Mindfulness-based treatments for co-occurring depression and substance use disorders: what can we learn from the brain?
Open accessAbstract
Both depression and substance use disorders represent major global public health concerns and are often co-occurring. Although there are ongoing discoveries regarding the pathophysiology and treatment of each condition, common mechanisms and effective treatments for co-occurring depression and substance abuse remain elusive. Mindfulness training has been shown recently to benefit both depression and substance use disorders, suggesting that this approach may target common behavioral and neurobiological processes. However, it remains unclear whether these pathways constitute specific shared neurobiological mechanisms or more extensive components universal to the broader human experience of psychological distress or suffering.We offer a theoretical, clinical and neurobiological perspective of the overlaps between these disorders, highlight common neural pathways that play a role in depression and substance use disorders and discuss how these commonalities may frame our conceptualization and treatment of co-occurring disorders. Finally, we discuss how advances in our understanding of potential mechanisms of mindfulness training may offer not only unique effects on depression and substance use, but also offer promise for treatment of co-occurring disorders.
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Mindfulness-based interventions bring habitual behaviours into consciousness by teaching smokers to focus attention on the present moment.
“Further, by teaching smokers to focus their attention on what is happening in the moment, mindfulness‐based interventions bring habitual behaviours into consciousness.”
From Mindfulness for smoking cessation (2022) · cites this paper as Brewer 2010
The Attention section says mindfulness training teaches present-moment attention and hypothesizes that this helps people notice overlearned behavioral patterns as they arise. That supports the proposed mechanism, but the paper does not establish it specifically in smokers or state it as a demonstrated effect. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThis enables people to understand associative learning and focus on affect and craving as central components of positive and negative reinforcement loops.
“This enables people to understand the associative learning process, and focus on affect and craving as central components of positive and negative reinforcement loops (Brewer 2010).”
From Mindfulness for smoking cessation (2022) · cites this paper as Brewer 2010
In “Mechanism of action in mindfulness training—Attention” (page not supplied), the paper says mindfulness may help people notice overlearned behavioral patterns and associations between mood and depressive thoughts. Its “Acceptance” section discusses negative affect and urges to use substances. The paper does not describe affect and craving as central components of positive and negative reinforcement loops, so that specific framing is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredME may contribute to improve problematic smartphone users' ability to tolerate discomfort associated with craving.
“Moreover, ME may contribute to improve problematic smartphone users ' ability to tolerate discomfort associated with craving [14,46].”
From Comparative effectiveness of mind-body exercise versus cognitive behavioral therapy for college students with problematic smartphone use: A randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [46]
In the ‘Acceptance’ section, the paper reports that people with substance use disorders describe greater ability to tolerate and manage urges when using a mindfulness approach. It does not study problematic smartphone users, so applying that finding to their craving-related discomfort is an extrapolation. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA positive association between problematic use level and mental health (loneliness, anxiety, stress) has been established.
“As the positive association between problematic use level and mental health (i.e., loneliness, anxiety and stress) has been established [46,47].”
From Comparative effectiveness of mind-body exercise versus cognitive behavioral therapy for college students with problematic smartphone use: A randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [46]
The Neurobiological perspectives section (page unavailable) reports established links among stress, depression and substance use. The Acceptance section also reports a correlation between negative affect and longer duration of use. Neither passage establishes a positive association between problematic-use level and each of loneliness, anxiety and stress; loneliness is not addressed. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredRecent pilot studies have shown that mindfulness may be safe in people with psychosis.
“However, recent pilot studies have shown that mindfulness may be safe. In this population, it is recommended that practices are shorter, guidance is more frequent, and explicit reference is made to psychotic phenomena.23”
From Mindfulness in psychiatry - Where are we now? (2016) · cites this paper as [23]
The Clinical perspectives section discusses mindfulness studies in depression and substance use disorders, but does not address safety in people with psychosis. Searches for psychosis, schizophrenia, safety, and the recommended practice modifications found no relevant passage in our copy; page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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InfluentialThe neural correlates of direct and reflected self-knowledge
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Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorder
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A Guide to Treatments That Work
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“quently: about one-third of individuals with MDD also have symptoms consistent with an SUD [4], and life-time prevalence of a co-occurring SUD ranges from 30% to 42.”
Negative Affect, Emotional Acceptance, and Smoking Cessation
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“Similarly, substance abuse treatments include CBT, relapse prevention, motivational interviewing (MI), contingency management (CM) and 12-Step programs [8–10].”
