Internet Addiction or Excessive Internet Use
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Problematic Internet addiction or excessive Internet use is characterized by excessive or poorly controlled preoccupations, urges, or behaviors regarding computer use and Internet access that lead to impairment or distress. Currently, there is no recognition of internet addiction within the spectrum of addictive disorders and, therefore, no corresponding diagnosis. It has, however, been proposed for inclusion in the next version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM). OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on Internet addiction over the topics of diagnosis, phenomenology, epidemiology, and treatment. METHODS: Review of published literature between 2000-2009 in Medline and PubMed using the term "internet addiction. RESULTS: Surveys in the United States and Europe have indicated prevalence rate between 1.5% and 8.2%, although the diagnostic criteria and assessment questionnaires used for diagnosis vary between countries. Cross-sectional studies on samples of patients report high comorbidity of Internet addiction with psychiatric disorders, especially affective disorders (including depression), anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Several factors are predictive of problematic Internet use, including personality traits, parenting and familial factors, alcohol use, and social anxiety. CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Although Internet-addicted individuals have difficulty suppressing their excessive online behaviors in real life, little is known about the patho-physiological and cognitive mechanisms responsible for Internet addiction. Due to the lack of methodologically adequate research, it is currently impossible to recommend any evidence-based treatment of Internet addiction.
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One explanation for the negative relationship between Agreeableness and behavioral addictions is that people with behavioral addictions often come into conflict with others due to their behavior, which conflicts with basic features of Agreeableness.
“One explanation for the results might be that people with behavioral addictions often come into conflict with others due to their behavior (Weinstein & Lejoyeux, 2010), which would directly conflict with some of the basic features of Agreeableness, such as being likeable, pleasant, and emphasizing harmony in relations with others (Graziano & Tobin, 2009).”
From The relationships between behavioral addictions and the five-factor model of personality (2013) · cites this paper as Weinstein & Lejoyeux, 2010
Excessive computer/videogame users may experience feelings of tension, dysphoria, or anxiety when not engaged in computer use, akin to a withdrawal state.
“Excessive computer/videogame users may experience feelings of tension, dysphoria, or anxiety when not engaged in computer use, akin to a withdrawal state (Weinstein and Lejoyeux, 2010).”
From Reciprocal associations between screen time and emotional disorder symptoms during adolescence (2019) · cites this paper as Weinstein and Lejoyeux, 2010
Existing research has identified low self-esteem as a risk factor for Internet-related addiction.
“On one hand, it may be plausible to postulate that self-esteem is negatively associated with SNSs excessive use and addiction; existing research has identified low self-esteem as a risk factor for Internet-related addiction (Weinstein & Lejoyeux, 2010).”
From Till logout do us part? Comparison of factors predicting excessive social network sites use and addiction between Singaporean adolescents and adults (2017) · cites this paper as Weinstein & Lejoyeux, 2010
Alcohol use was established as a predictor of internet overuse.
“Similarly, alcohol use was established as a predictor of internet overuse by a different research group [23].”
From Measuring Experiential Avoidance: Evidence toward Multidimensional Predictors of Trauma Sequelae (2017) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Weinstein, A., & Lejoyeux, M.
- Affiliations
- Hadassah Medical Center (IL)
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Weinstein, Aviv
- Venue
- The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-06-15
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 277-283
- ISSN
- 0095-2990 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-9891
- OpenAlex
- W2107943815
- Cited by
- 929
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 19.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Keywords
- internet addiction, excessive internet use, diagnostic criteria, prevalence, depression, anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, social anxiety, personality traits, alcohol consumption, treatment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Phobic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Comorbidity, Behavior, Addictive, Substance-Related Disorders, Internet
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