Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder.
Open accessAbstract
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is an established program shown to reduce symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression. MBSR is believed to alter emotional responding by modifying cognitive-affective processes. Given that social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by emotional and attentional biases as well as distorted negative self-beliefs, we examined MBSR-related changes in the brain-behavior indices of emotional reactivity and regulation of negative self-beliefs in patients with SAD. Sixteen patients underwent functional MRI while reacting to negative self-beliefs and while regulating negative emotions using 2 types of attention deployment emotion regulation-breath-focused attention and distraction-focused attention. Post-MBSR, 14 patients completed neuroimaging assessments. Compared with baseline, MBSR completers showed improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms and self-esteem. During the breath-focused attention task (but not the distraction-focused attention task), they also showed (a) decreased negative emotion experience, (b) reduced amygdala activity, and (c) increased activity in brain regions implicated in attentional deployment. MBSR training in patients with SAD may reduce emotional reactivity while enhancing emotion regulation. These changes might facilitate reduction in SAD-related avoidance behaviors, clinical symptoms, and automatic emotional reactivity to negative self-beliefs in adults with SAD.
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In patients with SAD, MBSR has been shown to increase mindfulness skills, attention regulation, self-esteem, functioning, and quality of life, and to decrease negative self-views, trait anxiety, negative emotional reactivity, and depression.
“More specifically, in patients with SAD, MBSR has been shown to increase mindfulness skills, attention regulation, self-esteem, functioning and quality of life, as well as decrease negative self-views, trait anxiety, negative emotional reactivity, and depression (Goldin & Gross, 2010; Goldin, Ramel, & Gross, 2009; Goldin, Ziv, Jazaieri, & Gross, 2012a; Goldin, Ziv, Jazaieri, Hahn, & Gross, 2013b;”
From Trajectories of social anxiety, cognitive reappraisal, and mindfulness during an RCT of CBGT versus MBSR for social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Goldin & Gross, 2010
The Results (Clinical Results and Behavioral Results; page numbers unavailable) report increased self-esteem, decreased depression and reduced negative emotion during breath-focused attention, but no reduction in negative emotion when simply reacting to negative self-beliefs. The paper also reports earlier SAD studies finding improvements in functioning, quality of life and negative self-view. It does not establish increased mindfulness skills, and its measured reduction was in state anxiety, not trait anxiety. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTwo prior studies found increases in the ability to implement attention deployment emotion regulation strategies after MBSR for SAD.
“Two studies have found increases in the ability to implement attention deployment emotion regulation strategies following MBSR for SAD, specifically, for participant-generated negative self-beliefs embedded in autobiographical social anxiety related situations (Goldin & Gross, 2010; Goldin, Ziv, Jazaieri, Hahn, & Gross, 2013a).”
From Trajectories of social anxiety, cognitive reappraisal, and mindfulness during an RCT of CBGT versus MBSR for social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Goldin & Gross, 2010
The Abstract and Discussion (Behavioral Measures) report improved breath-focused attention regulation after MBSR in patients with SAD, but no improvement with distraction-focused attention. The Method (Regulation of Negative Self-Beliefs Task) says the beliefs were experimenter-selected, not participant-generated; the study therefore does not support that specific description of the stimuli. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSeveral studies have previously reported meditation-induced long-term changes in emotional processing.
“Besides observing unique changes, which existed during meditation, several studies have previously reported meditation induced long-term changes in brain structure (Lazar et al. 2005), attentional processing (Carter et al. 2005), and emotional processing (Goldin and Gross 2010).”
From Brain–Heart Interactions Underlying Traditional Tibetan Buddhist Meditation (2019) · cites this paper as Goldin and Gross 2010
The Results (Behavioral Results; page unavailable) report reduced negative emotion during breath-focused attention after MBSR in patients with social anxiety disorder, supporting a change in emotional processing beyond a single meditation session. The study measured participants before and immediately after MBSR; it did not establish that the change persisted long term. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPrior studies using the autobiographical social situation emotion regulation fMRI task have found similar reductions in negative emotion when reacting and reappraising negative self-beliefs following CBT for SAD and when implementing breath-focused and meta-cognitive attention regulation following MBSR for SAD.
“Prior studies using the autobiographical social situation emotion regulation fMRI task have found similar reductions in negative emotion when reacting and reappraising negative self-beliefs following CBT for SAD 17 and when implementing breath-focused and meta-cognitive attention regulation following MBSR for SAD.19,22”
From Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Mindfulness Meditation in Brain Changes During Reappraisal and Acceptance Among Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
The Results > Behavioral Results report reduced negative emotion during breath-focused attention after MBSR in patients with SAD. The Method > Regulation of Negative Self-Beliefs Task describes breath-focused attention and distraction, not meta-cognitive attention regulation; the results also report no reduction when participants simply reacted to negative self-beliefs. The CBT clause is attached to a different citation and is not judged here. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMindfulness and meditation practices have been shown to improve the prefrontal cortex's ability to enhance its inhibitory functions, specifically on the amygdala, which may lead to an increased ability to recall positive events.