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“CBT has been modified for people with SUDs and depression and has shown moderate effects therein [14].”
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“After the initial success in treating chronic pain, the effectiveness of mindfulnessbased therapies was investigated for treatment of other conditions including anxiety disorders [19–22], addiction [23–26] and depression [27,28], although methodological quality of these studies has been suboptimal”
Behavioral therapies for co-occurring substance use and mood disorders
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“CM has been adopted more recently for dually diagnosed populations, although mood symptomatology was not measured in these studies, leaving its broader efficacy unverified [13].”
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“Similarly, stress has been shown to be instrumental in SUDs: stress cross-sensitizes to both stimulant (74) and alcohol (75) use, induces craving (76), and increases self-administration of drugs such as amphetamines (77), cocaine (78), and alcohol (79).”
Depression and daydreaming: An analysis based on self‐ratings
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“Well-supported behavioral treatments for depression include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), behavioural–activation therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and exercise [7].”
Orbitofrontal Cortex and Cognitive‐Motivational Impairments in Psychostimulant Addiction
Olausson, P., Jentsch, J. D., Krueger‐Burg, D., Tronson, N. C., Nairn, A. C., & Taylor, J. R. (2007) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1401.016 · Cited by 54 · cited 4× · see citing works
“(53) Participation in the MM therapy correlated to or mediated the improvements in substance use and relapse-related outcomes, with small-to-large effect size.(44,45,47,48,50,53) One uncontrolled study compared "relapsers" (N=7; subjects reporting at least one heavy drinking day during the study) to non-relapsers (N=8…”
InfluentialRohsenow, D. J., Smith, R. E., & Johnson, S. (1985) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(85)90052-8 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Motivational Interviewing With Dually Diagnosed Adolescents in Juvenile Justice Settings
Feldstein, S. W., & Ginsburg, J. I. D. (2006) · Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention · doi:10.1093/brief-treatment/mhl003 · Cited by 50 · cited 1× · see citing works
“MI has demonstrated efficacy for many types of substance abuse, although few studies have been conducted with dual diagnosis patients [12,13].”
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“Additionally, although co-occurring psychotic and anxiety disorders are common and warrant discussion, the majority of the current discussion will be limited to co-occurring MDD and SUDs.”
InfluentialLowman, C., Allen, J. M., & Stout, R. L. (1996) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.91.12s1.16.x · Cited by 45 · see citing works
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“Similarly, stress has been shown to be instrumental in SUDs: stress cross-sensitizes to both stimulant [73] and alcohol [74] use, induces craving [75] and increases selfadministration of drugs such as amphetamines [76],”
Reduction of autonomic arousal in alcoholics: A comparison of relaxation and meditation techniques.
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Self-citationMindfulness-based meditation in a therapeutic community
Marcus, M. T., Fine, M., & Kouzekanani, K. (2001) · Journal of Substance Use · doi:10.3109/14659890109059829 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Use And Assessment Of Complementary And Alternative Therapies By Intravenous Drug Users
Manheimer, E. W., Anderson, B. J., & Stein, M. D. (2003) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1081/ada-120020522 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Maintaining Sobriety: Stopping Is Starting
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Self-citationThe impact of Hatha yoga on smoking behavior.
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Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Personality Disorders
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Relapse Prevention in Substance Misuse: Introduction
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“Also, higher intensity of negative affect has been correlated with longer duration of use [112], and worse distress tolerance has been associated with decreased”
The Effects of Chi-Kung on Spirituality and Alcohol/Other Drug Dependency Recovery
Niederman, R. (2003) · Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly · doi:10.1300/j020v21n01_06 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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Dong, G., & Potenza, M. N. (2014) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.07.005 · Cited by 559 · see citing works
Self-citationWitkiewitz, K., & Bowen, S. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0019172 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness and Behavior Change
Schuman-Olivier, Z., Trombka, M., Lovas, D. A., Brewer, J. A., Vago, D. R., Gawande, R., Dunne, J. P., Lazar, S. W., Loucks, E. B., & Fulwiler, C. (2020) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000277 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness training for smoking cessation: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Brewer, J. A., Mallik, S., Babuscio, T. A., Nich, C., Johnson, H. E., Deleone, C. M., Minnix-Cotton, C. A., Byrne, S. A., Kober, H., Weinstein, A. J., et al. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.027 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
“…hypothesized to not only bring habituated behaviors into consciousness such that they can be worked with effectively, but also target the associative learning process with an emphasis on affect and craving as critical components of positive and negative reinforcement loops (Brewer et al., 2010b).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationBrewer, J. A., Elwafi, H. M., & Davis, J. H. (2013) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0028490 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
“…lead to addictions is beyond the scope of this discussion (Robinson, Sareen, Cox, & Bolton, 2011), another theoretical benefit of MT in the treatment of addictions is that it may concurrently target co-occurring disorders, effectively " killing two birds with one stone " (Brewer et al., 2010).”
