pumpa, K. L., & Fleet, R. (2020) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-020-01559-9 · Cited by 13
“Mean QUICKI scores for the metformin sub-cohorts were mostly stable over the 4 years of the study (Table 2).”
MethodInfluentialInsulin Resistance as a Diagnostic Criterion for Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Children
Nso‐Roca, A. P., Cortés-Castell, E., Carratalá-Marco, F., & Sánchez-Ferrer, F. (2021) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000003097 · Cited by 13
“A HOMA value above the 90th percentile was considered pathological for our reference population since it is the cut-off point most closely associated with cardiovascular risk (26,27).”
BackgroundLeite, N., Tadiotto, M. C., Corazza, P. R. P., de Menezes-Junior, F. J., Carli, M. E. C., Milano, G. E., Lopes, W. A., Gaya, A. R., Brand, C., Mota, J. A. P. S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-021-01699-x · Cited by 13
Roškarić, P., Šperanda, M., Mašek, T., Verbanac, D., & Starčević, K. (2021) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox10122005 · Cited by 15
“Insulin sensitivity was assessed as insulin concentration and insulin ensitivity indices, HOMA-IR, and QUICKI (C).”
MethodInfluentialPardo, Z., Seiquer, I., Lachica, M., Nieto, R., Lara, L., & Fernández-Fígares, I. (2022) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103230 · Cited by 13
Pérez-Castro, E., Godínez-Jaimes, F., Vázquez‐Medina, M. U., Ocharan-Hernández, M. E., & Vargas‐De‐León, C. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10963-w · Cited by 13
Singh, P. K., Naithani, M., Pathania, M., Mirza, A. A., & Saha, S. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.27123 · Cited by 13
Shashikadze, B., Valla, L., Lombardo, S. D., Prehn, C. P., Haid, M., Riols, F., Stöckl, J. B., Elkhateib, R., Renner, S., Rathkolb, B., et al. (2023) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101768 · Cited by 13
“The ‘QUantitative Insulin sensitivity ChecK’ (QUICKI) index [40] was calculated with the formula: QUICKI 1⁄4 1/[log(insulin (mU/L)) þ log(glucose (mg/dL))].”
MethodThe effect of early-life stress and chronic high-sucrose diet on metabolic outcomes in female rats
Maniam, J., Antoniadis, C. P., & Morris, M. J. (2015) · Stress · doi:10.3109/10253890.2015.1079617 · Cited by 13
“QUICKI1⁄4 1/ [log(I) + log(G)] where I is the fasting plasma insulin concentration and G is the fasting glucose concentration (Katz et al., 2000).”
BackgroundGesteiro, E., Bastida, S., & Sánchez-Muniz, F. J. (2013) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-013-1959-x · Cited by 13
Aguiar, E. J., Morgan, P. J., Collins, C. E., Plotnikoff, R. C., & Callister, R. (2015) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2015.01.017 · Cited by 13
Sobngwi, E., Kengne, A. P., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Choukem, S. P., Sobngwi-Tambekou, J. L., Balti, E. V., Pearce, M. S., Siaha, V., Mamdjokam, A. S., Effoe, V. S., et al. (2014) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/1472-6823-14-65 · Cited by 13
“Significant kappa statistic were observed in the overall sample and in men for QUICKI vs. Clamp [kappa 0.24 (95% CI: 0.09-0.42) and 0.27 (0.05-0.46)], and for glucose/insulin ratio vs. clamp [0.26 (0.09-0.42) and 0.30 (0.08-0.51)]; but not in women, or for other fasting indices (Table 3).”
MethodInfluentialMartins, C. S., Fernandes-Rosa, F. L., Espineira, A. R., et al. (2014) · Growth Hormone & IGF Research · doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2014.04.005 · Cited by 12
“Biochemical variables included fasting glucose, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment— Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) [14], quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) [15], high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, IGF1 and fibrinogen levels.”