“In fact, mindfulness and meditation practices have been shown to improve the prefrontal cortex’s ability to enhance its inhibitory functions, specifically on the amygdala [61–66], which may lead to an increased ability to recall positive events.”
From Association between time perspective and metacognition among Lebanese adults: the mediating role of mindfulness (2023) · cites this paper as [65]
The Neural Results report decreased right-amygdala activity after MBSR in patients with social anxiety disorder. They do not establish that mindfulness improved prefrontal-cortex inhibition of the amygdala: prefrontal activity is reported at baseline, while the reported MBSR-related increases were chiefly in visual-attention regions. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Individuals suffering from anxiety disorders typically lack or have lower levels of mindfulness capacities.
“individuals suffering from anxiety disorders typically lack or have lower levels of mindfulness capacities (49).”
From Decreases in State and Trait Anxiety Post-psilocybin: A Naturalistic, Observational Study Among Retreat Attendees (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
The paper’s “MBSR, Emotion Regulation, and Social Anxiety Disorder” section describes abnormal attention in adults with social anxiety disorder and diminished recruitment of attention-regulation networks. That supports a narrower point about attention regulation, but the paper does not establish that people with anxiety disorders generally have lower mindfulness capacities. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPrevious research has generally found a moderate to strong correlation between mindfulness training and emotional resilience and satisfaction.
“Previous research has generally found a moderate to strong correlation between mindfulness training and emotional resilience and satisfaction [18,22,38,55,56].”
From The Effectiveness of a Four-Week Online Mindfulness Training Course on Individual Mindfulness Skills and Personal Perception of Stress in Company Employees Working from Home (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
The Results (Clinical Results; page unavailable) report improved self-esteem and reduced anxiety and depression after MBSR, while the Abstract reports improved emotion regulation in patients with social anxiety disorder. These findings relate to emotional well-being, but the paper does not report a moderate-to-strong correlation between mindfulness training and emotional resilience or satisfaction, nor establish that such a correlation has generally been found. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMindfulness meditation practices alleviate stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms and induce subjective changes in meditators that result in improved cognitive functioning and general well-being.
“Several studies showed that these practices alleviate the stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms, inducing subjective changes in meditators that result in improved cognitive functioning and general well-being [34,35,36,37].”
From Beneficial effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on the well-being of a female sample during the first total lockdown due to covid-19 pandemic in italy (2021) · cites this paper as [36]
The Abstract and Results > Clinical Results (pages not provided) report reduced anxiety and depression symptoms and increased self-esteem after MBSR in adults with social anxiety disorder; the paper also describes MBSR as reducing stress symptoms. It reports changes in attention-related measures, but does not establish that subjective changes caused improved cognitive functioning or general well-being in meditators more broadly. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMBSR techniques are more effective in changing emotions.
“MBSR techniques are more effective in changing emotions [20].”
From The Effects of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Group Therapy on Anxiety, Depression, Stress, and the Intolerance of Uncertainty in Infertile Women (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
The Behavioral Results report reduced negative emotion after MBSR when patients with social anxiety disorder used breath-focused attention, but not distraction-focused attention. The claim generalizes this task-specific finding to MBSR techniques overall and does not specify what they are more effective than. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMindfulness-based clinical interventions have beneficial outcomes on the treatment of affect-related psychopathology, including major depression and anxiety disorders.
“it has been demonstrated that mindfulness-based clinical interventions have beneficial outcomes on the treatment of affect-related psychopathology, including major depression (Bondolfi et al., 2010;Teasdale et al., 2000) and anxiety disorders (Goldin and Gross, 2010;Kabat-Zinn et al., 1992;Kim et al., 2009).”
From Impact of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotional pictures in experienced and beginner meditators (2011) · cites this paper as Goldin and Gross, 2010
Mindfulness-based interventions can effectively alleviate anxiety.
“Increasing research has shown that mindfulness-based interventions can effectively alleviate anxiety”
From Anticipatory threat responses mediate the relationship between mindfulness and anxiety: A cross-sectional study (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Patients with SAD, after completing MBSR, demonstrated a reduction in neural activity in the amygdala and an increase in neural activity in attention-related regions when performing a breath-focused attention task.
“Patients with SAD, after completing MBSR, demonstrated a reduction in neural activity in the amygdala and an increase in neural activity in attention-related regions when performing a breath-focused attention task [43].”
From Potential therapeutic effects of meditation for treating affective dysregulation (2014) · cites this paper as [43]
Mindfulness-based approaches have shown clinical effectiveness for chronic pain, stress, depression, and anxiety.
“Mindfulness-based approaches have been shown clinically to be effective for chronic pain,8 stress,9 depression,10 and anxiety.10”
From A Mindfulness-Based Intervention to Control Weight After Bariatric Surgery: Preliminary Results From a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial (2016) · cites this paper as [10]
On every outcome, the low mindfulness class did significantly better than the judgmentally observing class but significantly worse than both the non-judgmentally aware and high mindfulness classes.
