Neural induction: old problem, new findings, yet more questions
Open accessAbstract
During neural induction, the embryonic neural plate is specified and set aside from other parts of the ectoderm. A popular molecular explanation is the`default model' of neural induction, which proposes that ectodermal cells give rise to neural plate if they receive no signals at all, while BMP activity directs them to become epidermis. However, neural induction now appears to be more complex than once thought, and can no longer be fully explained by the default model alone. This review summarizes neural induction events in different species and highlights some unanswered questions about this important developmental process.
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The ancestral mode of neural induction is probably not the Bmp-mediated event described for Xenopus and Drosophila.
“We therefore conclude that the ancestral mode of neural induction is probably not the Bmp-mediated event, which was described for Xenopus and Drosophila21.”
From Sequential actions of β-catenin and Bmp pattern the oral nerve net in Nematostella vectensis (2014) · cites this paper as [21]
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Waddington, C. H. and Needham, J. (1936). Evocation and individuation and competence in amphibian organizer action. Proc. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 39, 887-891.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Scratching the surface of skin development
Fuchs, E. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05659 · Cited by 930 · see citing works
“Conversely, the acquisition of neural fate arises when, in the absence of a Wnt signal, the ectoderm is able to receive and translate activating cues by FGFs, which then attenuate BMP signalling through inhibitory cue”
BackgroundKunath, T., Saba-El-Leil, M. K., Almosailleakh, M., Wray, J. P., Meloche, S., & Smith, A. G. (2007) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02880 · Cited by 785 · see citing works
“These ES cell data are consistent with the evidence from chick and Xenopus embryo studies that the anti-neural action of BMP is secondary to FGF action on naïve epiblast (Stern, 2005).”
ResultIntegrating Patterning Signals: Wnt/GSK3 Regulates the Duration of the BMP/Smad1 Signal
Fuentealba, L. C., Eivers, E., Ikeda, A., Hurtado, C., Kuroda, H., Pera, E. M., & Robertis, E. M. D. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.027 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
“Neural tissue can also be induced by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as FGF and IGF receptors via the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (reviewed in Wilson and Edlund, 2001; De Robertis and Kuroda, 2004; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundModeling human cortical development in vitro using induced pluripotent stem cells
Mariani, J., Simonini, M. V., Palejev, D., Tomasini, L., Coppola, G., Szekely, A. M., Horvath, T. L., & Vaccarino, F. M. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1202944109 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
“(16), we have recapitulated this triple inhibition in vitro, and we have added moderate concentrations of FGF2, a molecule that synergizes with the early telencephalic inducers (12, 41).”
BackgroundMolecular Genetics of Axis Formation in Zebrafish
Schier, A. F., & Talbot, W. S. (2005) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143752 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Pax6 is a human neuroectoderm cell fate determinant
Zhang, X., Huang, C. T., Chen, J., Pankratz, M. T., Xi, J., Li, J., Yang, Y., LaVaute, T. M., Li, X.-J., Ayala, M., et al. (2010) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2010.04.017 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
“Since the groundbreaking work by Spemann and Mangold, signaling pathways that lead to NE induction, including BMP inhibition and FGF activation, are now well established (Levine and Brivanlou, 2007; Muñoz-Sanjuán and Brivanlou, 2002; Stern, 2005, 2006).”
Backgroundvan den Brink, S., Baillie‐Johnson, P., Balayo, T., Hadjantonakis, A., Nowotschin, S., Turner, D. A., & Arias, A. M. (2014) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.113001 · Cited by 461 · see citing works
“The latter requires suppression of Nodal, BMP and Wnt signalling (Andoniadou and Martinez-Barbera, 2013; Stern, 2005) and this, in terms of patterning anterior and posterior domains, can only be achieved by a localised source which, in the embryo, is provided by the AVE. Consistent with this,…”
Activin/Nodal signalling maintains pluripotency by controlling Nanog expression
Vallier, L., Mendjan, S., Brown, S. E., Chng, Z., Teo, A. K. K., Smithers, L. E., Trotter, M. W. B., Cho, C. H.-H., Martinez, A., Rugg‐Gunn, P. J., et al. (2009) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.033951 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
“…by FGF2 through mechanisms independent of BMP signalling FGF signalling has been shown to be necessary for inducing neuroectoderm specification in amphibian and chick embryos (Stern, 2005), whereas BMP signalling is known to inhibit the same differentiation (Munoz-Sanjuan and Brivanlou, 2002).”