MethodLi, L., Han, J., Mao, J., et al. (2013) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20123548 · Cited by 13
松嶋, 由., Takeshita, Y., Kita, Y., Otoda, T., Kato, K., Wakakuri, H., Akahori, H., Shimizu, A., Hamaguchi, E., Nishimura, Y., et al. (2016) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000190 · Cited by 13
“To assess basic insulin secretion by β cells, CPR index (CPI), homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β), secretory unit of islet in transplantation index (SUIT index) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), were calculated as follows: CPI= (100×fasting CPR (ng/mL))/ FPG (mg/dL)),(13) HOMA-β=(IRI (IU/…”
MethodPulido‐Moran, M., Bullón, P., Morillo, J. M., Battino, M. A., Quiles, J. L., & Ramírez-Tortosa, M. C. (2017) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.01.023 · Cited by 13
“Hence, the aims of this study were to find out some correlation among dietary intake with insulin resistance in middle-aged Spanish patients with periodontitis, and to demonstrate some relationship between insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR and QUICKI indices, and the periodontal status in the same study populati…”
MethodInfluentialLiu, Y., Yuan, J., Xiang, L., Zhao, Y., Niu, M., Dai, X., & Chen, H. (2017) · EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS · doi:10.1538/expanim.17-0010 · Cited by 16
“Insulin sensitivity was calculated as follows [13]: 1 / [(log (fasting insulin concentration (μU/ml)) + log (fasting glucose concentration (mg/dL))]”
MethodTrefz, F. M., Lorenz, I., & Constable, P. D. (2017) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2017-12690 · Cited by 13
“The QUICKI was calculated as follows (Katz et al., 2000; Muniyappa et al., 2008): QUICKI = 1/ {log10 [BaselineInsulin (μIU/mL)] + log10 [BaselineGlucose (mg/dL)]}.”
MethodAbbasi, F., Silvers, A., Viren, J., & Reaven, G. M. (2017) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.11.021 · Cited by 14
Hanafy, A. S., & Elkattawy, H. A. (2018) · Clinical Diabetes · doi:10.2337/cd17-0099 · Cited by 13
“339 indicates reduced insulin sensitivity (27)”
Safarpour, P., Vafa, M., Amiri, F., Janani, L., Noorbakhsh, M., Nikoo, E. R., & Sadeghi, H. (2018) · Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · doi:10.14196/mjiri.32.34 · Cited by 13
“Since the primary outcomes of this study were serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) we calculated the sample size using insulin resistance index based on Baziar and coworkers’ study (23).”
MethodMcilroy, G. D., Mitchell, S. E., Han, W., Delibegović, M., & Rochford, J. J. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36078-9 · Cited by 13
Yari, Z., Naser-Nakhaee, Z., Karimi‐Shahrbabak, E., Cheraghpour, M., Hedayati, M., Mohaghegh, S. M., Ommi, S., & Hekmatdoost, A. (2021) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-020-00619-y · Cited by 13
Chen, G., Liu, C., Chen, F., Yao, J. Y., Jiang, Q., Chen, N., Huang, H., Liang, J., Li, L., & Li, L. (2011) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02653.x · Cited by 13
Magge, S. N., Stettler, N., Jawad, A. F., & Katz, L. E. L. (2008) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.09.055 · Cited by 13
Insulin sensitivity in normocalcaemic primary hyperparathyroidism
Tassone, F., Maccario, M., Gianotti, L., Baffoni, C., Pellegrino, M., Cassibba, S., Cesario, F., Magro, G. G., & Borretta, G. (2013) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-013-0059-z · Cited by 13
Ethnicity and Weight Status Affect the Accuracy of Proxy Indices of Insulin Sensitivit
Alvarez, J. A., Bush, N. C., Hunter, G. R., Brock, D. W., & Gower, B. A. (2008) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2008.437 · Cited by 13
“DSAT, deep subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; FGIR, fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IAAT, intra-abdominal adipose tissue; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; SAAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; SI, insulin sensitivity index;…”
MethodInfluentialChoi, I. K., Kim, D. H., & Kim, H.-S. (2005) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-005-1643-x · Cited by 14
“78) with insulin sensitivity has been developed from the glucose clamp technique [16, 18,19].”
MethodMetoprolol Succinate, a Selective β‐Adrenergic Blocker, Has No Effect on Insulin Sensitivity
Falkner, B. E., Francos, G. C., & Kushner, H. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/j.1524-6175.2006.05247.x · Cited by 13
Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Children Referred to an Obesity Center
Rotteveel, J., Felius, A., van Weissenbruch, M. M., & de Waal, H. A. D. (2010) · Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1515/jpem.2010.151 · Cited by 13
Betaine Resolves Severe Alcohol-Induced Hepatitis and Steatosis Following Liver Transplantation
Samara, K., Liu, C., Soldevila‐Pico, C., et al. (2006) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-006-8038-3 · Cited by 13
“The patient had impaired insulin sensitivity using the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (16).”