InfluentialSelf-citationPotenza, M. N., Hong, K., Lacadie, C., Fulbright, R. K., Tuit, K. L., & Sinha, R. (2012) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11020289 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Self-citationMindful attention reduces neural and self-reported cue-induced craving in smokers
Westbrook, C., Creswell, J. D., Tabibnia, G., Julson, E., Kober, H., & Tindle, H. A. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr076 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
A narrative review of yoga and mindfulness as complementary therapies for addiction
Khanna, S., & Greeson, J. M. (2013) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2013.01.008 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Neuroscience of Behavioral and Pharmacological Treatments for Addictions
Potenza, M. N., Sofuoglu, M., Carroll, K. M., & Rounsaville, B. J. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.009 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
“Based in part on Buddhist tenets and practices, mindfulness-based therapies have been developed to target stress and negative mood states in depression and examined in preliminary studies of addictions (Brewer et al., 2010).”
Self-citationWitkiewitz, K., Lustyk, M. K. B., & Bowen, S. (2013) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0029258 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationWitkiewitz, K. A., Bowen, S. W., Harrop, E. N., Carroll, H. A., Enkema, M. C., & Sedgwick, C. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.891845 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
“Indeed, mindfulness practices are currently integrated into treatments for a wide range of psychiatric disorders that commonly cooccur with substance use, ranging from eating disorders and depression to psychosis (Brewer et al., 2010; Chadwick, Newman Taylor, & Abba, 2005; Davis, Strasburger, & Brown, 2007; Kristeller…”
BackgroundSelf-citationJensen, M. P., Jamieson, G. A., Lutz, A., Mazzoni, G., McGeown, W. J., Santarcangelo, E. L., Demertzi, A., De Pascalis, V., Bányai, É. I., Rominger, C., et al. (2017) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/nix004 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
“Psychotherapists and clinicians use both to treat similar types of conditions, such as major depression (Lynn et al. 2010; Segal et al. 2010; Alladin 2014), acute or chronic pain (Patterson and Jensen 2003; Chiesa and Serretti 2011), and substance abuse (Barnes et al. 2010; Brewer et al. 2010).”
BackgroundElwafi, H. M., Witkiewitz, K., Mallik, S., IV, T. A. T., & Brewer, J. A. (2013) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.015 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Self-citationBurke, A., Lam, C. N., Stussman, B. J., & Yang, H. (2017) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1827-8 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of the relationship between trait mindfulness and substance use behaviors
Karyadi, K. A., VanderVeen, J. D., & Cyders, M. A. (2014) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.07.014 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
“Individuals with high levels of trait mindfulness are theorized to be better able to view aversive experiences as being transient and to be less likely to engage in substance use behaviors as a way of coping with such experiences (Brewer et al., 2010; de Dios et al., 2012; Kabat-Zinn, 2003).”
BackgroundNeurobiological considerations in understanding behavioral treatments for pathological gambling.
Potenza, M. N., Balodis, I. M., Franco, C. A., Bullock, S. A., Xu, J., Chung, T. A., & Grant, J. E. (2013) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0032389 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationThe epistemic and pragmatic value of non-action: a predictive coding perspective on meditation
Antoine Lutz, A., Mattout, J., & Pagnoni, G. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.019 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Cavicchioli, M., Movalli, M., Vassena, G., Ramella, P., Prudenziati, F., & Maffei, C. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106035 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Price, C. J., Wells, E. A., Donovan, D. M., & Rue, T. (2012) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2011.09.016 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Roos, C. R., Bowen, S., & Witkiewitz, K. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000249 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
“Indeed, two review papers have proposed that mindfulness-based interventions may be particularly appropriate for individuals with co-occurring SUDs and depression (Brewer et al., 2010; Vujanovic et al., 2016).”