BackgroundInduction and specification of cranial placodes
Schlosser, G. (2006) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.03.009 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
“Our understanding of neural and neural crest induction has made great advances in the last decade, and several excellent reviews synthesize these issues (Chang and Hemmati-Brivanlou, 1998a; Weinstein and Hemmati-Brivanlou, 1999; Streit and Stern, 1999b; Mayor et al., 1999; Harland, 2000; Wilson and Edlund, 2001; Mayor…”
BackgroundGeneration of vascularized brain organoids to study neurovascular interactions
Sun, X.-Y., Ju, X.-C., Li, Y., Zeng, P.-M., Wu, J., Zhou, Y., Shen, L., Dong, J., Chen, Y., & Luo, Z. (2022) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.76707 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Neuromesodermal progenitors and the making of the spinal cord
Henrique, D., Abranches, E., Verrier, L., & Storey, K. G. (2015) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.119768 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
“Detailed reviews of neural induction are provided elsewhere (Stern, 2005, 2006; Ozair et al., 2013a; Andoniadou and Martinez-Barbera, 2013).”
BackgroundFGF signalling: diverse roles during early vertebrate embryogenesis
Dorey, K., & Amaya, E. (2010) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.037689 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
“Linker, C. and Stern, C. D. (2004).”
InfluentialPankratz, M. T., Li, X.-J., LaVaute, T. M., Lyons, E. A., Chen, X., & Zhang, S. (2007) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1634/stemcells.2006-0707 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
“An alternative hypothesis is the specification of neuroectoderm cells with different rostrocaudal identities by multiple signaling centers [3, 4 ]. Although it is clear that the number of neural stem cells in the developing neural tube decreases with time, it is still not completely understood how these cells are init…”
BackgroundA discrete period of FGF-induced Erk1/2 signalling is required for vertebrate neural specification
Stavridis, M. P., Lunn, J. S., Collins, B., & Storey, K. G. (2007) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02858 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
“Experiments in the early chick embryo also suggest that FGF acts independently of BMP activity in neural induction (see Stern, 2005b).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialInitiation to end point: the multiple roles of fibroblast growth factors in neural development
Mason, I. J. (2007) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2189 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
“, but for some time the role of FGFs was controversia”
BackgroundSmith, J. R., Vallier, L., Lupo, G., Alexander, M., Harris, W. A., & Pedersen, R. A. (2007) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.10.003 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
“Accordingly, it was recently proposed that FGF acts first as a competence factor and then cooperates to inhibit BMP signaling, thereby blocking the negative effect of BMPs on neuroectoderm differentiation (Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundRetinoic acid signaling and neuronal differentiation
Janesick, A., Wu, S. C., & Blumberg, B. (2015) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-014-1815-9 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
“Curiously, this result has not been followed up despite its interest to the field [150].”
BackgroundStem cells, signals and vertebrate body axis extension
Wilson, V., Olivera-Martinez, I., & Storey, K. G. (2009) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.021246 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
“…cell fate in the Xenopus embryo (Delaune et al., 2005; Launay et al., 1996; Linker and Stern, 2004; Sasai et al., 1996), support the idea that high levels of or prolonged exposure to FGF signalling promotes mesoderm formation, whereas low levels elicit a neural fate (reviewed by Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundNeural Subtype Specification from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Tao, Y., & Zhang, S.-C. (2016) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.10.015 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
“This process is triggeredwhen the ‘‘organizer’’ cellsmove underneath the ectoderm and release molecules that inhibit the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling and/or activate the FGF (fibroblast growth factor) pathways (Muñoz-Sanjuán and Brivanlou, 2002; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundSpemann's organizer and self-regulation in amphibian embryos
De Robertis, E. M. (2006) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1855 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Persani, L., Rossetti, R., Pasquale, E. D., Cacciatore, C., & Fabre, S. (2014) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmu036 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Gouti, M., Delile, J., Stamataki, D., Wymeersch, F. J., Huang, Y., Kleinjung, J., Wilson, V. A., & Briscoe, J. (2017) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2017.04.002 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
“FGF has been implicated in both neural and mesodermal induction (Stern, 2005; Naiche et al., 2011; Boulet and Capecchi, 2012), with both T/Bra and Sox2 identified as direct targets (Isaacs et al.”
