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Energy Expenditure Responses to Fasting and Overfeeding Identify Phenotypes Associated With Weight Change
Abstract
Because it is unknown whether 24-h energy expenditure (EE) responses to dietary extremes will identify phenotypes associated with weight regulation, the aim of this study was to determine whether such responses to fasting or overfeeding are associated with future weight change. The 24-h EE during energy balance, fasting, and four different overfeeding diets with 200% energy requirements was measured in a metabolic chamber in 37 subjects with normal glucose regulation while they resided on our clinical research unit. Diets were given for 24 h each and included the following: 1) low protein (3%), 2) standard (50% carbohydrate, 20% protein), 3) high fat (60%), and 4) high carbohydrate (75%). Participants returned for follow-up 6 months after the initial measures. The decrease in 24-h EE during fasting and the increase with overfeeding were correlated. A larger reduction in EE during fasting, a smaller EE response to low-protein overfeeding, and a larger response to high-carbohydrate overfeeding all correlated with weight gain. The association of the fasting EE response with weight change was not independent from that of low protein in a multivariate model. We identified the following two independent propensities associated with weight gain: a predilection for conserving energy during caloric and protein deprivation and a profligate response to large amounts of carbohydrates.
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“In a given individual, both mechanisms add to efficient energy use to conserve body energy providing a so-called thrifty phenotype [32, 33].”
From Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans (2016) · cites this paper as [33]
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Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans
Müller, M. J., Enderle, J., & Bosy-Westphal, A. (2016) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-016-0237-4 · Cited by 267
Hyperinsulinemia: A cause of obesity?
Erion, K. A., & Corkey, B. E. (2017) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-017-0261-z · Cited by 161
Christoffersen, B. Ø., Sanchez‐Delgado, G., John, L. M., Ryan, D. H., Raun, K., & Ravussin, E. (2022) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23374 · Cited by 142
“Importantly, the thrifty phenotype is associated with larger body weight gain during a free- living follow- up (14) or a 6week overfeeding intervention (15) and with lower weight loss during a tightly controlled calorie restriction intervention (16).”
BackgroundEffects of Short-Term Fasting and Different Overfeeding Diets on Thyroid Hormones in Healthy Humans
Basolo, A., Begaye, B., Hollstein, T., Vinales, K. L., Walter, M., Santini, F., Krakoff, J., & Piaggi, P. (2019) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2019.0237 · Cited by 37
Self-citationTargeting skeletal muscle mitochondrial health in obesity
Pileggi, C. A., Hooks, B. G., McPherson, R., Dent, R. R. M., & Harper, M.-E. (2022) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20210506 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Schlögl, M., Piaggi, P., Pannacciuli, N., Bonfiglio, S. M., Krakoff, J., & Thearle, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
- ORCID
- Piaggi, Paolo
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2015-07-16
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3680-3689
- ISSN
- 0012-1797
- 1939-327X
- PMC
- PMC4613969
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 5
- Language
- en
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
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