Self-citationVujanovic, A. A., Meyer, T. D., Heads, A. M. B., Stotts, A. L., Villarreal, Y. R., & Schmitz, J. M. (2016) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2016.1199697 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“tions for patients diagnosed with both SUD and depression has been discussed (52,59), we could not identify any controlled studies that targeted indivi-”
BackgroundDavis, J. P., Berry, D., Dumas, T. M., Ritter, E., Smith, D. C., Menard, C., & Roberts, B. W. (2018) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2018.05.002 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Treatment approaches for interoceptive dysfunctions in drug addiction
Paulus, M. P., Stewart, J. L., & Haase, L. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00137 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“Despite the evidence for the clinical efficacy of mindfulnessbased methods, the specificity of the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms is still unclear (102).”
BackgroundPotenza, M. N. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.05.007 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationGlasner, S., Mooney, L. J., Ang, A., Garneau, H. C., Hartwell, E., Brecht, M.-L., & Rawson, R. A. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0586-9 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Gandy, S., Forstmann, M., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Timmermann, C., Luke, D. P., & Watts, R. (2020) · Health Psychology Open · doi:10.1177/2055102920978123 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“…are associated with reductions in rumination (Jury and Jose, 2019; Williams, 2008), positive outcomes in the treatment of depression and addiction (Brewer et al., 2010; Deng et al., 2014; Williams, 2008; Witkiewitz and Bowen, 2010) and may contribute to the treatment of PTSD (Boyd et al., 2018;…”
BackgroundThe Practice of Positive Criminology
Ronel, N., Frid, N., & Timor, U. (2011) · International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology · doi:10.1177/0306624x11427664 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Spirituality in Addictions Treatment: Wisdom to Know…What It Is
Sussman, S. Y., Milam, J. E., Arpawong, T. E., Tsai, J., Black, D. S., & Wills, T. A. (2013) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2013.800343 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“Positive changes in brain structure and function associated with recovery are found in response to mindfulness meditation, indicating the program’s applicability to addictions treatment (Brewer et al., 2010; Galanter, 2006; Witkiewitz, Lustyk, & Bowen, 2012).”
BackgroundAdolescent brain development, substance use, and psychotherapeutic change.
Wetherill, R. R., & Tapert, S. F. (2012) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0029111 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“According to a recent review of mindfulness (Brewer et al., 2010), mindfulness training to shift attention toward the present moment and acceptance of thoughts and sensations could help adolescents gain a nonattached viewpoint and increase tolerance of unpleasant situations, feelings, and stress…”
BackgroundMeditation-induced changes in high-frequency heart rate variability predict smoking outcomes
Libby, D. J., Worhunsky, P. D., Pilver, C. E., & Brewer, J. A. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00054 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“In the context of addiction, mindfulness meditation is hypothesized to increase one’s ability to maintain a non-reactive mindset when confronted with stress and/or cravings (Brewer et al., 2009, 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLee, K.-H., Bowen, S., & An-Fu, B. (2011) · Journal of Substance Use · doi:10.3109/14659891.2010.505999 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationEwing, S. W. F., Filbey, F. M., Hendershot, C. S., McEachern, A. D., & Hutchison, K. E. (2011) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2011.72.903 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“Thus, an examination of this model across other behavioral treatments would be helpful (e.g., Brewer et al., 2010).”
BackgroundSerotonergic Hallucinogens and Emerging Targets for Addiction Pharmacotherapies
Ross, S. (2012) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2012.04.002 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Dong, G., Dai, J., & Potenza, M. N. (2024) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2023.00071 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based treatment appears effective in changing maladaptive cognitive processes and increasing adaptive coping among people with addictions or related behaviours/conditions (Brewer, Bowen, Smith, Marlatt, & Potenza, 2010; Garland & Howard, 2018), which may also be useful in treating IGD.”