BackgroundVallier, L., Touboul, T., Chng, Z., Brimpari, M., Hannan, N. R. F., Millan, E. J., Smithers, L. E., Trotter, M. W. B., Rugg‐Gunn, P. J., Weber, A., et al. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006082 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
“While the importance of FGF signalling in neuroectoderm specification has been clearly established in chick and amphibian embryos and in mESCs [21–24], the function of Activin/Nodal in this cell fate choice in vertebrate embryogenesis has only recently been described.”
BackgroundReversade, B., & Robertis, E. M. D. (2005) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.047 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
“During gastrulation, ectodermal cells must choose between two distinct fates: epidermal or neural (Harland, 2000; Munoz-Sanjuan and Brivanlou, 2002; De Robertis and Kuroda , 2004; Stern, 2005).”
Zhu, Q., Song, L., Peng, G., Sun, N., Chen, J., Zhang, T., Sheng, N., Tang, W., Qian, C., Qiao, Y., et al. (2014) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.02224 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Cruz-Molina, S., Respuela, P., Tebartz, C., Kolovos, P., Nikolic, M., Fueyo, R., van Ijcken, W. F. J., Grosveld, F., Frommolt, P., Bazzi, H., et al. (2017) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2017.02.004 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
From Cradle to Grave: The Multiple Roles of Fibroblast Growth Factors in Neural Development
Guillemot, F., & Zimmer, C. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.08.002 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Current perspectives of the signaling pathways directing neural crest induction
Stuhlmiller, T. J., & García‐Castro, M. I. (2012) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-012-0991-8 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
“Studies from these same organisms suggest neural induction also requires BMP inhibition and the activation of FGF/Erk signaling from the blastula to the gastrula stage [114, 131, 132, 168–170] (reviewed by [171]), prompting the question of whether neural and NC cells are initially specified together.”
BackgroundAbsence of Nodal signaling promotes precocious neural differentiation in the mouse embryo
Camus, A., Perea-Gómez, A., Moreau, A., & Collignon, J. (2006) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.03.047 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Cnidarians and the evolutionary origin of the nervous system
Watanabe, H., Fujisawa, T., & Holstein, T. W. (2009) · Development, Growth & Differentiation · doi:10.1111/j.1440-169x.2009.01103.x · Cited by 206 · see citing works
“However, recent studies in other vertebrates, ascidians, hemichordates and annelids have questioned the general notion of Bmp inhibition as a universal mechanism in the first phase of neural induction (Streit and Stern 1999; Darras and Nishida 2001; Stern 2005; Lowe et al. 2006; Denes et al. 2007).”
BackgroundMechanics-guided embryonic patterning of neuroectoderm tissue from human pluripotent stem cells
Xue, X., Sun, Y., Irizarry, A. M. R., Yuan, Y., Yong, K. M. A., Zheng, Y., Weng, S., Shao, Y., Chai, Y., Studer, L., et al. (2018) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/s41563-018-0082-9 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Proposal of a model of mammalian neural induction
Levine, A. J., & Brivanlou, A. H. (2007) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.05.036 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
“In addition to a possible pre-gastrulation role for Nodal signaling, FGF signaling is another important pathway for establishing proper neural induction (reviewed in Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundResultSchlosser, G. (2010) · International review of cytology · doi:10.1016/s1937-6448(10)83004-7 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
The Role of Neurod Genes in Brain Development, Function, and Disease
Tutukova, S., Tarabykin, V. S., & Hernandez-Miranda, L. R. (2021) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2021.662774 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
“These patterning centers produce fibroblast growth factors, bone morphogenetic proteins, retinoids, and Wnt proteins, which are capable to diffuse over long distances to carry out their instructive function (Doniach, 1995; Lumsden and Krumlauf, 1996; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundVieira, M. S., Santos, A. K., Vasconcellos, R., Goulart, V. A. M., Parreira, R. C., Kihara, A. H., Ulrich, H., & Resende, R. R. (2018) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.08.002 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Huang, S., Yao, B., Xie, J., & Fu, X. (2015) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2015.12.039 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Streit, A. (2007) · The International Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.1387/ijdb.072327as · Cited by 186 · see citing works
“Modulation of BMP signalling has been widely implicated in early ectodermal patterning (Wilson, et al., 1997; Marchant, et al., 1998; Barth, et al., 1999; Tribulo, et al., 2003; for review Sasai and De Robertis, 1997; Aybar and Mayor, 2002; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundCytosine-5 RNA Methylation Regulates Neural Stem Cell Differentiation and Motility
Flores, J. V., Cordero-Espinoza, L., Oeztuerk-Winder, F., Andersson-Rolf, A., Selmi, T., Blanco, S., Tailor, J. K., Dietmann, S., & Frye, M. (2016) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.11.014 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
“The first cells committed to a neural fate appear during gastrulation in a single sheet of cells with epithelial features (Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundNotum Is Required for Neural and Head Induction via Wnt Deacylation, Oxidation, and Inactivation
Zhang, X., Cheong, S.-M., Amado, N. G., Reis, A. H., MacDonald, B. T., Zebisch, M., Jones, E. Y., Abreu, J. G., & He, X. (2015) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2015.02.014 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
“, 2007; HeegTruesdell and LaBonne, 2006), but the profound effect of Wnt signaling on dorsal Organizer, which induces neural tissues through secreting BMP antagonists, complicates studies on this issue (Stern, 2005).”
