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Cited by 40Ion channel regulation and functionNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain function

Homeostatic regulation of neuronal function: importance of degeneracy and pleiotropy

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Yang, Jane, Prescott, Steven A.·2023·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
DOI 10.3389/fncel.2023.1184563PMC PMC10272428
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Abstract

Neurons maintain their average firing rate and other properties within narrow bounds despite changing conditions. This homeostatic regulation is achieved using negative feedback to adjust ion channel expression levels. To understand how homeostatic regulation of excitability normally works and how it goes awry, one must consider the various ion channels involved as well as the other regulated properties impacted by adjusting those channels when regulating excitability. This raises issues of degeneracy and pleiotropy. Degeneracy refers to disparate solutions conveying equivalent function (e.g., different channel combinations yielding equivalent excitability). This many-to-one mapping contrasts the one-to-many mapping described by pleiotropy (e.g., one channel affecting multiple properties). Degeneracy facilitates homeostatic regulation by enabling a disturbance to be offset by compensatory changes in any one of several different channels or combinations thereof. Pleiotropy complicates homeostatic regulation because compensatory changes intended to regulate one property may inadvertently disrupt other properties. Co-regulating multiple properties by adjusting pleiotropic channels requires greater degeneracy than regulating one property in isolation and, by extension, can fail for additional reasons such as solutions for each property being incompatible with one another. Problems also arise if a perturbation is too strong and/or negative feedback is too weak, or because the set point is disturbed. Delineating feedback loops and their interactions provides valuable insight into how homeostatic regulation might fail. Insofar as different failure modes require distinct interventions to restore homeostasis, deeper understanding of homeostatic regulation and its pathological disruption may reveal more effective treatments for chronic neurological disorders like neuropathic pain and epilepsy.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Yang, J., & Prescott, S. A.
Affiliations
University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author
Prescott, Steven A.
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2023-06-02
Volume
17
Pages
1184563-1184563
ISSN
1662-5102 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fncel.2023.1184563
PMC
PMC10272428
OpenAlex
W4379233035
Cited by
40
References
9
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 5
FWCI
1.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Keywords
neuronal homeostasis, degeneracy, pleiotropy, negative feedback, ion channel expression, neuronal excitability, compensatory changes, feedback loops, neuropathic pain, epilepsy, chronic neurological disease

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