BackgroundSelf-citationMindfulness:<i>A Transtherapeutic Approach for Transdiagnostic Mental Processes</i>
Greeson, J., Garland, E. L., & Black, D. (2014) · The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Mindfulness · doi:10.1002/9781118294895.ch28 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Blycker, G. R., & Potenza, M. N. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.7.2018.127 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“In treating addictions, mindfulness-based relapse prevention treatment utilizing SOBER (stop, observe, breath focus, expand awareness, and respond consciously) breathing meditation and urge surfing may decrease reactivity to triggers, craving, and negative affect (Bowen & Marlatt, 2009; Brewer et al., 2010; Hendershot…”
Self-citationBarrett, K., & Chang, Y. (2016) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12213 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The Treatment of Obesity and Its Co-Occurrence With Substance Use Disorders
VanBuskirk, K. A., & Potenza, M. N. (2010) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0b013e3181ce38e7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationCavicchioli, M., Movalli, M., & Maffei, C. (2019) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1511724 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Andreu, C. I., Cosmelli, D., Slagter, H. A., & Franken, I. H. A. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191661 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Zemestani, M., & Ottaviani, C. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0576-y · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“pression, anxiety, and substance use (Brewer et al. 2010).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialLu, C., Zou, L., Becker, B., D. Griffiths, M., Yu, Q., Chen, S.-T., Demetrovics, Z., Jiao, C., Chi, X., Chen, A., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.32604/ijmhp.2020.014419 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Ewing, S. W. F., & Chung, T. A. (2013) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0031491 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“Articles addressing brain-based mechanisms of psychotherapy change in addictive behaviors have appeared more recently (e.g., Brewer et al., 2010; Feldstein Ewing et al., 2011; Goldstein et al., 2009; Hutchison, 2010; Potenza et al., 2011), but the topic clearly warrants greater attention.”
Mindfulness for smoking cessation
Jackson, S., Brown, J., Norris, E., Livingstone-Banks, J., Hayes, E., & Lindson, N. (2022) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013696.pub2 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“This enables people to understand the associative learning process, and focus on aCect and craving as central components of positive and negative reinforcement loops (Brewer 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialZhu, D. H., Jiang, M., Ding, X., & Schöllhorn, W. I. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.528373 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Thinking through text comprehension I: Foundation and guiding relations.
Layng, T. V. J., Sota, M. S., & Leon, M. (2011) · The Behavior Analyst Today · doi:10.1037/h0100706 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mindfulness in psychiatry - Where are we now?
Groves, P. (2016) · BJPsych Bulletin · doi:10.1192/pb.bp.115.052993 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
McKenzie, S. P., Hassed, C. S., & Gear, J. L. (2012) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2012.08.003 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Reid, H., & Ledgerwood, D. M. (2015) · Addiction Research and Theory · doi:10.3109/16066359.2015.1060967 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Treatments designed to enhance mindfulness, distress tolerance and coping may be helpful for depressed smokers, and could be important targets for future research (Brewer et al., 2010; Brown et al., 2008; Dimeff & Linehan, 2008; Linehan et al., 2002).”
BackgroundKeith, J. R., Rapgay, L., Theodore, D., Schwartz, J. M., & Ross, J. L. (2014) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000016 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Neurological evidence of acceptance and commitment therapy effectiveness in college-age gamblers
Dixon, M. R., Wilson, A. N., & Habib, R. (2016) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.04.004 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Shorey, R. C., Brasfield, H., Anderson, S., & Stuart, G. L. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.850310 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“…“personal truths,” historical observation, precedents and traditions that accumulate over time, conventional substance use, depression, and PTSD (e.g., Brewer et al., 2010), these findings are not surprising, although they are important in providing empirical evidence for assumptions…”
BackgroundDie neuronale Basis von Meditation und Achtsamkeit
Esch, T. (2014) · SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice · doi:10.1024/0939-5911.a000288 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Rod, K. (2016) · Pain Research and Management · doi:10.1155/2016/8714785 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Mindfulness meditation-based therapies alone are being increasingly used as interventions for psychiatric disorders [28], rheumatoid arthritis [9], substance abuse disorders [29], and chronic pain [30].”
BackgroundMemedovic, S., Slade, T., Ross, J., Darke, S., Mills, K. L., Marel, C., Burns, L., Lynskey, M., & Teesson, M. (2019) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.028 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Stewart, J. L., Parnass, J. M., May, A. C., Davenport, P. W., & Paulus, M. P. (2013) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2013.00089 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“In addition, an inspiratory breathing load shown to activate insula and PFC during decision making was used as an aversive interoceptive manipulation (Paulus et al., 2012) during the two-choice prediction task.”