InfluentialFGF signalling controls formation of the apical sensory organ in the cnidarianNematostella vectensis
Rentzsch, F., Fritzenwanker, J. H., Scholz, C. B., & Technau, U. (2008) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.020784 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“FGF signalling is involved in a wide variety of developmental processes in vertebrates and invertebrates (Borland et al., 2001; Bottcher and Niehrs, 2005; Huang and Stern, 2005; Thisse and Thisse, 2005).”
Varum, S., Momčilović, O., Castro, C. A., Ben‐Yehudah, A., Ramalho‐Santos, J., & Navara, C. S. (2009) · Stem Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.scr.2009.07.002 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
“This last result is in accordance with Stern (Stern, 2005) who reported that bFGF plays a crucial role in neuroectoderm specification in amphibian and chick embryos.”
The role of TGF‐β1 during skeletal muscle regeneration
Delaney, K., Kasprzycka, P., Ciemerych, M. A., & Zimowska, M. (2016) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1002/cbin.10725 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
“TGF-b/activin subgroup contains three isoforms of TGF-b (TGF-b1, TGF-b2 and TGF-b3) and activins, that is, activin A and inhibin (Mauviel, 2005; Stern, 2005; Tsumaki and Yoshikawa, 2005; Wan and Cao, 2005; Zimowska, 2006; Makanji et al., 2014).”
BackgroundDevelopment of the hypothalamus: conservation, modification and innovation
Xie, Y., & Dorsky, R. I. (2017) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.139055 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
“During gastrulation, the dorsal axis organizer (dorsal lip of the blastopore in amphibians, shield in teleosts, and Hensen’s node in birds and mammals) secretes Bmp antagonists to induce a neural plate (Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundTurner, D. A., Hayward, P. C., Baillie‐Johnson, P., Rué, P., Broome, R., Faunes, F., & Arias, A. M. (2014) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.112979 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
“By contrast, there is no clear indication of BMP or nodal signalling (supplementary material Fig.”
InfluentialA Mechanism Regulating the Onset of Sox2 Expression in the Embryonic Neural Plate
Papanayotou, C., Mey, A., Birot, A., Saka, Y., Boast, S., Smith, J. C., Samarut, J., & Stern, C. D. (2008) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060002 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
“For example, inhibition of BMP signaling is sufficient to expand the endogenous neural plate laterally (and BMP misexpression to narrow it), but only when the territory is continuous with the embryo’s own neural plate [13,16,17], suggesting that induction of neural markers by certain stimuli in this region requires ce…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationStem-cell-based embryo models for fundamental research and translation
Fu, J., Warmflash, A., & Lütolf, M. P. (2020) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/s41563-020-00829-9 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
BMP signalling inhibits premature neural differentiation in the mouse embryo
Gregorio, A. D., Sancho, M., Stuckey, D. W., Crompton, L., Godwin, J., Mishina, Y. M., & Rodríguez, T. A. (2007) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.005967 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
“D E V E LO P M E N T 3359RESEARCH ARTICLE”
BackgroundNeural induction: 10 years on since the ‘default model’
Stern, C. D. (2006) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2006.09.002 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
“com BMP inhibition possibly constituting a relatively late, maintenance event [3].”
