The Acquisition of Goal-Directed Actions Generates Opposing Plasticity in Direct and Indirect Pathways in Dorsomedial Striatum

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Mendes, A., Vignoud, G., Siaume‐Perez, S., Perrin, E., Touboul, J. D., & Venance, L. (2020) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa024 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Environmental enrichment shapes striatal spike-timing-dependent plasticity in vivo

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Chemogenetic inhibition in the dorsal striatum reveals regional specificity of direct and indirect pathway control of action sequencing

Garr, E., & Delamater, A. R. (2020) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107169 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Cognitive Deficits and Altered Cholinergic Innervation in Young Adult Mice Carrying a Parkinson’s Disease LRRK2-G2019S Knockin Mutation

Hussein, A., Tielemans, A., Baxter, M. G., Benson, D. L., & Huntley, G. W. (2022) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114145 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Deconstructing 5-HT6 receptor effects on striatal circuit function

Eskenazi, D., Brodsky, M., & Neumaier, J. F. (2015) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.04.046 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

The credit assignment problem in cortico‐basal ganglia‐thalamic networks: A review, a problem and a possible solution

Rubin, J. E., Vich, C., Clapp, M., Noneman, K. K., & Verstynen, T. (2020) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14745 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Activation, but not inhibition, of the indirect pathway disrupts choice rejection in a freely moving, multiple-choice foraging task

Delevich, K. M., Hoshal, B., Zhou, L. Z., Zhang, Y., Vedula, S. V., Lin, W. C., Chase, J. B., Collins, A. G. E., & Wilbrecht, L. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111129 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Loss of striatal tyrosine‐hydroxylase interneurons impairs instrumental goal‐directed behavior

Kaminer, J., Espinoza, D., Bhimani, S., Tepper, J. M., Koós, T. Z., & Shiflett, M. W. (2019) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14412 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Orbital Frontal Cortex Projections to Secondary Motor Cortex Mediate Exploitation of Learned Rules

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Estradiol Receptors Inhibit Long-Term Potentiation in the Dorsomedial Striatum

Lewitus, V. J., & Blackwell, K. T. (2023) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0071-23.2023 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Selective effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on medium spiny neurons in the striatum

Fernández-Cabrera, M. R., Higuera‐Matas, A., Fernaud-Espinosa, I., DeFelipe, J., Ambrosio, E., & Miguéns, M. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200950 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Fear Learning: An Evolving Picture for Plasticity at Synaptic Afferents to the Amygdala

Palchaudhuri, S., Osypenko, D., & Schneggenburger, R. (2022) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/10738584221108083 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

The Impacts of Early-life Adversity on Striatal and Hippocampal Memory Functions

Xu, B., Zhang, X., He, Y., Liu, C., Li, L., Liu, Q., Huang, Y. Y., Chen, M. X., Ren, B., Guo, Y., et al. (2022) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.02.029 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

What Role Does Striatal Dopamine Play in Goal-directed Action?

Hart, G., Burton, T. J., & Balleine, B. W. (2024) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.03.020 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Striatopallidal Pathway Distinctly Modulates Goal-Directed Valuation and Acquisition of Instrumental Behavior via Striatopallidal Output Projections

He, Y., Li, Y., Pu, Z., Chen, M., Gao, Y., Chen, L., Ruan, Y., Pan, X., Zhou, Y., Ge, Y., et al. (2019) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz172 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Depression in the Direct Pathway of the Dorsomedial Striatum Permits the Formation of Habitual Action

Yu, X., Chen, S., & Shan, Q. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab031 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Errors in Action Timing and Inhibition Facilitate Learning by Tuning Distinct Mechanisms in the Underlying Decision Process

Dunovan, K., & Verstynen, T. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1924-18.2019 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Involvement of Midbrain Dopamine Neuron Activity in Negative Reinforcement Learning in Mice

Diao, Z., Li, Y., Cheng, Q., Wu, M., Di, Y., Qian, Z., Wei, C., Liu, Y., Tian, Y., & Ren, W. (2021) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-021-02515-6 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Sex Differences and Addiction

Perry, A. N., Westenbroek, C., & Becker, J. B. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802114-9.00006-8 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Development and cadherin-mediated control of prefrontal corticostriatal projections in mice

Mesias, R., Zaki, Y., Guevara, C. A., Friedman, L. G., Hussein, A., Therrien, K., Magee, A. R., Tzavaras, N., Valle, P. D., Baxter, M. G., et al. (2023) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.108002 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Parkinson’s-linked LRRK2-G2019S derails AMPAR trafficking, mobility, and composition in striatum with cell-type and subunit specificity

Gupta, S., Tielemans, A., Guevara, C. A., Huntley, G. W., & Benson, D. L. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2317833121 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Effects of Maternal Separation on Effort-based Responding for Sucrose Are Associated with c-Fos Expression in the Nucleus Accumbens Core

Gildawie, K. R., Wang, K. L., Budge, K. E., & Byrnes, E. M. (2023) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.030 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Single Exposure to Cocaine Impairs Reinforcement Learning by Potentiating the Activity of Neurons in the Direct Striatal Pathway in Mice

Diao, Z., Di, Y., Wu, M., Zhai, C., Kang, M., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Wei, C., Zheng, Q., Han, J., et al. (2021) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-021-00687-8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

The dorsomedial striatum mediates Pavlovian appetitive conditioning and food consumption.

