An emotion-induced attentional blink elicited by aversively conditioned stimuli.
Abstract
The current study examines whether aversively conditioned stimuli can modulate attention to such a degree that they impair the perception of subsequently presented nonemotional targets. In the initial phase of this study, participants viewed 3 categories of photographs, 1 of which was paired with an aversive noise. Following conditioning, participants searched for a target embedded within a series of 17 rapidly presented images on each trial. Critically, a conditioned or unconditioned item from the initial phase appeared 200 ms or 800 ms before the target. At 200-ms lags but not 800-ms lags, the conditioned images impaired target detection relative to the other distractors. Thus, temporary visual deficits can be induced by otherwise neutral distractors whose aversive associations have only recently been learned.
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Combat-exposed veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder showed a strong attentional blink for combat images relative to healthy controls.
“One of the most powerful examples of these lingering biases of attention is seen in AB tasks in which combat-exposed veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder showed a strong AB for combat images relative to healthy controls (Olatunji, Armstrong, McHugo, & Zald, 2013; cf. Smith, Most, Newsome, & Zald, 2006; for a review, see McHugo, Olatunji, & Zald, 2013).”
From Selection history: How reward modulates selectivity of visual attention. (2018) · cites this paper as Smith, Most, Newsome, & Zald, 2006
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- Authors
- Smith, S. D., Most, S. B., Newsome, L. A., & Zald, D. H.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- Emotion
- Published
- 2006-08
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 523-527
- ISSN
- 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1516
- OpenAlex
- W2167022301
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Emotion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- attentional blink, aversive conditioning, emotional conditioning, visual attention, target detection, distractor interference, emotional memory, rapid serial visual presentation
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Arousal, Association Learning, Attention, Avoidance Learning, Conditioning, Classical, Discrimination Learning, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Proactive Inhibition, Reaction Time, Set, Psychology
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