BackgroundSelf-citationNervous System Regionalization Entails Axial Allocation before Neural Differentiation
Metzis, V., Steinhauser, S., Pakanavicius, E., Gouti, M., Stamataki, D., Ivanovitch, K., Watson, T., Rayón, T., Mousavy-Gharavy, S. N., Lovell-Badge, R. H., et al. (2018) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.040 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Establishing the pre-placodal region and breaking it into placodes with distinct identities
Saint‐Jeannet, J., & Moody, S. A. (2014) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.02.011 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
“…while non-neural ectoderm is promoted by BMP and Wnt signaling, and neural ectoderm is promoted by FGF signaling and by antagonizing the BMP and Wnt pathways (Streit et al., 2000; Wilson et al., 2000; DeRobertis and Kuroda, 2004; Stern, 2005, 2006; Levine and Brivanlou, 2007; Rogers et al., 2009).”
BackgroundPasini, A., Amiel, A., Rothbächer, U., Roure, A., Lemaire, P., & Darras, S. (2006) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040225 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
“Moreover, the FGF pathway appears to have a conserved function in both PNS and CNS induction in chordates [55].”
Takemoto, T., Uchikawa, M., Kamachi, Y., & Kondoh, H. (2005) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02196 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
“Recent investigations have indicated that this process is accomplished through a series of interactive steps involving multiple signaling molecules and transcription factors that segregate neural, mesodermal and endodermal lineages (Stern, 2005; Streit and Stern, 1999b; Wilson and Edlund, 2001).”
BackgroundInfluentialBharti, K., Miller, S. S., & Arnheiter, H. (2010) · Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research · doi:10.1111/j.1755-148x.2010.00772.x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
“The choice of these inhibitors is based on the fact that during embryonic development, inhibition of the NODAL, WNT, and BMP pathway is associated with induction of anterior and neuronal fates (Niehrs, 2006; Shen, 2007; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundReversade, B., Kuroda, H., Lee, H. X., Mays, A. N., & Robertis, E. M. D. (2005) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.01901 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
“Inhibition of BMP signaling is required for the initial neural induction in Xenopus (Harland, 2000; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundSpecification of neuronal and glial subtypes from human pluripotent stem cells
Liu, H., & Zhang, S. (2011) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-011-0770-y · Cited by 142 · see citing works
“Activation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and/or inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT) in the ectoderm results in specialization of neuroectoderm, as unveiled in Xenopus and chick embryos [7, 8].”
Hsiao, C., You, M., Guh, Y.-J., Ma, M., Jiang, Y., & Hwang, P. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000302 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
“In vertebrates, the neuromere is patterned by the combination of different signal molecules like wnt, fgf, and bmp along the A/P axis [59,60].”
How do they do Wnt they do?: regulation of transcription by the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway
Archbold, H. C., Yang, Y., Chen, L., & Cadigan, K. M. (2011) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02293.x · Cited by 141 · see citing works
“In Xenopus, low BMP4 signalling and other signals in the dorsal portion of the embryo are required for induction of the neural plate (Stern 2005).”
BackgroundNeural Subtype Specification from Embryonic Stem Cells
Zhang, S. (2006) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2006.00008.x · Cited by 140 · see citing works
“Other Wnts, including Wnt3a, and Wnt5a are involved in the proliferation, survival and maturation of midbrain dopamine neurons (11).”
BackgroundInfluentialHow to make spinal motor neurons
Davis‐Dusenbery, B. N., Williams, L. A., Klim, J. R., & Eggan, K. C. (2014) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.097410 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
“In particular, FGF2 has been shown to promote induction and survival of neural progenitors (Streit et al., 2000; Wilson et al., 2000; Joannides et al., 2007).”
BackgroundNat, R., Nilbratt, M., Narkilahti, S., Winblad, B. G., Hovatta, O., & Nordberg, A. K. (2006) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20463 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
“Similar neuronal population were obtained by Strubing et al. (1995) and Conti et al.”
BackgroundResultA spatial and temporal map of FGF/Erk1/2 activity and response repertoires in the early chick embryo
Lunn, J. S., Fishwick, K. J., Halley, P. A., & Storey, K. G. (2006) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.10.014 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
BMP inhibition initiates neural induction via FGF signaling and Zic genes
Marchal, L., Luxardi, G., Thomé, V., & Kodjabachian, L. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0906352106 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
“N induction is viewed as a decision made by gastrula ectodermal cells between neural and epidermal fates (1, 2).”
