Inactivating anterior insular cortex reduces risk taking
Open accessAbstract
We often have to make risky decisions between alternatives with outcomes that can be better or worse than the outcomes of safer alternatives. Although previous studies have implicated various brain regions in risky decision making, it remains unknown which regions are crucial for balancing whether to take a risk or play it safe. Here, we focused on the anterior insular cortex (AIC), the causal involvement of which in risky decision making is still unclear, although human imaging studies have reported AIC activation in various gambling tasks. We investigated the effects of temporarily inactivating the AIC on rats' risk preference in two types of gambling tasks, one in which risk arose in reward amount and one in which it arose in reward delay. As a control within the same subjects, we inactivated the adjacent orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which is well known to affect risk preference. In both gambling tasks, AIC inactivation decreased risk preference whereas OFC inactivation increased it. In risk-free control situations, AIC and OFC inactivations did not affect decision making. These results suggest that the AIC is causally involved in risky decision making and promotes risk taking. The AIC and OFC may be crucial for the opposing motives of whether to take a risk or avoid it.
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Temporary inactivation of rat anterior insula cortex results in a reduction of risky choices across two separate gambling tasks.
“Ishii et al. (2012), for example, demonstrated that temporary inactivation of rat anterior insula cortex resulted in a reduction of risky choices across two separate gambling tasks.”
From Atypical interoception as a common risk factor for psychopathology: A review (2021) · cites this paper as Ishii et al. (2012)
The anterior insula has been associated with processing information about risk.
“Moreover, the aIns has been associated with processing information about risk (Burke and Tobler, 2011; Ishii et al., 2012; Paulus et al., 2003; Preuschoff et al., 2008).”
From Cognitive flexibility in adolescence: Neural and behavioral mechanisms of reward prediction error processing in adaptive decision making during development (2015) · cites this paper as Ishii et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Ishii, H., Ohara, S., Tobler, P. N., Tsutsui, K.-I., & Iijima, T.
- Affiliations
- Tohoku University (JP)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2012-11-07
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 45
- Pages
- 16031-16039
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6621622
- OpenAlex
- W2083426872
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- Research portal (Tilburg University) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (19673002, #24120504)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex, risk preferences, risky decision making, risk-taking, gambling behavior, reward delay, reward magnitude, neural inactivation, rats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Cerebral Cortex, Cues, Decision Making, Gambling, Male, Motivation, Risk-Taking, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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