Axon Branching and Synaptic Bouton Phenotypes in GABAergic Nonpyramidal Cell Subtypes
Open accessAbstract
GABAergic nonpyramidal cells, cortical interneurons, consist of heterogeneous subtypes differing in their axonal field and target selectivity. It remains to be investigated how the diverse innervation patterns are generated and how these spatially complicated, but synaptically specific wirings are achieved. Here, we asked whether a particular cell type obeys a specific branching and bouton arrangement principle or differs from others only in average morphometric values of the morphological template common to nonpyramidal cells. For this purpose, we subclassified nonpyramidal cells within each physiological class by quantitative parameters of somata, dendrites, and axons and characterized axon branching and bouton distribution patterns quantitatively. Each subtype showed a characteristic set of vertical and horizontal bouton spreads around the somata. Each parameter, such as branching angles, internode or interbouton intervals, followed its own characteristic distribution pattern irrespective of subtypes, suggesting that nonpyramidal cells have the common mechanism for formation of the axon branching pattern and bouton arrangement. Fitting of internode and interbouton interval distributions to the exponential indicated their apparent random occurrence. Decay constants of the fitted exponentials varied among nonpyramidal cells, but each subtype expressed a particular set of interbouton and internode interval averages. The distinctive combination of innervation field shape and local axon phenotypes suggests a marked functional difference in the laminar and columnar integration properties of different GABAergic subtypes, as well as the subtype-specific density of inhibited targets.
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Dendrite targeting CCK-expressing interneurons are also found in the neocortex, most notably the vertically oriented bitufted double bouquet cells with ascending and descending tight radial axonal bundles targeting principal cell dendritic shafts and spines.
“Dendrite targeting CCK-expressing interneurons are also found in the neocortex, most notably the vertically oriented bitufted double bouquet cells with ascending and descending tight radial axonal bundles targeting principal cell dendritic shafts and spines (263, 355, 556, 569, 1034, 1085, 1150).”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [556]
Additional molecular markers commonly associated with hippocampal and neocortical CCK-expressing dendrite targeting interneurons are calbindin (CB) (hippocampus and neocortex), calretinin (CR) (neocortex), and VIP (neocortex), though none of these markers is specific for or ubiquitously expressed by CCK-expressing dendrite targeting interneurons.
“Additional molecular markers commonly associated with hippocampal and neocortical CCK-expressing dendrite targeting interneurons are calbindin (CB) (hippocampus and neocortex), calretinin (CR) (neocortex), and VIP (neocortex), though none of these markers is specific for or ubiquitously expressed by CCK-expressing dendrite targeting interneurons (224, 556, 569, 584, 611, 612).”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [556]
PV+ interneuron axons branch extensively and provide dense inhibition to nearby pyramidal neurons in cortical circuits.
“PV+ interneuron axons branch extensively (Karube, 2004) and provide dense inhibition to nearby pyramidal neurons in cortical circuits (Packer and Yuste, 2011).”
From Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex? (2017) · cites this paper as Karube, 2004
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- Authors
- Karube, F., Kubota, Y., & Kawaguchi, Y.
- Affiliations
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (JP)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2004-03-24
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2853-2865
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6729850
- OpenAlex
- W2071097942
- Cited by
- 203
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Daiko Foundation
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute
- Japan Epilepsy Research Foundation
- Epilepsiatutkimussäätiö
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- cortical interneurons, axon branching, innervation pattern, branch angle, neuronal morphology
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Axons, Cell Separation, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Neurons, Phenotype, Regression Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Rats, Wistar, Presynaptic Terminals, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Rats, In Vitro Techniques
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