BackgroundDual-specificity histone demethylase KIAA1718 (KDM7A) regulates neural differentiation through FGF4
Huang, C., Xiang, Y., Wang, Y., Li, X., Xu, L., Zhu, Z., Zhang, T., Zhu, Q., Zhang, K., Jing, N., et al. (2010) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2010.5 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Fu, J., & Hsu, W. (2012) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2012.407 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
“…download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms *Corresponding Author Phone 585-275-7802 FAX 585-276-0190 Wei_Hsu@urmc.rochester.edu.”
BackgroundTGF-β Family Signaling in Epithelial Differentiation and Epithelial–Mesenchymal TransitionPreprint
Kahata, K., Dadras, M. S., & Moustakas, A. (2017) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a022194 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Vieira, C., Pombero, A., García‐López, R., Gimeno, L., Echevarrı́a, D., & Martı́nez, S. (2009) · The International Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.1387/ijdb.092853cv · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Novel receptor-like kinase ALE2 controls shoot development by specifying epidermis inArabidopsis
Tanaka, H., Watanabe, M., Sasabe, M., Hiroe, T., Tanaka, T., Tsukaya, H., Ikezaki, M., Machida, C., & Machida, Y. (2007) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.003533 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
“Specification of the epidermis requires the activities of: the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway, involving extracellular regulators such as subtilisin-like proteases; BMPs cleaved by the proteases; and receptor kinases (Cui et al., 1998; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundHyvärinen, T., Hyysalo, A., Kapucu, F. E., Aarnos, L., Vinogradov, A., Eglen, S. J., Ylä‐Outinen, L., & Narkilahti, S. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53647-8 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
On the nature and function of organizers
Arias, A. M., & Steventon, B. (2018) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.159525 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
“A possible explanation for these differences might derive not only from a consideration of the role that additional signals might play in the process (Stern, 2005; Wilson and Edlund, 2001) but also from a refocus of the interpretation of these experiments on the competence of the host tissue.”
BackgroundInfluentialA Scaleable and Defined System for Generating Neural Stem Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Joannides, A. J., Fiore, C., Battersby, A., Athauda-Arachchi, P., Bouhon, I. A., Williams, L., Westmore, K., Kemp, P. J., Compston, A., Allen, N. D., et al. (2006) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1634/stemcells.2006-0562 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Ribes, V., Roux, I. L., Rhinn, M., Schuhbaur, B., & Dollé, P. (2009) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.016204 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“These three signalling pathways are used repeatedly during caudal patterning in the neuroepithelium and the mesoderm (Diez del Corral and Storey, 2004; Maden, 2002; OliveraMartinez and Storey, 2007; Stern, 2005), suggesting that they interact differently and use distinct co-factors according to the time and tissue whe…”
BackgroundZeb2: A multifunctional regulator of nervous system development
Hegarty, S. V., Sullivan, A. M., & O’Keeffe, G. W. (2015) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.07.001 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
“Vagal NCCs are absent in Zeb2 / mice (note: efective development of trunk NCCs into melanocytes and into the adrenomedullary from BMP antagonists arising from Spemann’s organiser (Hegarty et al., 2013; Liu and Niswander, 2005; Stern, 2005).”
Petrova, A., Celli, A., Jacquet, L., Dafou, D., Crumrine, D. A., Hupe, M., Arno, M. J., Hobbs, C., Čvoro, A., Karagiannis, P., et al. (2014) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.03.009 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“In contrast, neural fate develops when, in the absence of a Wnt signal, the ectoderm is able to receive and translate activating cues by FGFs, which then attenuate BMP signaling through inhibitory cues (Chang and HemmatiBrivanlou, 1998; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundExtracellular modulation of BMP activity in patterning the dorsoventral axis
Little, S. C., & Mullins, M. C. (2006) · Birth Defects Research Part C Embryo Today Reviews · doi:10.1002/bdrc.20079 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Epidermal Development in Mammals: Key Regulators, Signals from Beneath, and Stem Cells
Liu, S., Zhang, H., & Duan, E. (2013) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms140610869 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
“Without Wnt signals, the ectodermal cells respond to FGF signals which could inhibit BMP signaling activity and thus develop towards a neural fate [12].”
