Meditation-induced changes in high-frequency heart rate variability predict smoking outcomes

Libby, Daniel J.; Worhunsky, Patrick D.; Pilver, Corey E.; Brewer, Judson A.

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00054

Cited by 56Smoking Behavior and CessationHeart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlMindfulness and Compassion Interventions

Meditation-induced changes in high-frequency heart rate variability predict smoking outcomes

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Libby, Daniel J., Worhunsky, Patrick D., Pilver, Corey E., Brewer, Judson A.·2012·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00054PMC PMC3307046

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: High-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) is a measure of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) output that has been associated with enhanced self-regulation. Low resting levels of HF-HRV are associated with nicotine dependence and blunted stress-related changes in HF-HRV are associated with decreased ability to resist smoking. Meditation has been shown to increase HF-HRV. However, it is unknown whether tonic levels of HF-HRV or acute changes in HF-HRV during meditation predict treatment responses in addictive behaviors such as smoking cessation. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between HF-HRV and subsequent smoking outcomes. METHODS: HF-HRV during resting baseline and during mindfulness meditation was measured within two weeks of completing a 4-week smoking cessation intervention in a sample of 31 community participants. Self-report measures of smoking were obtained at a follow up 17-weeks after the initiation of treatment. RESULTS: Regression analyses indicated that individuals exhibiting acute increases in HF-HRV from resting baseline to meditation smoked fewer cigarettes at follow-up than those who exhibited acute decreases in HF-HRV (b = -4.89, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: Acute changes in HF-HRV in response to meditation may be a useful tool to predict smoking cessation treatment response.

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Physiological changes such as heart rate and galvanic skin response correlate with internal emotional responses.
“Physiological changes such as heart rate and galvanic skin response (GSR), among others, correlate with internal emotional responses (Libby et al., 2012).”
From Repetitive Religious Chanting Modulates the Late-Stage Brain Response to Fear- and Stress-Provoking Pictures (2017) · cites this paper as Libby et al., 2012
The paper’s discussion of HF-HRV and psychological conditions says that negative affect can accompany an acute increase in heart rate. It does not address galvanic skin response, so the citation supports the heart-rate portion but not the claim about GSR. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Mindfulness meditation and its neural correlates have been investigated in several studies by means of block-design fMRI.
“Mindfulness meditation and its neural correlates have been investigated in several studies [36, 81] by means of block-design fMRI.”
From State and training effects of mindfulness meditation on brain networks reflect neuronal mechanisms of its antidepressant effect (2016) · cites this paper as [81]
The Materials and methods sections describe mindfulness meditation performed in an fMRI scanner in blocked runs. But Participants says the fMRI data would be presented elsewhere; this paper does not report neural correlates of meditation. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Reviewed by:
Libby, D. J., Worhunsky, P. D., Pilver, C. E., Brewer, J. A., Creswell, J. D., Mellon, C., Brewer, J. A., & Connecticut, V. (2012)
Self-citation
Int.J. Behav. Med. DOI 10.1007/s12529-013-9295-0 Effects of Smoking Cessation on Heart Rate Variability Among Long-Term Male Smokers
Harte, C. B., Meston, C. M., Harte, C. B., Harte, C. B., & Meston, C. M. (2014)
The Association of Cigarette Smoking With High-Frequency Heart Rate Variability: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Bodin, F., McIntyre, K. M., Schwartz, J. E., McKinley, P. S., Cardetti, C., Shapiro, P. A., Gorenstein, E. E., & Sloan, R. P. (2017) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000507 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Effects of Smoking Cessation on Heart Rate Variability Among Long-Term Male Smokers
Harte, C. B., & Meston, C. M. (2013) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-013-9295-0 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Heart rate variability during the first month of smoking cessation
Yotsukura, M., Koide, Y., Fujii, K., Tomono, Y., Katayama, A., Ando, H., Suzuki, J., & Ishikawa, K. (1998) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(98)70065-1 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

Authors: Libby, D. J., Worhunsky, P. D., Pilver, C. E., & Brewer, J. A.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
Corresponding author: Brewer, Judson A.
ORCID: Worhunsky, Patrick D.
Brewer, Judson A.
Venue: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2012
Volume: 6
Pages: 54-54
ISSN: 1662-5161 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00054
PMC: PMC3307046
OpenAlex: W1999320311
Cited by: 56
References: 86
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 4.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc
Locations: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Yale University (P50-DA09241)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-00167, DA09241., K12 DA00167, P50-DA-0-9241)
NIH Clinical Center
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Keywords: high-frequency heart rate variability, mindfulness meditation, smoking cessation, nicotine dependence, parasympathetic nervous system, treatment response prediction, self-regulation, stress response

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Meditation-induced changes in high-frequency heart rate variability predict smoking outcomes

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