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Diversity of Bifidobacteria within the Infant Gut Microbiota
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) represents one of the most densely populated microbial ecosystems studied to date. Although this microbial consortium has been recognized to have a crucial impact on human health, its precise composition is still subject to intense investigation. Among the GIT microbiota, bifidobacteria represent an important commensal group, being among the first microbial colonizers of the gut. However, the prevalence and diversity of members of the genus Bifidobacterium in the infant intestinal microbiota has not yet been fully characterized, while some inconsistencies exist in literature regarding the abundance of this genus. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In the current report, we assessed the complexity of the infant intestinal bifidobacterial population by analysis of pyrosequencing data of PCR amplicons derived from two hypervariable regions of the 16 S rRNA gene. Eleven faecal samples were collected from healthy infants of different geographical origins (Italy, Spain or Ireland), feeding type (breast milk or formula) and mode of delivery (vaginal or caesarean delivery), while in four cases, faecal samples of corresponding mothers were also analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to several previously published culture-independent studies, our analysis revealed a predominance of bifidobacteria in the infant gut as well as a profile of co-occurrence of bifidobacterial species in the infant's intestine.
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“PS infants showed an earlier and more robust colonisation of infant-associated Bifidobacterium species, particularly B. breve and B. longum subsp. infantis, compared to NPS infants51–53.”
From Impact of early life antibiotic and probiotic treatment on gut microbiome and resistome of very-low-birth-weight preterm infants. (2025) · cites this paper as [52]
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“in particular the genus Bifidobacterium are typically present as the most numerous bacteria ((11,12)).”
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“In premature neonates, bifidobacteria gut colonization has been reported to be delayed [7e9] leading to a dysbiosis with potential health consequences [10,11].”
BackgroundHughes, K. R., Harnisch, L. C., Alcon-Giner, C., Mitra, S., Wright, C. J., Ketskemety, J., van Sinderen, D., Watson, A. J. M., & Hall, L. J. (2017) · Open Biology · doi:10.1098/rsob.160155 · Cited by 72
Microbiota and Cancer: The Emerging Beneficial Role of Bifidobacteria in Cancer Immunotherapy
Longhi, G., van Sinderen, D., Ventura, M., & Turroni, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.575072 · Cited by 72
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The microbiome and systemic lupus erythematosus
Katz-Agranov, N. S., & Zandman‐Goddard, G. (2017) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-017-8906-2 · Cited by 73
Infant food applications of complex carbohydrates: Structure, synthesis, and function
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Ethnic diversity in infant gut microbiota is apparent before the introduction of complementary diets
Xu, J. Y., Lawley, B., Wong, G., Otal, A., Chen, L., Ying, T. J., Lin, X., Pang, W. W., Yap, F. K. P., Chong, Y. S., et al. (2020) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2020.1756150 · Cited by 68
Natividad, J. M., Marsaux, B., García‐Ródenas, C. L., Rytz, A., Vandevijver, G., Marzorati, M., den Abbeele, P. V., Calatayud, M., & Rochat, F. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14122546 · Cited by 76
“during infancy [3,4], highlighting their role as a key player in establishing a stable and resilient ecological niche.”
BackgroundBifidobacterium: a probiotic for the prevention and treatment of depression
Li, J., Wang, J., Wang, M., Zheng, L., Cen, Q., Wang, F., Li, Z., Pang, R., & Zhang, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1174800 · Cited by 75
Colonization and probiotic function of Bifidobacterium longum
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Bifidobacteria strains isolated from stools of iron deficient infants can efficiently sequester iron
Vazquez-Gutierrez, P., Lacroix, C., Jaeggi, T., Zeder, C., Zimmermann, M. B., & Chassard, C. (2015) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/s12866-014-0334-z · Cited by 68
“are among the first anaerobes able to reach high levels within the first week of life and generally represent more than 40% of infant gut microbiota [2,3].”
BackgroundLuk, B., Horvath, T. D., Engevik, K. A., Ruan, W. H., Haidacher, S. J., Hoch, K. M., Oezguen, N., Spinler, J. K., Haag, A. M., Versalovic, J. A., et al. (2021) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom11081091 · Cited by 70
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Human Gut Microbiota in Health and Selected Cancers
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“The gut microbiota in breast-fed infants is dominated by Bifidobacterium [76] and Ruminococcus [77].”