“Finally, the “low mindfulness group” was always significantly better than the “judgmentally observing” group (Class 4) on these outcomes, but significantly worse than the “non-judgmentally aware” and “high mindfulness groups.””
From Mindfulness and emotional outcomes: Identifying subgroups of college students using latent profile analysis (2015) · cites this paper as Goldin & Gross, 2010
Only two studies found improved emotional reactivity after a standard 8-week mindfulness intervention in clinical samples, social anxiety and substance abuse, and neither used depressed patients receiving MBCT.
“Only two studies have demonstrated improved emotional reactivity (using personalized scripts) following a standard (8 week) mindfulness interventions in clinical samples (social anxiety and substance abuse) (Brewer et al., 2009; Goldin & Gross, 2010), but neither used a depressed sample undergoing MBCT.”
From Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Improves Emotional Reactivity to Social Stress: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial (2012) · cites this paper as Goldin & Gross, 2010
Mindfulness practice is associated with diminished amygdala activation in response to emotional stimuli during mindful states.
“A frequently reported finding is that mindfulness practice is associated with a diminished activation of the amygdala in response to emotional stimuli during mindful states [24,25].”
From A translational neuroscience perspective on mindfulness meditation as a prevention strategy (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
In a longitudinal uncontrolled study, patients with social anxiety disorder before and after MBSR showed diminished right dorsal amygdala activity during reacting to negative self-belief statements.
“For instance, in a longitudinal and uncontrolled study, patients with social anxiety disorder before and after MBSR showed diminished right dorsal amygdala activity during reacting to negative self-belief statements [24].”
From A translational neuroscience perspective on mindfulness meditation as a prevention strategy (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
MBSR has been shown to reduce negative experience and speed recovery from negative challenges.
“MBSR has been shown to lead to reduced negative experience (Goldin and Gross, 2010; Kaviani et al., 2011) and quicker recovery from a negative challenge (Britton et al., 2012; Raes et al., 2009).”
From Impact of short- and long-term mindfulness meditation training on amygdala reactivity to emotional stimuli (2018) · cites this paper as Goldin and Gross, 2010
In an MBSR longitudinal study with social anxiety disorder patients, being breathing-focused (vs distraction-focused) produced minor negative emotional experiences, decreases in amygdala activation, and increased activation of the PCC, SPL, and IPL.
“Comparing two emotion regulation strategies using an anxiogenic task with negative self-beliefs, the authors found that being breathing-focused (vs. distraction-focused) produced minor negative emotional experiences, decreases in amygdala activation, and increased activation of the PCC, SPL, and IPL (areas involved in top-down emotion regulation, but also in self-awareness and attention processing”
From Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation: Insights from Neurobiological, Psychological, and Clinical Studies (2017) · cites this paper as Goldin and Gross, 2010
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What are the benefits of mindfulness? A practice review of psychotherapy-related research.
Davis, D. M., & Hayes, J. A. (2011) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/a0022062 · Cited by 831 · see citing works
“Research has demonstrated that mindfulness meditation enables people to become less reactive (Cahn & Polich, 2009; Goldin & Gross, 2010; Ortner, Kiner, & Zelazo, 2007; Siegel, 2007a, 2007b) and have greater cognitive flexibility (Moore & Malinowski, 2009; Siegel, 2007a, 2007b).”
BackgroundFox, K. C. R., Dixon, M. L., Nijeboer, S., Girn, M., Floman, J. L., Lifshitz, M., Ellamil, M., Sedlmeier, P., & Christoff, K. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.021 · Cited by 656 · see citing works
Glomb, T. M., Duffy, M. K., Bono, J. E., & Yang, T. (2011) · Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management · doi:10.1108/s0742-7301(2011)0000030005 · Cited by 809 · see citing works
“…has suggested that individuals who participated in mindfulness programs reported less ruminative thinking in response to life events (Ramel, Goldin, Carmona, & McQuaid, 2004), even when the events were similar to those experienced by others who had no mindfulness training (Goldin & Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundGuendelman, S., Medeiros, S., & Rampes, H. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00220 · Cited by 577 · see citing works
“…breathingfocused (vs. distraction-focused) produced minor negative emotional experiences, decreases in amygdala activation, and increased activation of the PCC, SPL, and IPL (areas involved in top-down emotion regulation, but also in self-awareness and attention processing; Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundTeper, R., Segal, Z. V., & Inzlicht, M. (2013) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721413495869 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Desbordes, G., Gard, T., Hoge, E. A., Hölzel, B. K., Kerr, C., Lazar, S. W., Olendzki, A., & Vago, D. R. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0269-8 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
“Reproduced from (Goldin & Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundMindfulness: Top–down or bottom–up emotion regulation strategy?
