Water extract from the leaves of Withania somnifera protect RA differentiated C6 and IMR-32 cells against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity
Open accessAbstract
Glutamate neurotoxicity has been implicated in stroke, head trauma, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders. Search for herbal remedies that may possibly act as therapeutic agents is an active area of research to combat these diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective role of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), also known as Indian ginseng, against glutamate induced toxicity in the retinoic acid differentiated rat glioma (C6) and human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cells. The neuroprotective activity of the Ashwagandha leaves derived water extract (ASH-WEX) was evaluated. Cell viability and the expression of glial and neuronal cell differentiation markers was examined in glutamate challenged differentiated cells with and without the presence of ASH-WEX. We demonstrate that RA-differentiated C6 and IMR-32 cells, when exposed to glutamate, undergo loss of neural network and cell death that was accompanied by increase in the stress protein HSP70. ASH-WEX pre-treatment inhibited glutamate-induced cell death and was able to revert glutamate-induced changes in HSP70 to a large extent. Furthermore, the analysis on the neuronal plasticity marker NCAM (Neural cell adhesion molecule) and its polysialylated form, PSA-NCAM revealed that ASH-WEX has therapeutic potential for prevention of neurodegeneration associated with glutamate-induced excitotoxicty.
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From Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects (2021) · cites this paper as [149]
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- Authors
- Kataria, H., Wadhwa, R., Kaul, S. C., & Kaur, G.
- Affiliations
- Guru Nanak Dev University (IN)
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Wadhwa, Renu
- Kaur, Gurcharan
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2012-05-14
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e37080
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3351387
- OpenAlex
- W2161908794
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 16.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
- Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacological Effects of Medicinal Plants
- Keywords
- Withania somnifera, glutamate excitotoxicity, neuroprotection, C6 glioma cells, IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells, retinoic acid differentiation, HSP70, neurodegeneration, CD56, PSA-NCAM, neuroplasticity, cell death
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Nerve Degeneration, Neurons, Neurotoxins, Plant Extracts, Plants, Medicinal, Tretinoin, Neurofilament Proteins, Cell Death, Plant Leaves, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Neuroprotective Agents, Glutamic Acid, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Withania, Rats
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