Cole, S., Stone, A. D., & Petrovich, G. D. (2017) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/bne0000216 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Adolescent social isolation shifts the balance of decision-making strategy from goal-directed action to habitual response in adulthood via suppressing the excitatory neurotransmission onto the direct pathway of the dorsomedial striatum

Shan, Q., Yu, X., & Tian, Y. (2022) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac158 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

A dual-pathway architecture enables chronic stress to disrupt agency and promote habit formationPreprint

Giovanniello, J. R., Paredes, N., Wiener, A. J., Ramírez-Armenta, K., Oragwam, C., Uwadia, H. O., Yu, A. L., Lim, K. Y., Pimenta, J. S., Vilchez, G. E., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.10.03.560731 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Distinct dopaminergic spike-timing-dependent plasticity rules are suited to different functional roles

Sosis, B., & Rubin, J. E. (2026) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s00422-025-01031-3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The role of dorsomedial striatum adenosine 2A receptors in the loss of goal-directed behaviour

Emtage, J. A., Shipman, M. L., & Corbit, L. H. (2022) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-022-06220-7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Enhancing reinforcement learning models by including direct and indirect pathways improves performance on striatal dependent tasks

Blackwell, K. T., & Doya, K. (2023) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011385 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Dorsomedial striatal neuroinflammation causes excessive goal-directed action control by disrupting astrocyte function

Abiero, A., Gladding, J. M., Iredale, J. A., Drury, H. R., Manning, E. E., Dayas, C. V., Dhungana, A., Ganesan, K., Turner, K. M., Becchi, S., et al. (2025) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-025-02247-4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Medullary and C3–C4 propriospinal pathways underlying mammalian forelimb movement control

Jindal, V., Grudny, M. M., Wesson, D. W., Vaillancourt, D. E., & Vahdat, S. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2518217123 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

The Small G-Protein Rac1 in the Dorsomedial Striatum Promotes Alcohol-Dependent Structural Plasticity and Goal-Directed Learning in Mice

Hoisington, Z. W., Salvi, A., Laguesse, S., Ehinger, Y., Shukla, C., Phamluong, K., & Dorit Ron, A. (2024) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1644-23.2024 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Translational approach to apathy‐like behavior in mice: From the practical point of view

Tanaka, K., & Hamaguchi, T. (2019) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12915 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Endogenous opioid dynamics in the dorsal striatum sculpt neural activity to control goal-directed action

Gowrishankar, R., Hjort, M., Elerding, A. J., Shirley, S. E., Van Tilburg, J., Marcus, D. J., Senthilkumar, P., Abrera, K. A., Sumarli, D., Motovilov, K., et al. (2024) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.20.595035 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Endogenous opioid dynamics in the dorsal striatum sculpt neural activity to promote goal-directed action

Gowrishankar, R., Hjort, M. M., Elerding, A. J., Shirley, S. E., Senthilkumar, P., Tilburg, J. V., Marcus, D. J., Abrera, K., Sumarli, D., Wezik, M., et al. (2026) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.058 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Implicit Counterfactual Effect in Partial Feedback Reinforcement Learning: Behavioral and Modeling Approach

Barakchian, Z., Vahabie, A., & Ahmadabadi, M. N. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.631347 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Choice suppression is achieved through opponent but not independent function of the striatal indirect pathway in micePreprint

Delevich, K., Hoshal, B., Collins, A. G. E., & Wilbrecht, L. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/675850 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Pyramidal tract neurons drive feed-forward excitation of striatum through cholinergic interneuronsPreprint

Morgenstern, N. A., Isidro, A. F., Israely, I., & Costa, R. M. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.12.14.422716 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Drug Reinforcement Impairs Cognitive Flexibility by Inhibiting Striatal Cholinergic NeuronsPreprint

Gangal, H., Xie, X., Cheng, Y., Wang, X., Lu, J., Zhuang, X., Essoh, A., Huang, Y., Smith, L. N., Smith, R. J., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.10.27.514125 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Striatal cell-type specific encoding stability and reorganization for goal-directed behavior and habitPreprint

Malvaez, M., Liang, A., Hall, B. S., Giovanniello, J. R., Paredes, N., González, J. A., Blair, G. J., Sias, A. C., Murphy, M. D., Guo, W., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.01.26.634924 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Habits and dopamine

Bertran‐Gonzalez, J., & Balleine, B. W. (2025) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29867-7.00043-8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Amygdala-Cortical Control of Striatal Plasticity Drives the Acquisition of Goal-Directed Action

Fisher, S. D., Ferguson, L. A., Bertran-Gonzalez, J., & Balleine, B. W. (2020) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.090 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Striatal direct and indirect pathway neurons differentially control the encoding and updating of goal-directed learning

Peak, J. N., Chieng, B. C. H., Hart, G., & Balleine, B. W. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.58544 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Investigating the roles of dorsomedial striatal projection neurons in goal-directed action

Peak, J. N. (2022) · UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) · doi:10.26190/unsworks/22246

The dorsomedial striatum: an optimal cellular environment for encoding and updating goal-directed learning

Balleine, B. W., Peak, J. N., Matamales, M., Bertran‐Gonzalez, J., & Hart, G. (2021) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.03.004 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Local D2- to D1-neuron transmodulation updates goal-directed learning in the striatum

Matamales, M., McGovern, A. E., Mi, J. D., Mazzone, S. B., Balleine, B. W., & Bertran‐Gonzalez, J. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaz5751 · Cited by 95 · see citing works