Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in experimental Alzheimer’s disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies
Open accessAbstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, have been shown to have neuroprotective effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects and potential mechanisms of GLP-1 RAs in AD animal models. 26 studies were included by searching relevant studies from seven databases according to a predefined search strategy and inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool, and statistical analysis was performed using ReviewManger 5.3. The results showed that, in terms of behavioral tests, GLP-1 RAs could improve the learning and memory abilities of AD rodents; in terms of pathology, GLP-1 RAs could reduce Aβ deposition and phosphorylated tau levels in the brains of AD rodents. The therapeutic potential of GLP-1 RAs in AD involves a range of mechanisms that work synergistically to enhance the alleviation of various pathological manifestations associated with the condition. A total of five clinical trials were retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov . More large-scale and high-quality preclinical trials should be conducted to more accurately assess the therapeutic effects of GLP-1 RAs on AD.
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Preclinical studies have shown that GLP-1RAs exert neurocognitive protection by reducing amyloid-β deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, while also improving cognitive function in murine Alzheimer disease and human brain organoid models.
“Preclinical studies have shown that GLP-1RAs exert neurocognitive protection by reducing amyloid-β deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, while also improving cognitive function in murine Alzheimer disease 24,25 and human brain organoid models.26”
From Neurodegeneration and Stroke After Semaglutide and Tirzepatide in Patients With Diabetes and Obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [24]
Substantial preclinical evidence supports the neuroprotective effects of GLP-1R agonists on cognition in AD, attributed to reducing Aβ pathology, tau phosphorylation, glial activation, and neuroinflammation.
“Substantial preclinical evidence supports the neuroprotective effects of GLP-1R agonists on cognition in AD, which is attributed to the ability to reduce Aβ pathology, tau phosphorylation, glial activation, and neuroinflammation.”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [606]
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- Authors
- Kong, F., Wu, T., Dai, J., Zhai, Z., Cai, J., Zhu, Z., Xu, Y., & Sun, T.
- Affiliations
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Xu, Ying
- Sun, Tao
- Venue
- Frontiers in Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2023-09-13
- Volume
- 14
- Pages
- 1205207-1205207
- ISSN
- 1663-9812 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10525376
- OpenAlex
- W4386708321
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 174
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Pharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu University
- Maryland Population Research Center, University of Maryland
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, GLP-1 receptor agonists, GLP-1 receptor, neuroprotection, amyloid-beta deposition, tau phosphorylation, learning and memory, animal models of Alzheimer's disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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