BackgroundRetinoids and spinal cord development.
Maden, M. (2006) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.20248 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The route to spinal cord cell types: a tale of signals and switches
Gouti, M., Metzis, V., & Briscoe, J. (2015) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2015.03.001 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Destabilizing LSD1 by Jade-2 Promotes Neurogenesis: An Antibraking System in Neural Development
Han, X., Gui, B., Xiong, C., Zhao, L., Liang, J., Sun, L., Yang, X., Yu, W., Si, W., Yan, R., et al. (2014) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.06.006 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
“…(Muñoz-Sanjuán and Brivanlou, 2002), more recent findings indicate that the initiation of neural differentiation is likely to be triggered by positive signals such as fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), or Wnts (Bally-Cuif and Hammerschmidt, 2003; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialBMP-signaling regulates the generation of hair-cells
Pujades, C., Kamaid, A., Alsina, B., & Giráldez, F. (2006) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.01.001 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Layden, M. J., Boekhout, M., & Martindale, M. Q. (2012) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.073221 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
“Additionally, FGF signaling and the closely related epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling provide crucial instructive cues during bilaterian central nervous system development (Stern, 2005; Watanabe et al., 2009).”
BackgroundMolecular mechanisms of cell shape changes that contribute to vertebrate neural tube closure
Suzuki, M., Morita, H., & Ueno, N. (2012) · Development Growth & Differentiation · doi:10.1111/j.1440-169x.2012.01346.x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
“flat epithelial sheet, called the neural plate, is formed by the end of gastrulation (Stern 2005), as a thickening of the ectoderm on the dorsal surface of the embryo (Fig.”
BackgroundSpecification and maintenance of the spinal cord stem zone
Delfino‐Machín, M., Lunn, J. S., Breitkreuz, D. N., Akai, J., & Storey, K. G. (2005) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02009 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
“However, this pathway has been shown to initiate neural development in the chick embryo, in mouse ES cells and most recently in the frog embryo (Delaune et al., 2005; Streit et al., 2000; Wilson et al., 2000; Ying et al., 2003) (reviewed by Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundThe calcium: an early signal that initiates the formation of the nervous system during embryogenesis
Leclerc, C., Néant, I., & Moreau, M. (2012) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2012.00064 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
“Numerous studies have detailed the diverse signaling pathways that control each sequence (Rowitch, 2004; Stern, 2005; Okano and Temple, 2009; Rogers et al., 2009).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe cellular and molecular basis of cnidarian neurogenesis
Rentzsch, F., Layden, M. J., & Manuel, M. (2016) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Developmental Biology · doi:10.1002/wdev.257 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
“Reports from chicken and zebrafish indicate that FGF signaling promotes neurogenesis by both inducing the expression of the BMP2/4 inhibitors chordin and noggin as well as directly acting to promote expression of neural genes.(113,119) Broad inhibition of FGF signaling with SU5402 does not impact expression of NvashA…”
BackgroundThe dorsal spinal cord and hindbrain: From developmental mechanisms to functional circuits.
Hernandez-Miranda, L. R., Müller, T., & Birchmeier, C. (2017) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.10.008 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Embryonic skin development and repair
Hu, M. S.-M., Borrelli, M. R., Hong, W. X., Malhotra, S., Cheung, A. T. M., Ransom, R. C., Rennert, R. C., Morrison, S. D., Lorenz, H. P., & Longaker, M. T. (2018) · Organogenesis · doi:10.1080/15476278.2017.1421882 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“Neural and epidermal fates of ectodermal cells are based on the effects of Wnt, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling following gastrulation.(7,8) Wnt signaling restricts the ectodermic response to FGFs, a family of polypeptide growth factors required for neural induction.”