MethodHambre, D., Vergara, M., Lood, Y., Bachrach‐Lindström, M., Lindström, T., & Nyström, F. H. (2012) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.3109/00365513.2012.698021 · Cited by 13
Adiponectin is related to intramyocellular lipid content in non-diabetic adults
Godoy‐Matos, A. F., Bahia, L., Domingues, R. C., Sicuro, F. L., Tambascia, M. A., Geloneze, B., Kraemer‐Aguiar, L. G., & Bouskela, E. (2009) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/bf03346608 · Cited by 13
Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity during Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Korean Lean Elderly Women
Kim, J., Choi, S., Kong, B., Oh, Y.-S., & Shinn, S.-H. (2001) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2001.16.5.592 · Cited by 13
“We also adopted Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI=1/[log (fasting plasma insulin ( U/mL)) +log (FPG (mg/dL))]) as an another index of insulin sensitivity (9).”
MethodSuppression of FoxO1 Activity by Long-Chain Fatty Acyl Analogs
Zatara, G., Hertz, R., Shaked, M., Mayorek, N., Morad, E., Grad, E., Cahan, A., Danenberg, H. D., Unterman, T. G., & Bar‐Tana, J. (2011) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db11-0248 · Cited by 13
Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Childhood
Pastucha, D., Malinčíková, J., Hyjánek, J., Horáková, D., Čížek, L., Janoutová, G., & Janout, V. (2007) · Central European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.21101/cejph.a3437 · Cited by 13
“(4) QUICKI=1 / log insulin fasting (μIU/ml) + log glycemia fasting (mg/100 ml) or”
BackgroundTang, L., Lü, Q., Cao, H., Qiu, Y., & Tong, N. (2016) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.035 · Cited by 13
“, 1985) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (Katz et al., 2000) methods are commonly used for insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, respectively.”
MethodHussain, M., Jangorbhani, M., Schuette, S. A., et al. (2013) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2013.0151 · Cited by 13
Self-citationFoss‐Freitas, M. C., & Foss, M. C. (2004) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2004000500006 · Cited by 14
“However, since these methods are not easily applied in largescale or routine clinical investigations, several simpler methods have been recently proposed, such as HOMA and QUICKI estimates (17,19).”
MethodInfluentialMethods for quantifying insulin resistance in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients
Chu, J. W., Abbasi, F., Beatty, G. W., Khalili, M., Koch, J., Rosen, A. A., Schmidt, J. M., Stansell, J., & Reaven, G. M. (2003) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(03)00056-8 · Cited by 13
Koh, K. K., Oh, P. C., Sakuma, I., Lee, Y., Han, S. H., & Shin, E. K. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.038 · Cited by 11
Akyürek, N., Atabek, M. E., Eklioglu, B. S., & Alp, H. (2015) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-015-1098-4 · Cited by 12
“QUICKI was calculated as 1/[log fasting insulin concentration (lU/mL) ? log fasting glucose concentration (mg/dL)] [16].”
Anastasiou, E., Vasileiou, V., Athanasiadou, A., Stavrianos, C., Saltiki, K., & Alevizaki, M. K. (2010) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2010.08.024 · Cited by 12
“[15] Katz A, Nambi SS, Mather K, Baron AD, Follmann DA, Sullivan G, et al.”
BackgroundFat accumulation in liver and muscle : association with adipokines and risk of cardiovascular events
Pisto, P. (2013) · Cited by 12
Keathley, J., Kearney, M., Garneau, V., de Toro‐Martín, J., Varin, T. V., Pilon, G., Couture, P., Marette, A., Vohl, M., & Couillard, C. (2022) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2021-0637 · Cited by 13
Backes, A., Aguayo, G., Collings, P. J., Fatouhi, D. E., Fagherazzi, G., Malisoux, L., ORISCAV-LUX Study Group, Alkerwi, A., Noppe, S., Delagardelle, C., et al. (2022) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-022-00541-9 · Cited by 12
“The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (Quicki) was calculated using the following equation: 1/ (log (fasting insulin (μU/mL or mU/L) + log (fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)) [11].”
MethodCalderón-DuPont, D., Romero-Cordoba, S. L., Tello, J. K., Espinosa, A., Guerrero, B., Contreras, A. V., Morán‐Ramos, S., & Díaz‐Villaseñor, A. (2023) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2023.116428 · Cited by 12
Alogliptin: a DPP-4 inhibitor modulating adipose tissue insulin resistance and atherogenic lipid
Kutoh, E., Kuto, A. N., Akiyama, M., Ozawa, E., & Kurihara, R. (2023) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-023-03506-3 · Cited by 13
Šebeková, K., Staruchová, M., Mišľanová, C., Líšková, A., Horváthová, M., Tulinská, J., Mikušová, M. L., Szabová, M., Gurecká, R., Koborová, I., et al. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12061221 · Cited by 13
“The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP = log (TAG/HDL-C) [72] and the insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) [73] were calculated.”
