A Perspective on the Interplay of Ultraviolet-Radiation, Skin Microbiome and Skin Resident Memory TCRαβ+ Cells
Open accessAbstract
The human skin is known to be inhabited by diverse microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and mites. This microbiota exerts a protective role against infections by promoting immune development and inhibiting pathogenic microbes to colonize skin. One of the factors having an intense effect on the skin and its resident microbes is ultraviolet-radiation (UV-R). UV-R can promote or inhibit the growth of microbes on the skin and modulate the immune system which can be either favorable or harmful. Among potential UV-R targets, skin resident memory T cells (TRM) stand as well positioned immune cells at the forefront within the skin. Both CD4+ or CD8+ αβ TRM cells residing permanently in peripheral tissues have been shown to play prominent roles in providing accelerated and long-lived specific immunity, tissue homeostasis, wound repair. Nevertheless, their response upon UV-R exposure or signals from microbiome are poorly understood compared to resident TCRγδ cells. Skin TRM survive for long periods of time and are exposed to innumerable antigens during lifetime. The interplay of TRM with skin residing microbes may be crucial in pathophysiology of various diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and polymorphic light eruption. In this article, we share our perspective about how UV-R may directly shape the persistence, phenotype, specificity, and function of skin TRM; and moreover, weather UV-R alters barrier function, leading to microbial-specific skin TRM, disrupting the healthy balance between skin microbiome and skin immune cells, and resulting in chronic inflammation and diseased skin.
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Direct ultraviolet-induced DNA and membrane damage to the skin microbiome may result in pathogen-associated molecular patterns that interfere with ultraviolet-induced immune suppression.
“On the other hand, direct ultraviolet-induced DNA and membrane damage to the skin microbiome may result in pathogen-associated molecular patterns that interfere with ultraviolet-induced immune suppression (Patra et al. 2018).”
From Skin protection from solar ultraviolet radiation using natural compounds: a review (2024) · cites this paper as Patra et al. 2018
The Introduction’s ‘Ultraviolet-radiation (UV-R)’ section says UV affects the skin microbiome and that a skin commensal may diminish UV-induced immune suppression by converting cis-urocanic acid to its trans form. It does not say that UV directly damages microbial DNA or membranes, or that damage generates pathogen-associated molecular patterns that interfere with immune suppression. The paper provides a different proposed mechanism for the claimed interference. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMicrococcus luteus strain has the unique ability to counteract the negative effects of ultraviolet on the immune system by converting the cis-urocanic acid produced by ultraviolet radiation during skin exposure.
“The Micrococcus luteus strain has the unique ability to counteract the negative effects of ultraviolet on the immune system by converting the cis-urocanic acid produced by ultraviolet radiation during skin exposure (Patra et al. 2018).”
From Skin protection from solar ultraviolet radiation using natural compounds: a review (2024) · cites this paper as Patra et al. 2018
The Introduction’s UV-R section says that UV exposure converts trans-urocanic acid to cis-urocanic acid and that Micrococcus luteus can convert cis-UCA back to its trans form. It says this could *potentially* diminish immune suppression; it does not establish that the bacterium counteracts UV’s immune effects or that this ability is unique. Page numbers are not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Self-citationSunlight, Immunosuppression And Skin Cancer: Role Of Histamine And Mast Cells
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The Effect of UV Irradiation on Infection of Mice with Borrelia burgdorferi¶
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The Viral Etiology of Skin Cancer
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Self-citation
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“Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome?
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Update on the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis (Review)
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Tissue-resident memory T cells in the skin
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Immunological Memory of Psoriatic Lesions
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Behaviour and sun exposure in holidaymakers alters skin microbiota composition and diversity
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Gut microbiome-mediated changes in bone metabolism upon infrared light exposure in rats
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Self-citationSil, P., Suwanpradid, J., Muse, G. W., Gruzdev, A., Liu, L., Corcoran, D. L., Willson, C. J., Janardhan, K. S., Grimm, S. A., Myers, P., et al. (2019) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2019.11.041 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
RetractedA narrative review of the impact of ultraviolet radiation and sunscreen on the skin microbiome
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Cutaneous antimicrobial peptides: New “actors” in pollution related inflammatory conditions
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Immune Memory: A New Frontier in Treating Recurrent Inflammatory Skin Diseases
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Sun exposure: An environmental preventer of metabolic dysfunction?
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Long-Term Course of Polymorphic Light Eruption: A Registry Analysis
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Microbial Dysbiosis in Photodermatoses: Formation, Pathogenesis and Intervention Strategies
Zhong, L., Wang, T., Tang, L., Han, J., Zhao, Q., & Lin, N. (2026) · Current Issues in Molecular Biology · doi:10.3390/cimb48050493 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fotoinmunología: efectos inmunológicos de la radiación ultravioleta e implicaciones en dermatología
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Relapse or recall? Docetaxel-associated re-emergence of paraneoplastic dermatomyositis
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Cutaneous Photosensitivity Diseases
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Mécanismes de l'immunothérapie épicutanée des allergies alimentaires
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Patra, V., Laoubi, L., Nicolas, J.-F., Vocanson, M., & Wolf, P.
- Affiliations
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- Medical University of Graz (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Vocanson, Marc
- Wolf, Peter
- Venue
- Frontiers in Medicine
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-05-30
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- 166-166
- ISSN
- 2296-858X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5988872
- OpenAlex
- W2800667911
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 126
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Austrian Science Fund (W1241)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Keywords
- ultraviolet radiation, skin microbiome, skin-resident memory T cells, TCR alpha beta T cells, TCR gamma delta T cells, skin barrier function, chronic skin inflammation, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, polymorphous light eruption, immune homeostasis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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