Cited by 110Hair Growth and DisordersSkin and Cellular Biology ResearchDevelopmental Biology and Gene Regulation

Epidermal Development in Mammals: Key Regulators, Signals from Beneath, and Stem Cells

Open access
Liu, Shuang, Zhang, Huishan, Duan, Enkui·2013·International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Abstract

Epidermis is one of the best-studied tissues in mammals that contain types of stem cells. Outstanding works in recent years have shed great light on behaviors of different epidermal stem cell populations in the homeostasis and regeneration of the epidermis as well as hair follicles. Also, the molecular mechanisms governing these stem cells are being elucidated, from genetic to epigenetic levels. Compared with the explicit knowledge about adult skin, embryonic development of the epidermis, especially the early period, still needs exploration. Furthermore, stem cells in the embryonic epidermis are largely unstudied or ambiguously depicted. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the process of embryonic epidermal development, with focuses on some key molecular regulators and the role of the sub-epidermal mesenchyme. We will also try to trace adult epidermal stem cell populations back to embryonic development. In addition, we will comment on in vitro derivation of epidermal lineages from ES cells and iPS cells.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/ijms140610869

Cites

155 of 155 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [10]Sato K. Biology of the eccrine sweat gland Dermatol. Gen. Med. N. Y. McGraw-Hill 1993 1 221 241
  2. [131]Zhao G. Skeath J.B. The Sox-domain containing gene Dichaete/fish-hook acts in concert with vnd and ind to regulate cell fate in the Drosophila neuroectoderm Development 2002 129 1165 1174 11874912
  3. [135]Haselbeck R.J. Hoffmann I. Duester G. Distinct functions for Aldh1 and Raldh2 in the control of ligand production for embryonic retinoid signaling pathways Dev. Genet 1999 25 353 364 10570467 PMC4342002

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Liu, S., Zhang, H., & Duan, E.
Affiliations
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
Corresponding author
Duan, Enkui
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2013-05-24
Volume
14
Issue
6
Pages
10869-10895
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2154963888
Cited by
110
References
155
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3
FWCI
1.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201099)
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Hair Growth and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Skin and Cellular Biology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Keywords
epidermal development, embryonic epidermis, epidermal stem cells, epidermal homeostasis, epidermal regeneration, hair follicle development, epigenetic regulation, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, molecular regulators
MeSH terms
Animals, Epidermis, Homeostasis, Mammals, Stem Cells, Signal Transduction, Cell Lineage

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review