MethodŞendur, S. N., Atici, K. I., Turan-Demirci, B., et al. (2023) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2023.0054 · Cited by 12
“5,6 Both methods require only measuring plasma glucose and plasma insulin concentrations in a morning fasting sample.”
Adiponectin concentration in plasma is associated with muscle fiber size in healthy middle-aged men
Pisto, P., Santaniemi, M., Turpeinen, J.-P., Ukkola, O. H., & Kesäniemi, Y. A. (2012) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.3109/00365513.2012.687759 · Cited by 12
Saxagliptin improves glucose tolerance but not survival in a murine model of dilated cardiomyopathy
Vyas, A. K., Aerni-Flessner, L. B., Payne, M., Kovács, A. D., Jay, P. Y., & Hruz, P. W. (2012) · Cardiovascular Endocrinology · doi:10.1097/xce.0b013e32835bfb24 · Cited by 12
Kanaley, J. A., Goulopoulou, S., Franklin, R. M., Baynard, T., Carhart, R. L., Weinstock, R. S., & Fernhall, B. (2012) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.07.014 · Cited by 12
“Insulin sensitivity was calculated using the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) equation [31] and insulin resistance using the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) [32].”
BackgroundMethodRimbert, V., Vidal, H., Duché, P., Debard, C., Giraudet, C., Boirie, Y., Chardigny, J., & Morio, B. (2009) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.07.059 · Cited by 12
Brufani, C., Grossi, A., Fintini, D., Fiori, R., Ubertini, G., Colabianchi, D., Ciampalini, P., Tozzi, A. E., Barbetti, F., & Cappa, M. (2008) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000161865 · Cited by 12
Zamora‐Ginez, I., Pérez-Fuentes, R., Báez-Duarte, B. G., Revilla, M., Brambila, E., & Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes (2012) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.3109/03014460.2011.645507 · Cited by 12
“QUICKI was calculated as 1/[log (fasting insulin) þ log (fasting glucose)] (Katz et al. 2000).”
MethodRole of omentin-1 and C-reactive protein in obese subjects with subclinical inflammation
Alissa, E. M., Al-Salmi, M. M., Alama, N., & Ferns, G. A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.jcte.2015.12.001 · Cited by 12
“Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was calculated by (QUICKI = 1/ [log (fasting insulin) + log (fasting glucose)] [14].”
MethodXiang, H., Yang, C., Xiang, T., Wang, Z., Ge, X., Li, F., Su, Y., Chen, H., Huang, X., & Zeng, Q. (2016) · Stem Cells Translational Medicine · doi:10.5966/sctm.2015-0144 · Cited by 12
Park, B. H., Yoon, J. M., Kim, J. H., et al. (2017) · Yonsei Medical Journal · doi:10.3349/ymj.2017.58.4.756 · Cited by 12
groups, O. B. O. T. Y. A. S.-D. S., Tabesh, M., Callegari, E. T., Gorelik, A., Garland, S. M., Nankervis, A. J., Subasinghe, A. K., & Wark, J. D. (2018) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0086-1 · Cited by 12
“Homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homoeostatic model assessment of beta cell function (HOMA-B) and QUICKI were calculated according to standard equations [21, 22].”
MethodSimões, N. F., Domingos, A. L. G., de Oliveira, F. L. P., Caldas, I. S., Guedes, M. R., Fajardo, V. C., & de Freitas, S. N. (2018) · Nutrire · doi:10.1186/s41110-018-0060-7 · Cited by 12
“The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was obtained by the equation QUICKI = 1/log (fasting insulin) + log (fasting glucose) [30].”