Chiesa, A., Serretti, A., & Jakobsen, J. C. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.10.006 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Social Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorder
Morrison, A. S., & Heimberg, R. G. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185631 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Vøllestad, J., Nielsen, M. B., & Nielsen, G. H. (2012) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.2011.02024.x · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Desbordes, G., Negi, L. T., Pace, T. W. W., Wallace, B. A., Raison, C. L., & Schwartz, E. L. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00292 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
“These subjects also showed decreased negative emotion ratings and increased activity in brain regions implicated in attentional deployment (Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialBrühl, A. B., Delsignore, A., Komossa, K., & Weidt, S. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.003 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
“Therapeutic effects of mindfulnessbased treatments have been shown to reduce (‘normalize’) parietal cortical activity (Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
InfluentialCoffey, K. A., Hartman, M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2010) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-010-0033-2 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based interventions have been found to reduce many forms of psychological distress, including generalized anxiety disorder (Kabat-Zinn et al. 1992), social anxiety disorder ( Goldin and Gross 2010 ), depression (Kumar et al. 2008; Shapiro et al. 1998; Speca et al. 2000), depressive relapse (Ma and Teasdale…”
BackgroundMindfulness and emotion regulation
Roemer, L., Williston, S. K., & Rollins, L. G. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.02.006 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
The Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing on Attention, Negative Affect and Stress in Healthy Adults
Ma, X., Yue, Z.-Q., Gong, Z.-Q., Zhang, H., Duan, N.-Y., Shi, Y.-T., Wei, G.-X., & Li, Y.-F. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00874 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
“Currently, breathing practice is widely applied in clinical treatments for mental conditions, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Sahar et al., 2001; Descilo et al., 2010; Goldin and Gross, 2010), motion disorders (Russell et al., 2014), phobias (Friedman and Thayer, 1998), and other stress-related emotiona…”
BackgroundInfluentialFear of missing out: relationships with depression, mindfulness, and physical symptoms
Baker, Z. G., Krieger, H., & LeRoy, A. S. (2016) · Translational Issues in Psychological Science · doi:10.1037/tps0000075 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
“Teaching individuals mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques can also lower anxiety (e.g., Goldin & Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundMind–body therapies and control of inflammatory biology: A descriptive review
Bower, J. E., & Irwin, M. R. (2016) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2015.06.012 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
“Most of the research on neural correlates of MBTs has focused on meditative practices, and there is preliminary evidence that mindfulness is associated with alterations in threat-related brain regions, including decreased amygdala reactivity (Goldin and Gross, 2010) and reduced functional connectivity of the amygdala…”
BackgroundImpact of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on intrinsic brain connectivity
Kilpatrick, L. A., Suyenobu, B. Y., Smith, S. R., Bueller, J. A., Goodman, T., Creswell, J. D., Tillisch, K., Mayer, E. A., & Naliboff, B. D. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.02.034 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
“Although the results across these small studies are not completely consistent they do suggest mindfulness meditation leads to increased activations in frontal brain regions involved in attention (Farb et al., 2007; Goldin and Gross, 2010; Holzel et al., 2007) and increased activations in temporal regions during proces…”
BackgroundResultPark, T., Reilly-Spong, M., & Gross, C. R. (2013) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-013-0395-8 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Empirical explorations of mindfulness: Conceptual and methodological conundrums.
Davidson, R. J. (2010) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0018480 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Taylor, V. A., Grant, J., Daneault, V., Scavone, G., Breton, E., Roffe-Vidal, S., Courtemanche, J., Lavarenne, A. S., & Beauregard, M. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.001 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
“Goldin and Gross (2010) interpreted these results as indicating that mindfulness meditation helps to reduce avoidance-related behavior to threatening stimuli in SAD patients by enhancing the recruitment of brain regions involved in attentional control.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Mindful Brain and Emotion Regulation in Mood Disorders
Farb, N. A. S., Anderson, A. K., & Segal, Z. V. (2012) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371205700203 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Multivariate classification of social anxiety disorder using whole brain functional connectivity
Liu, F., Guo, W., Fouché, J., Wang, Y., Wang, W., Ding, J., Zeng, L., Qiu, C., Gong, Q., Zhang, W., et al. (2013) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0641-4 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
“belief (Goldin and Gross 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialGotink, R. A., Meijboom, R., Vernooij, M. W., Smits, M., & Hunink, M. G. M. (2016) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2016.07.001 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
“Only three non-RCTs had a control group (Friedel et al., 2015; Goldin & Gross, 2010; Smoski et al., 2015).”
BackgroundJazaieri, H., McGonigal, K. M., Jinpa, T., Doty, J. R., Gross, J. J., & Goldin, P. R. (2013) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-013-9368-z · Cited by 343 · see citing works
“This study found an increase in mindfulness; other studies have found that mindfulness meditation training may enhance higher order cognitive capacities such as emotion regulation (e.g., Garland et al. 2009; Goldin and Gross 2010).”
Self-citationKrygier, J. R., Heathers, J. A. J., Shahrestani, S., Abbott, M., Gross, J. J., & Kemp, A. H. (2013) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.06.017 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
“Important behavioural examples include reduction in distractive and ruminative thinking (Jain et al., 2007) and symptoms of anxiety and mood disorders (Goldin and Gross, 2010; Hofmann et al., 2010), and improved emotion regulation (Arch and Craske, 2006).”
