The emotional attentional blink: what we know so far
Open accessAbstract
The emotional attentional blink (EAB), also known as emotion-induced blindness, refers to a phenomenon in which the brief appearance of a task-irrelevant, emotionally arousing image captures attention to such an extent that individuals cannot detect target stimuli for several hundred ms after the emotional stimulus. The EAB allows for mental chronometry of stimulus-driven attention and the time needed to disengage and refocus goal-directed attention. In this review, we discuss current evidence for the mechanisms through which the EAB occurs. Although the EAB shares some similarities to both surprise-induced blindness (SiB) and other paradigms for assessing emotion-attention interactions, it possesses features that are distinct from these paradigms, and thus appears to provide a unique measure of the influence of emotion on stimulus-driven attention. The neural substrates of the EAB are not completely understood, but neuroimaging and neuropsychological data suggest some possible neural mechanisms underlying the phenomenon. The importance of understanding the EAB is highlighted by recent evidence indicating that EAB tasks can detect altered sensitivity to disorder relevant stimuli in psychiatric conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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Combat-exposed veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder showed a strong attentional blink for combat images relative to healthy controls.
“One of the most powerful examples of these lingering biases of attention is seen in AB tasks in which combat-exposed veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder showed a strong AB for combat images relative to healthy controls (Olatunji, Armstrong, McHugo, & Zald, 2013; cf. Smith, Most, Newsome, & Zald, 2006; for a review, see McHugo, Olatunji, & Zald, 2013).”
From Selection history: How reward modulates selectivity of visual attention. (2018) · cites this paper as McHugo, Olatunji, & Zald, 2013
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- Authors
- McHugo, M., Olatunji, B. O., & Zald, D. H.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- McHugo, Maureen
- Venue
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 151-151
- ISSN
- 1662-5161 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3632779
- OpenAlex
- W2137063860
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 5.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R03MH082210, T32MH064913, R01MH074567)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- emotion-induced blindness, bottom-up attention, attentional disengagement, neural mechanisms of attention, post-traumatic stress disorder, mental illness, emotional arousal
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