MethodFiorentino, T. V., Succurro, E., Arturi, F., et al. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32108-8 · Cited by 12
Kindler, J. M., Laing, E. M., Liu, W., Dain, J. A., & Lewis, R. D. (2019) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.3727 · Cited by 12
“The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) were then calculated.((15,16)) Higher”
Garcés, M. F., Buell‐Acosta, J. D., Rodríguez‐Navarro, H. A., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77961-8 · Cited by 11
LEAP‐2/ghrelin interplay in adult growth hormone deficiency: Cause or consequence? A pilot study
Vergani, E., Bruno, C., Gavotti, C., Aversa, L. S., Martire, M. S., Mancini, A., & Currò, D. (2021) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1002/iub.2504 · Cited by 11
“QUICKI index was calculated according to the formula 1/log [fasting insulin (μUI/ml)] + log [fasting glucose (mg/dl)].(30) For plasma evaluation, the blood samples collected into pyrogen-free tubes containing heparin were centrifuged within 1 hr at 4,000 rpm for 15 min; separate plasma aliquots were stored at 80 C unt…”
MethodLotankar, M., Mokkala, K., Houttu, N., Koivuniemi, E., Sørensen, N., Nielsen, H. B., Munukka, E., Lahti, L., & Laitinen, K. (2022) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.00893-21 · Cited by 14
Salavatizadeh, M., Soltanieh, S., Poustchi, H., Yari, Z., Shabanpur, M., Mansour, A., Khamseh, M. E., Alaei-Shahmiri, F., & Hekmatdoost, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.1037851 · Cited by 12
Zieleniak, A., Żurawska-Kliś, M., Cypryk, K., Woźniak, L. A., & Wójcik, M. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232314677 · Cited by 14
“The QUICKI-IS was calculated using the following formula [75]:”
MethodMakiel, K., Suder, A., Targosz, A., Maciejczyk, M., Kozioł-Kozakowska, A., & Haim, A. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12082822 · Cited by 14
“The favourable influence of aerobic and combined aerobic-resistance training was also confirmed on the insulin resistance index QUICKI whose changes were significantly related to changes occurring in LEP.”
MethodInfluentialMetabolic Syndrome Screening and Nutritional Status of Patients with Psoriasis: A Scoping Review
Haris, N. H. M., Krishnasamy, S., Chin, K., Mariappan, V., & Arumugam, M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15122707 · Cited by 13
Association of thyroid hormones with obesity and metabolic syndrome in Japanese children
Minami, Y., Takaya, R., Takitani, K., Ishiro, M., Okasora, K., Niegawa, T., & Tamai, H. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition · doi:10.3164/jcbn.15-24 · Cited by 12
No association between insulin resistance and preeclampsia
Salamalekis, E., Vitoratos, N., Makrakis, E., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767050500232623 · Cited by 12
Fujii, T. M. D. M., Jacob, P., Yamada, M., Borges, M. C., Norde, M. M., Pantaleão, L. C., de Oliveira, D. M., Tirapegui, J., de Castro, I. A., Borelli, P., et al. (2014) · International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition · doi:10.3109/09637486.2014.945153 · Cited by 12
“The Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) was used as an indicator of insulin sensitivity, which is calculated as QUICKI¼ 1/[log (fasting insulin mU/mL) + log (fasting glucose mg/dL)] (Katz et al., 2010).”
MethodKristensen, D. L., Prats, C., Larsen, S., Ara, I., Dela, F., & Helge, J. W. (2012) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-012-0379-0 · Cited by 12
“The Quicki insulin index [16] was calculated as”
MethodDietary, Lifestyle, and Health Correlates of Overweight and Obesity in Adults 19 to 39 Years of Age
O’Neil, C. E., Deshmukh-Taskar, P., Mendoza, J. A., Nicklas, T. A., Liu, Y., Relyea, G. E., & Berenson, G. S. (2011) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827611404923 · Cited by 12
Zhang, Y., Rodrigues, E., Li, G., Gao, Y., King, M. A., Carter, C. S., Tümer, N., Cheng, K., & Scarpace, P. J. (2011) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07633.x · Cited by 11
“a-MSH, a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; AgRP, agouti-related protein; ARC, arcuate nucleus; BAT, brown adipose tissue; GFP, green fluorescent protein; MC, melanocortin; MC3R, melanocortin 3 receptor; MC4R, melanocortin 4 receptor; MTII, melanotan II; NTS, nucleus of the solitary track; PACC, phosphorylated acetyl-CoA…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIJzerman, R. G., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Serné, E. H., Voordouw, J. J., Smulders, Y. M., de Waal, H. A. D., & van Weissenbruch, M. M. (2008) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-08-0699 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Katz, A., Nambi, S. S., Mather, K., Baron, A. D., Follmann, D. A., Sullivan, G., & Quon, M. J.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2000-07-01
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2402-2410
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2126327417
- Cited by
- 3,931
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 97 · 2025: 129 · 2024: 142 · 2023: 174 · 2022: 188 · 2021: 173 · 2020: 184 · 2019: 145 · 2018: 153 · 2017: 174 · 2016: 170 · 2015: 164 · 2014: 184 · 2013: 219 · 2012: 169
- FWCI
- 33.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Keywords
- QUICKI, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, glucose clamp, minimal model analysis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance index
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Obesity, Glucose Clamp Technique
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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