BackgroundSelf-citationKral, T. R. A., Schuyler, B. S., Mumford, J. A., Rosenkranz, M. A., Lutz, A., & Davidson, R. J. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.013 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
“MBSR has been shown to lead to reduced negative experience (Goldin and Gross, 2010; Kaviani et al., 2011) and quicker recovery from a negative challenge (Britton et al., 2012; Raes et al., 2009).”
Teper, R., & Inzlicht, M. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss045 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
“These results seem compatible with mindfulness theory (Williams, 2010), as well as past research on meditators' emotional reactivity (Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
ResultKerr, C. E., Sacchet, M. D., Lazar, S. W., Moore, C. I., & Jones, S. R. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00012 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
“Proposed mechanisms include changes in neural networks underlying emotion regulation (Holzel et al., 2008), illustrated by findings showing decreased amygdala response after ST-Mindfulness in social anxiety patients exposed to socially threatening stimuli (Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundCreswell, J. D., Taren, A. A., Lindsay, E. K., Greco, C. M., Gianaros, P. J., Fairgrieve, A., Marsland, A. L., Brown, K. W., Way, B. M., Rosen, R. K., et al. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.01.008 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
MARCHAND, W. R. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice® · doi:10.1097/01.pra.0000416014.53215.86 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account
Zeidan, F., & Vago, D. R. (2016) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13153 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Prospects for a clinical science of mindfulness-based intervention
Dimidjian, S., & Segal, Z. V. (2015) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0039589 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Mindfulness, Work Climate, and Psychological Need Satisfaction in Employee Well-being
Schultz, P. P., Ryan, R. M., Niemiec, C. P., Legate, N., & Williams, G. C. (2014) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-014-0338-7 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
“A nonevaluative open attention to the moment allows one to recognize events and thoughts for what they are, refraining from critical judgments or getting caught in rumination spirals (Bishop et al. 2004; Brown et al. 2007; Goldin and Gross 2010; Jain et al. 2007; Ramel et al. 2004).”
BackgroundSelf-Regulation of Breathing as a Primary Treatment for Anxiety
Jerath, R., Crawford, M. W., Barnes, V. A., & Harden, K. (2015) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-015-9279-8 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
“This decrease in amygdala response, after meditation training, has been found in patients with social anxiety disorder (Goldin and Gross 2010) as well as healthy patients (Desbordes et al.”
BackgroundSocial anxiety : clinical, developmental, and social perspectives
Hofmann, S. G., & DiBartolo, P. M. (2014) · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Kearney, D. J., McDermott, K., Malte, C., Martinez, M., & Simpson, T. L. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20853 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Zeidan, F., Grant, J. A., Brown, C. A., McHaffie, J. G., & Coghill, R. C. (2012) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.03.082 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Hölzel, B. K., Hoge, E. A., Greve, D. N., Gard, T., Creswell, J. D., Brown, K. W., Barrett, L. F., Schwartz, C., Vaitl, D., & Lazar, S. W. (2013) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.03.011 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
“, 2004), the investigation of theneurobiologyunderlying the beneficial effects is still in its infancy (Davidson et al., 2003; Farb et al., 2010; Gard et al., 2012; Goldin and Gross, 2010; Goldin et al., 2012; Hölzel et al., 2010).”
BackgroundChen, K. W., Berger, C. C., Manheimer, E., Forde, D., Magidson, J., Dachman, L., & Lejuez, C. W. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.21964 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: Theory and Practice
Sipe, W. E. B., & Eisendrath, S. J. (2012) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371205700202 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Zainal, N. Z., Booth, S., & Huppert, F. A. (2013) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.3171 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Metacognitive model of mindfulness
Jankowski, T., & Holas, P. (2014) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2014.06.005 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
“In line with these studies, Goldin and Gross (2010) documented a quicker decrease of activation in the amygdala in social anxiety patients presented with negative self-beliefs after completing 8 weeks of MBSR. Neuroimaging studies also showed the effects of meditation practice on ACC activity…”
ResultBritton, W. B., Shahar, B., Szepsenwol, O., & Jacobs, W. J. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.08.006 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
“…al., 2009; Broderick, 2005; Campbell-Sills, Barlow, Brown, & Hofmann, 2006; Creswell, Way, Eisenberger, & Lieberman, 2007; Erisman & Roemer, 2010; Goldin & Gross, 2010; Kaviani, Javaheri, & Hatami, 2011; Kuehner, Huffziger, & Liebsch, 2009; McKee, Zvolensky, Solomon, Bernstein, &…”
Dispositional mindfulness and the attenuation of neural responses to emotional stimuli
Brown, K. W., Goodman, R. J., & Inzlicht, M. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss004 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Froeliger, B., & Howard, M. O. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00173 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Hoppes (2012) · doi:10.1037/a0018360 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
“Goldin and Gross (2010) found that MBSR (which they found to produce positive clinical benefits in social anxiety) was associated with important changes in functional (f)MRI, including a reduction in the pretreatment tendency for anxious sentences to produce activation in areas associated with…”
BackgroundInfluentialPredicting treatment response in social anxiety disorder from functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Doehrmann, O., Ghosh, S. S., Polli, F. E., Reynolds, G. O., Horn, F., Keshavan, A., Triantafyllou, C., Saygin, Z. M., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Hofmann, S. G., et al. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/2013.jamapsychiatry.5 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Self-care practices and perceived stress levels among psychology graduate students.