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Ferrario, C., Duranti, S., Milani, C., Mancabelli, L., Lugli, G. A., Turroni, F., Mangifesta, M., Viappiani, A., Ossiprandi, M. C., van Sinderen, D., et al. (2015) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01331 · Cited by 64
“6:1331. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01331 Exploring Amino Acid Auxotrophy in Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010 Chiara Ferrario1, Sabrina Duranti1, Christian Milani1, Leonardo Mancabelli1, Gabriele A. Lugli1, Francesca Turroni1, Marta Mangifesta2, Alice Viappiani2, Maria C. Ossiprandi3, Douwe van Sinderen4 and Marco Ventura1…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationAdaptation of bifidobacteria to the gastrointestinal tract and functional consequences
Sánchez, B., Ruíz, L., Gueimonde, M., Ruas‐Madiedo, P., & Margollés, A. (2012) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2012.11.004 · Cited by 66
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Metabolism of Four α-Glycosidic Linkage-Containing Oligosaccharides by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003
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Turroni, F., Serafini, F., Mangifesta, M., Arioli, S., Mora, D., van Sinderen, D., & Ventura, M. (2014) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12509 · Cited by 62
“Bifidobacteria are common gut inhabitants of mammals, in particular during the first phase of life when they represent one of the most dominant members of the intestinal microbiota (Turroni et al., 2012; Ventura et al., 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citationFunctions of intestinal microflora in children
Buccigrossi, V., Nicastro, E., & Guarino, A. (2012) · Current Opinion in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e32835a3500 · Cited by 63
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“The human GIT consists of a complex and dynamic population of microorganisms, known as the gut microbiota, which have coevolved with their host [128].”
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“During the first year of life, they reach their highest proportion in the colon (up to 90% of the entire colon microbiota) (Turroni et al. 2012).”
Anania, C., Marino, V. P. D., Olivero, F., Canditiis, D. D., Brindisi, G., Iannilli, F., Spagnoli, A., Castro, G. D., Maria, Z. A., & Duse, M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13041315 · Cited by 62
“Actinobacteria and specifically the genus Bifidobacterium are the dominant bacteria in infants [16].”
BackgroundProbiotics and the intestinal tight junction barrier function
Ferris, M. M., Antonio, L. S., & Al–Sadi, R. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1671152 · Cited by 61
“B. breve, B. bifidum, B. longum, and Bifidobacterium infantis are the commonly detected bacteria at the infant stage, with B. bifidum being the most prominent species, followed by B. breve, B. longum and B. infantis (Turroni et al., 2012; Kolacek et al., 1996).”
Lawley, B., Munro, K., Hughes, A., Hodgkinson, A. J., Prosser, C. G., Lowry, D. J., Zhou, S. J., Makrides, M., Gibson, R. A., Lay, C., et al. (2017) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.3375 · Cited by 59
“Bifidobacteria commonly dominate the fecal microbiota of infants during the exclusively milk-fed period of life (Biavati et al., 1984; Favier et al., 2002; Young et al., 2004;Roger et al., 2010; Grönlund et al., 2011; Tannock et al., 2013; Turroni et al., 2012; Makino et al., 2013; Bäckhed et al., 2015;Milani et al.,…”
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Crystal Structures of a Glycoside Hydrolase Family 20 Lacto-N-biosidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum
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“Since then, LNBase activity has also been found in several strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum (17), which are particularly predominant in the intestines of infants (18).”
BackgroundIntestinal microbiota during early life – impact on health and disease
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“In addition to the individual variation, the Bifidobacterial abundance seems to vary greatly according to the geographic origin; infants from (northern) European countries harbour in general high numbers of Bifidobacteria((30,32,33)), whereas these bacteria are less predominant in Asian and American infants((26,34,35)…”
BackgroundGut Microbiota and Neuroplasticity
Murciano-Brea, J., García-Montes, M. E., Geuna, S., & Herrera‐Rincon, C. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10082084 · Cited by 59
Probiotics in early life: a preventative and treatment approach
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“5 years of age the microbiome becomes stable (54, 55), and it is 196 dominated by the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla (43, 56, 57), resembling that of an 197”
BackgroundHuman milk oligosaccharide-sharing by a consortium of infant derived Bifidobacterium species
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Three Main Factors Define Changes in Fecal Microbiota Associated With Feeding Modality in Infants
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“The paucity of bifidobacteria recently described can also be because of inefficient PCR analysis (28,31).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Turroni, F., Peano, C., Pass, D. A., Foroni, E., Severgnini, M., Claesson, M. J., Kerr, C., Hourihane, J., Murray, D., Fuligni, F., Gueimonde, M., Margolles, A., De Bellis, G., O’Toole, P. W., van Sinderen, D., Marchesi, J. R., & Ventura, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Parma (IT)
- National Research Council (IT)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- University College Cork (IE)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Ventura, Marco
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2012-05-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e36957
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3350489
- OpenAlex
- W2048550695
- Cited by
- 647
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 20.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Royal Society
- Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology
- Science Foundation Ireland (02/CE/B124, 07/CE/B1368)
- Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca
- Natural Environment Research Council (NBAF010005)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- Bifidobacterium, infant gut microbiota, bacterial diversity, 16S rRNA gene, fecal microbiota, breastfeeding, bottle feeding, mode of delivery, vaginal delivery, cesarean section, maternal microbiota, species co-occurrence, gut commensal bacteria
- MeSH terms
- Base Sequence, Bifidobacterium, Feces, Female, Genes, Bacterial, Humans, Infant, Phylogeny, Pregnancy, RNA, Bacterial, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Genetic Variation, DNA Primers, Gastrointestinal Tract, Metagenome
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