BackgroundThe role of microRNAs in human neural stem cells, neuronal differentiation and subtype specification
Stappert, L., Roese-Koerner, B., & Brüstle, O. (2014) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-014-1981-y · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Yaguchi, S., Yaguchi, J., & Burke, R. D. (2006) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02396 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“This hypothesis, termed the default model, is currently being revised to accommodate observations that indicate there may be an early requirement for fibroblast growth factor signaling (Delaune et al., 2005; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundHuman neural progenitor cells derived from embryonic stem cells in feeder-free cultures
Dhara, S. K., Hasneen, K., Machacek, D. W., Boyd, N. L., Rao, R. R., & Stice, S. L. (2008) · Differentiation · doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.2007.00256.x · Cited by 94 · see citing works
“It is generally believed that FGFs (including FGF2) are indirect neural inducers in vertebrates (Strong et al., 2000; Delaune et al., 2005; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundRegulation of Neural Specification from Human Embryonic Stem Cells by BMP and FGF
LaVaute, T. M., Yoo, Y. D., Pankratz, M. T., Weick, J. P., Gerstner, J. R., & Zhang, S. (2009) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.99 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Sequential actions of β-catenin and Bmp pattern the oral nerve net in Nematostella vectensis
Watanabe, H., Kuhn, A., Fushiki, M., Agata, K., Özbek, S., Fujisawa, T., & Holstein, T. W. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms6536 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Chen, T. X., Xiang, J., Zhu, S., Chen, S., Yin, Q.-F., Zhang, X.-O., Zhang, J., Feng, H., Dong, R., Li, X.-J., et al. (2015) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2015.24 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
BMP-FGF Signaling Axis Mediates Wnt-Induced Epidermal Stratification in Developing Mammalian Skin
Zhu, X.-J., Liu, Y., Dai, Z.-M., Zhang, X., Yang, X., Li, Y., Qiu, M., Fu, J., Hsu, W., Chen, Y., et al. (2014) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004687 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“fate [16,17].”
Wnt/β‐catenin signaling during early vertebrate neural development
Brafman, D. A., & Willert, K. (2017) · Developmental Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/dneu.22517 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Lack of the murine homeobox geneHesx1leads to a posterior transformation of the anterior forebrain
Andoniadou, C. L., Signore, M., Sajedi, E., Gaston‐Massuet, C., Kelberman, D., Burns, A. J., Itasaki, N., Dattani, M., & Martı́nez-Barberá, J. P. (2007) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02829 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“Experiments in Xenopus, zebrafish, chick and mammals have provided compelling evidence indicating that suppression of posteriorising signals is an essential requisite for the formation of anterior neural tissue (Kimura et al., 2000; Perea-Gomez et al., 2001; Kudoh et al., 2002; Wilson and Houart, 2004; Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundDirecting the differentiation of embryonic stem cells to neural stem cells
Cai, C., & Grabel, L. B. (2007) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.21306 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“More posterior in the embryo, the notochord supplies signals that pattern the developing neural tube, but no comparable structure is present in embryoid bodies (Stern, 2005).”
BackgroundKumano, G., & Nishida, H. (2007) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.21108 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“BMP inhibition, however, is required for maintaining the neural identity at later stages during gastrulation (Stern, 2005), although it is also suggested that it plays an early role at the pregastrula stage in Xenopus neural induction (Baker et al., 1999; Wessely et al., 2001; Kuroda et al., 2004).”
BackgroundFedorová, V., Váňová, T., Elrefae, L. M. B., Pospíšil, J., Petrášová, M., Kolajova, V., Hudáčová, Z., Baniariova, J., Barák, M., Pešková, L., et al. (2019) · Stem Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.scr.2019.101563 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Abelló, G., Khatri, S. B., Radosevic, M., Scotting, P. J., Giráldez, F., & Alsina, B. (2010) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.12.027 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Ideguchi, M., Palmer, T. D., Recht, L. D., & Weimann, J. M. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4318-09.2010 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“During development, presumptive cortical NPCs receive inductive signals from the definitive endoderm and Hensen’s node as early as gastrulation (Beddington and Robertson, 1998; Stern, 2005).”
Background
- Authors
- Stern, C. D.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Stern, Claudio D.
- ORCID
- Stern, Claudio D.
- Venue
- Development
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 2005-05-01
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2007-2021
- ISSN
- 0950-1991 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9129
- OpenAlex
- W2141694824
- Cited by
- 421
- References
- 196
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 2.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Keywords
- neural induction, default models, BMP signaling, ectoderm, epidermis, neural crest, embryonic development
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chick Embryo, Embryonic Induction, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Nervous System, Quail, Salamandridae, Xenopus, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Body Patterning, Organizers, Embryonic, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Xenopus Proteins, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Wnt Proteins, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4
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