Virtue, S. M., Sweeney, A. C., Brady, V., Wesley, K. M., Bordfeld, A., & Fingerhut, R. (2012) · Training and Education in Professional Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026534 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
“Mindfulness practice, defined as engagement in behaviors aimed at increasing present-moment awareness, acceptance, and engagement, is a self-care practice that has been shown to reduce emotional distress and to increase positive well-being (Greeson, 2009). Carmody and Baer (2008) noted a relationship between mindfulne…”
BackgroundKashdan, T. B., Weeks, J. W., & Savostyanova, A. A. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.03.012 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Waters, L. E., Barsky, A. P., Ridd, A., & Allen, K. (2014) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-014-9258-2 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
“Increased activity in this region may account for the emotional regulation commonly reported as a product of meditation (Fredrickson et al. 2008; Goldin and Gross 2010).”
BackgroundKarremans, J. C., Schellekens, M. P. J., & Kappen, G. (2017) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868315615450 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
“As discussed above, a large number of studies have shown that mindfulness is associated with enhanced emotion regulation and stress reduction in both clinical and non-clinical populations (Goldin & Gross, 2010; for overviews, see Chiesa & Serretti, 2009; Goyal et al., 2014; Grossman et al., 2004).”
BackgroundMarwood, L., Wise, T., Perkins, A. M., & Cleare, A. J. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.022 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Self-compassion and social anxiety disorder
Werner, K. H., Jazaieri, H., Goldin, P. R., Ziv, M., Heimberg, R. G., & Gross, J. J. (2012) · Anxiety, Stress, & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2011.608842 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
“…shown to reduce anxiety and depression symptoms and increase self-esteem in persons with SAD (Goldin & Gross, 2010), although in the only direct comparison to date, it was somewhat less efficacious than cognitive behavior therapy (Goldin & Gross, 2010; Koszycki, Benger, Shlik, & Bradwejn, 2007).”
BackgroundTaren, A. A., Gianaros, P. J., Greco, C. M., Lindsay, E. K., Fairgrieve, A., Brown, K. W., Rosen, R. K., Ferris, J. L., Julson, E., Marsland, A. L., et al. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv066 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
“Key words: amygdala; cingulate; health; mindfulness; stress”
BackgroundA lifespan view of anxiety disorders
Lenze, E. J., & Wetherell, J. L. (2011) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2011.13.4/elenze · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Mindful attention to breath regulates emotions via increased amygdala–prefrontal cortex connectivity
Doll, A., Hölzel, B. K., Bratec, S. M., Boucard, C. C., Xie, X., Wohlschläger, A. M., & Sorg, C. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.03.041 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
“The observed down-regulation of the amygdala is a consistent finding in mindfulness studies that involve aversive stimuli (Creswell et al., 2007; Farb et al., 2007; Goldin and Gross, 2010; Hölzel et al., 2013; Lutz et al., 2013; Modinos et al., 2010; Taylor et al., 2011).”
BackgroundNeural correlates of focused attention during a brief mindfulness induction
Dickenson, J., Berkman, E. T., Arch, J., & Lieberman, M. D. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss030 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
“…1985; McCracken et al., 2007; Zeidan et al., 2010), enhancing immune function (Davidson et al., 2003; Witek-Janusek et al., 2008), promoting adaptive emotion regulation (Gifford et al., 2004; Goldin and Gross, 2010) and improving attentional control (e.g. Jha et al., 2007; Zylowska et al., 2007).”
BackgroundResultTranscranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Cognitive Control During Emotion Regulation
Feeser, M., Prehn, K., Kazzer, P., Mungee, A., & Bajbouj, M. (2014) · Brain Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2013.08.006 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Weidman, A. C., Steckler, C. M., & Tracy, J. L. (2016) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000226 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
“Specifically, for studies with hypotheses that solely involved affect dimensions (e.g., Goldin & Gross, 2010; Storbeck & Clore, 2008), we coded the authors as taking a dimensionalist theoretical approach.”
BackgroundLenze, E. J., Hickman, S., Hershey, T., Wendleton, L., Ly, K., Dixon, D., Doré, P., & Wetherell, J. L. (2014) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4086 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Neural mechanisms of mindfulness and meditation: Evidence from neuroimaging studies
Marchand, W. R. (2014) · World Journal of Radiology · doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i7.471 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Group CBT versus MBSR for social anxiety disorder: A randomized controlled trial.
