Control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in contaminated alfalfa silage: Effects of silage additives.
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This study was conducted to examine if adding microbial inoculants or propionic acid to alfalfa silages contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 would inhibit the growth of the pathogen during or after ensiling. Alfalfa forage was harvested at the early bloom stage, wilted to a dry matter concentration of 54%, chopped to 19-mm lengths, and ensiled after treatment with one of the following: (1) distilled water (control); (2) 1×10(5) cfu/g of E. coli O157:H7 (EC); (3) EC and 1×10(6) cfu/g of Lactobacillus plantarum (EC+LP); (4) EC and 1×10(6) cfu/g of Lactobacillus buchneri (EC+LB); and (5) EC and 2.2g/kg of propionic acid (EC+PA). Each treatment was ensiled in quadruplicate in laboratory silos for 0, 3, 7, 16, and 100d and analyzed for EC counts, pH, and organic acids. In addition, samples from d 100 were analyzed for chemical composition, ammonia-N, counts of yeasts and molds, and aerobic stability. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was detected in all silages until d 7, but by d 16 it was not detected in those treated with EC+LB and EC+LP, though it was still detected in EC and EC+PA silages. However, by d 100, the pathogen was not detected in any silage. The rate of pH decrease to 5.0 was fastest for the EC+LP silage (7d), followed by the EC+LB silage (16d). Nevertheless, all silages had attained a pH of or less than 5.0 by d 100. The rapid decrease in pH in EC+LP and EC+LB silages was observed due to higher lactate and acetate concentrations, respectively, relative to the other silages during the early fermentation phase (d 3-16). Propionic acid was only detected in the EC+PA silage. Yeast counts were lowest in EC+LB and EC+PA silages. Subsamples of all d-100 silages were reinoculated with 1×10(5) cfu/g of EC immediately after silo opening. When the pathogen was subsequently enumerated after 168h of aerobic exposure, it was not detected in silages treated with EC+PA, EC+LB, or EC+LP, which all had pH values less than 5.0. Whereas the EC silage had a pH value of 5.4 and 2.3 log cfu/g of the pathogen. Certain bacterial inoculants can hasten the inhibition of E. coli O157:H7 during ensiling, such as propionic acid, and they can also prevent its growth on silage contaminated with the pathogen after ensiling.
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pH values reported after fermentation with L. plantarum ranged from 4.29 to 5.01.
“However, L. plantarum has been successfully used over a wide range of DM, pH values reported after fermentation ranged from 4.29 to 5.01 (Filya et al., 2007; Ogunade et al., 2016).”
From Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Different Forages as Silage Inoculants for Improving Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability (2020) · cites this paper as Ogunade et al., 2016
L. plantarum has been successfully used over a wide range of DM.
“However, L. plantarum has been successfully used over a wide range of DM, pH values reported after fermentation ranged from 4.29 to 5.01 (Filya et al., 2007; Ogunade et al., 2016).”
From Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Different Forages as Silage Inoculants for Improving Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability (2020) · cites this paper as Ogunade et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Ogunade, I. M., Kim, D. H., Jiang, Y., Weinberg, Z. G., Jeong, K. C., & Adesogan, A. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Gyeongsang National University (KR)
- Agricultural Research Organization (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Adesogan, A.T.
- Venue
- Journal of Dairy Science
- Publisher
- American Dairy Science Association
- Published
- 2016-06
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 4427-4436
- ISSN
- 0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2333962504
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 12.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- BARD
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Escherichia coli research studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Keywords
- Escherichia coli O157:H7, alfalfa silage, silage additives, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus buchneri, propionic acid, microbial inoculants, pathogen inactivation, silage fermentation, silage pH, organic acids, aerobic stability, yeast and mold counts, forage safety
- MeSH terms
- Medicago sativa, Food Contamination, Lactobacillus, Propionates, Silage, Time Factors, Escherichia coli O157, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
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