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The role of extracellular DNA in the establishment, maintenance and perpetuation of bacterial biofilms

Okshevsky, Mira, Meyer, Rikke Louise·2015·Critical Reviews in Microbiology
DOI 10.3109/1040841x.2013.841639
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Abstract

The significance of extracellular DNA (eDNA) in biofilms was overlooked until researchers added DNAse to a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and watched the biofilm disappear. Now, a decade later, the widespread importance of eDNA in biofilm formation is undisputed, but detailed knowledge about how it promotes biofilm formation and conveys antimicrobial resistance is only just starting to emerge. In this review, we discuss how eDNA is produced, how it aids bacterial adhesion, secures the structural stability of biofilms and contributes to antimicrobial resistance. The appearance of eDNA in biofilms is no accident: It is produced by active secretion or controlled cell lysis - sometimes linked to competence development. eDNA adsorbs to and extends from the cell surface, promoting adhesion to abiotic surfaces through acid-base interactions. In the biofilm, is it less clear how eDNA interacts with cells and matrix components. A few eDNA-binding biomolecules have been identified, revealing new concepts in biofilm formation. Being anionic, eDNA chelates cations and restricts diffusion of cationic antimicrobials. Furthermore, chelation of Mg(2+) triggers a genetic response that further increases resistance. The multifaceted role of eDNA makes it an attractive target to sensitize biofilms to conventional antimicrobial treatment or development of new strategies to combat biofilms.

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Metadata

Authors
Okshevsky, M., & Meyer, R. L.
Venue
Critical Reviews in Microbiology
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2013-12-04
Volume
41
Issue
3
Pages
341-352
ISSN
  • 1040-841X (ISSN-L)
  • 1549-7828
DOI
10.3109/1040841x.2013.841639
OpenAlex
W2027438571
Cited by
526
References
16
FWCI
7.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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Okshevsky, M., & Meyer, R. L. (2015). The role of extracellular DNA in the establishment, maintenance and perpetuation of bacterial biofilms. Critical Reviews in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3109/1040841x.2013.841639

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