Goldin, P. R., Morrison, A., Jazaieri, H., Brozovich, F., Heimberg, R., & Gross, J. J. (2016) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000092 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
“…social anxiety, and quality of life (Koszycki, Benger, Shlik, & Bradwejn, 2007), as well as self-esteem, negative self-views, trait anxiety, negative emotional reactivity, and depression (Goldin & Gross, 2010; Goldin, Ziv, Jazaieri, & Gross, 2012; Goldin, Ziv, Jazaieri, Hahn, & Gross, 2013).”
Self-citationA Randomized Trial of MBSR Versus Aerobic Exercise for Social Anxiety Disorder
Jazaieri, H., Goldin, P. R., Werner, K., Ziv, M., & Gross, J. J. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.21863 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Self-citationDoes Language Do More Than Communicate Emotion?
Lindquist, K. A., Satpute, A. B., & Gendron, M. (2015) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721414553440 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
“…the fact helps diminish them (Pennebaker & Beall, 1986), recent research on affect labeling (Kircanski et al., 2012), conceptual reappraisal (Jamieson et al., 2012), and mindfulness-based therapies (Goldin & Gross, 2010), Curr Dir Psychol Sci. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 April 01.”
The effects of psychotherapy on brain function: A systematic and critical review
Barsaglini, A., Sartori, G., Benetti, S., Pettersson‐Yeo, W., & Mechelli, A. (2013) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.10.006 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based stress reduction effects on moral reasoning and decision making
Shapiro, S. L., Jazaieri, H., & Goldin, P. R. (2012) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.723732 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
“…(2010)’s fMRI study found MBSR training to be associated with a reduction in brain responses to anxiety inducing stimuli in brain regions implicated in self-reflection and increased responses in parietal and occipital brain regions associated with attentional engagement (Goldin & Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe relationship between dispositional mindfulness, attachment security and emotion regulation
Goodall, K., Trejnowska, A., & Darling, S. (2012) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.008 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Taren, A. A., Gianaros, P. J., Greco, C. M., Lindsay, E. K., Fairgrieve, A., Brown, K. W., Rosen, R. K., Ferris, J. L., Julson, E., Marsland, A. L., et al. (2017) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000466 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Neural correlates of mindfulness meditation-related anxiety relief
Zeidan, F., Martucci, K. T., Kraft, R. A., McHaffie, J. G., & Coghill, R. C. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst041 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
“Mindfulness meditation is hypothesized to regulate emotions by modifying cognitive and affective evaluations to sensory events by cognitive reappraisal processes (Shapiro et al., 2006; Garland et al., 2009; Garland et al., 2010a; Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundFernández-Aranda, F., Jiménez-Murcia, S., Santamaría, J. J., Gunnard, K., Soto, A., Kalapanidas, E., Bults, R. G. A., Davarakis, C., Ganchev, T., Granero, R., et al. (2012) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2012.664302 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
“…(Freidenberg et al., 2002; Goldin & Gross, 2010; Kozasa et al., 2012), working with underlying attitudinal and emotional factors, in EDs and impulse control disorders, we may reduce their potential maintaining capacity and therefore enhance the long-term effectiveness of traditional therapies.”
BackgroundResultPsychological and neural mechanisms of trait mindfulness in reducing depression vulnerability
Paul, N. A., Stanton, S. J., Greeson, J. M., Smoski, M. J., & Wang, L. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss070 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
“Non-reactivity scores on the FFMQ correlated negatively with rumination and negative bias following the stress induction.”
BackgroundCrocker, L. D., Heller, W., Warren, S. L., O'Hare, A. J., Infantolino, Z. P., & Miller, G. A. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00261 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
“…clinical populations, one study found that individuals diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (SAD) who underwent MBSR training exhibited reduced amygdala activation and increased dorsomedial PFC, ventromedial PFC, mPFC, and PCC activation in response to negative stimuli (Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundPerlman, G., Simmons, A. N., Wu, J., Hahn, K. S., Tapert, S. F., Max, J. E., Paulus, M. P., Brown, G. G., Frank, G. K., Campbell-Sills, L., et al. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.044 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based treatments have been shown to be effective in reducing mood symptoms among adolescents in outpatient therapy settings (Biegel et al., 2009; Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
Chen, Y., Yang, X., Wang, L., & Zhang, X. (2013) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2012.11.014 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
“, 2010), and social anxiety disorder (Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundNeuroimaging the consciousness of self: Review, and conceptual-methodological framework
Frewen, P., Schroeter, M. L., Riva, G., Cipresso, P., Fairfield, B., Padulo, C., Kemp, A. H., Palaniyappan, L. K., Owolabi, M. O., Kusi‐Mensah, K., et al. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.023 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
“negative self-referential stimuli in patients with SAD, suggesting the whole of the M-MPFC may be involved (Blair et al., 2008, 2011; Boehme et al., 2014; Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
Mapping Mindfulness Facets Onto Dimensions of Anxiety and Depression
Desrosiers, A., Klemanski, D. H., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2013) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2013.02.001 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
“Similarly, decreases in emotional reactivity to negative self-beliefs have been demonstrated in a sample of clinically anxious adults undergoing mindfulness based stress reduction (e.g., Goldin & Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundMind the Gap in Mindfulness Research: A Comparative Account of the Leading Schools of Thought
Hart, R., Ivtzan, I., & Hart, D. (2013) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0035212 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
“Some of the study samples were small (Davis, Fleming, Bonus, & Baker, 2007; Astin, 1997; Cohen-Katz et al., 2005; Goldin & Gross, 2010; Rosenzweig et al., 2007), some did not have an appropriately matched control group or no-treatment group (Tacón et al., 2003; Carlson & Garland, 2005; Beddoe &…”
Klainin-Yobas, P., Cho, M. A. A., & Creedy, D. (2012) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.08.014 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
“In Belgium, Godfrin and Heeringen (2010) reported that significantly fewer patients in the MBCT plus TAU group (30.”