Schuman‐Olivier, Z., Hoeppner, B. B., Evins, A. E., & Brewer, J. A. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.850254 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness and equanimity moderate approach/avoidance motor responses
Juneau, C., Shankland, R., Knaüper, B., & Dambrun, M. (2021) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2021.1927674 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Thus, the thoughts and emotions associated with certain stimuli may become less disruptive and cause fewer approach and avoidance reactions, weakening the association between the stimuli and the motivational reaction, for example by reducing craving and addictive behaviours (Bowen et al., 2009; Brewer et al., 2010; Wi…”
BackgroundPonte, S. C. B., Lino, C., Tavares, B., Amaral, B., Bettencourt, A. L., Nunes, T., Silva, C., & Mota‐Vieira, L. (2018) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.10.012 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Buddhist Approaches to Addiction Recovery
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“More mindful individuals could then gain the ability to reflect with greater objectivity on whether or not behaviors are consistent with their own values in choosing a course of action (Brown & Ryan, 2003) and make more informed decisions about persistence in play in the face of mounting losses.”
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The Emerging Science of Mindfulness as a Treatment for Addiction
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Self-citationCan Practicing Mindfulness Improve Lawyer Decision-Making, Ethics, and Leadership?Preprint
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“Mindfulness exercises commonly focus on specific meditation exercises (e.g., mindful breathing, mindfulness of daily experiences such as washing dishes, mindful eating), with the intention of bringing an individual’s attention to one focal point again and again (Brewer et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialMitigating Gambling-Related Harms in Children and Young People: A Scoping Review of Interventions
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“A number of authors have suggested that MBCT may be useful for depression with substance misuse (Brewer et al, 2010 ; Kay-Lambkin et al, 2007 ).”
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Relationship between levels of mindfulness and substance use pattern
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Using Preclinical Models to Understand the Neural Basis of Negative Urgency
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WITHDRAWN: Emotional regulation in gambling disorder
Mestre‐Bach, G., Fernández‐Aranda, F., Jiménez‐Múrcia, S., & Potenza, M. N. (2019) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.10.014 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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“In addiction settings, mindfulness training was linked to decreased substance use, craving, and drug abuse relapse rates by fostering greater interoceptive awareness and impulse control (Brewer et al., 2010).”
Efficacy of Mindfulness Meditation as a Therapeutic Tool in Problematic Pornography Consumption
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“…for reducing stress (Kabat-Zinn & Hanh, 1990), treating pain-related disorders (Astin, Shapiro, Eisenberg, & Forys, 2003), decreasing depression (Brewer, Bowen, Smith, Marlatt, & Potenza, 2010), and promoting abstinence or other positive outcomes in addictions (Hendershot, Witkiewitz, George, &…”
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“While mindfulness training has been studied in substance abuse and severe mental illness individually, no research has directly evaluated the efficacy of this intervention for people with cooccurring disorders (Brewer et al., 2010).”
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“These are impaired in those with SUDs and other mental illnesses [20-23].”
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“Mindfulness meditation (MM) has been proposed to concurrently target co-occurring depression and addictive disorders (27) and thus has been incorporated into clinical interventions (28).”
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“The risk for alcohol relapse is increased among individuals with depression, a common comorbid mental health disorder among individuals in substance use treatment (Bradizza, Stasiewicz, and Paas 2006; Brewer et al. 2010).”
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“Consistent with the results of other studies[32,33] based on theoretical foundations, it seems adolescents with high levels of mindfulness would be better able to recognize disturbing experiences and with lower likelihood being engaged in substance abuse behaviors as a way to deal with such experiences.[34,35]”
- Authors
- Brewer, J. A., Bowen, S., Smith, J. T., Marlatt, G. A., & Potenza, M. N.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brewer, Judson A.
- Venue
- Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-09-15
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1698-1706
- ISSN
- 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0443
- PMC
- PMC2905496
- OpenAlex
- W2167010758
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 177
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 13.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Addiction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (T32 AA 07455-24, RL1AA017539, T32AA007455)
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH019961, R25MH071584)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K24DA017899, P50DA009241, K12 DA00167, R01DA020908, P50-DA-0-9241, K12DA000167, T32DA007238)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based interventions, dual diagnosis, neurobiological mechanisms, psychological distress, substance use disorders, depression
- MeSH terms
- Affect, Attention, Brain, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Neural Pathways, Stress, Psychological, Thinking, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Meditation, Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical, Substance-Related Disorders, Secondary Prevention
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