BackgroundThe Role of Emotion and Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder
Jazaieri, H., Morrison, A. S., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0531-3 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness and Self-esteem: A Systematic Review
Randal, C., Pratt, D., & Bucci, S. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0407-6 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“Closer inspection revealed that Goldin et al. (2009) and Goldin and Gross (2010) reported the same data in relation to mindfulness and self-esteem.”
Ma, J., Zhao, D., Xu, N., & Yang, J. (2023) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2022.08.001 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Blair, K. S., Geraci, M. F., Smith, B. W., Hollon, N. G., DeVido, J. J., Otero, M. C., Blair, J., & Pine, D. S. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.04.013 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Young, K. S., van der Velden, A. M., Craske, M. G., Pallesen, K. J., Fjorback, L., Roepstorff, A., & Parsons, C. E. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.003 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
“…with SAD, symptom reduction was associated with increased activity across visual attention regions (cuneus and middle occipital gyrus) in one study (Goldin and Gross, 2010) and decreased social anxiety related disability was associated with increased dmPFC activity in another (Goldin et al., 2012).”
InfluentialThe positive effects of mindfulness on self-esteem
Pepping, C. A., O’Donovan, A., & Davis, P. J. (2013) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2013.807353 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“Goldin and Gross (2010) and Goldin, Ramel, and Gross (2009) reported on the effects of a MBSR program for social anxiety disorder.”
BackgroundMindfulness Skills and Emotion Regulation: the Mediating Role of Coping Self-Efficacy
Luberto, C. M., Cotton, S., McLeish, A. C., Mingione, C. J., & O’Bryan, E. M. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-012-0190-6 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Burke, A., Lam, C. N., Stussman, B. J., & Yang, H. (2017) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1827-8 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Improving creativity performance by short-term meditation
Ding, X., Tang, Y.-Y., Tang, R., & Posner, M. I. (2014) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/1744-9081-10-9 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
“Meditation is associated with greater emotion regulation [31-33].”
BackgroundDysregulation of Inflammation, Neurobiology, and Cognitive Function in PTSD: An Integrative Review
Quinones, M., Gallegos, A. M., Lin, F., & Heffner, K. (2020) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-020-00782-9 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“Indeed, MBIs can modulate PFCamygdala connectivity (Holzel et al., 2011) and further improve attention and executive control in populations without PTSD (Desrosiers, Vine, Klemanski, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2013; Goldin & Gross, 2010; Tang, Tang, Tang, & Lewis-Peacock, 2017).”
BackgroundNorris, C. J., Creem, D., Hendler, R. A., & Hedy Kober, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00315 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Wang, K., Goldenberg, A., Dorison, C. A., Miller, J. K., Uusberg, A., Lerner, J. S., Gross, J. J., Agesin, B. E., Bernardo, M., Campos, O., et al. (2021) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01173-x · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Self-citationMBSR<i>vs</i>aerobic exercise in social anxiety: fMRI of emotion regulation of negative self-beliefs
Goldin, P., Ziv, M., Jazaieri, H., Hahn, K., & Gross, J. J. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss054 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“MBSR is also associated with increases in behavioral self-regulation (Lykins and Baer, 2009), volitional orienting of attention (Jha et al., 2007) and emotion regulation (Goldin and Gross, 2010; Modinos et al., 2010).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citation
- Authors
- Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goldin, Philippe R.
- Venue
- Emotion
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 83-91
- ISSN
- 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1516
- PMC
- PMC4203918
- OpenAlex
- W2164348509
- Semantic Scholar
- a00e2f31b476bbfff0dddabcb1850d21b549115a
- Cited by
- 1,242
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 74 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 116 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 90 · 2017: 76 · 2016: 76 · 2015: 95 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 62 · 2012: 63
- FWCI
- 66.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Emotion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (R21 AT003644-01)
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Mind and Life Summer Research Institute
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based stress reduction, social anxiety disorder, emotion regulation, negative self-beliefs, emotional reactivity, amygdala activity, attentional deployment, self-esteem, avoidance behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Brain, Emotions, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Phobic Disorders, Stress, Psychological, Meditation
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