Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE) and Diabetes: Cause, Effect, or Both?
Open accessAbstract
Despite new and effective drug therapies, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and its complications remain major medical challenges. It is accepted that IR, often associated with over-nutrition and obesity, results from chronically elevated oxidant stress (OS) and chronic inflammation. Less acknowledged is that a major cause for this inflammation is excessive consumption of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with the standard western diet. AGEs, which were largely thought as oxidative derivatives resulting from diabetic hyperglycemia, are increasingly seen as a potential risk for islet β-cell injury, peripheral IR and diabetes. Here we discuss the relationships between exogenous AGEs, chronic inflammation, IR, and T2D. We propose that under chronic exogenous oxidant AGE pressure the depletion of innate defense mechanisms is an important factor, which raises susceptibility to inflammation, IR, T2D and its complications. Finally we review evidence on dietary AGE restriction as a nonpharmacologic intervention, which effectively lowers AGEs, restores innate defenses and improves IR, thus, offering new perspectives on diabetes etiology and therapy.
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In both animal models and human studies, exposure to high levels of dietary AGEs during fetal development triggers metabolic reprogramming leading to T2DM independently of genetic predisposition.
“Additionally, in both animal models and human studies exposure to high levels of dietary AGEs during fetal development has been shown to trigger metabolic reprogramming which leads to the development of T2DM independently of any genetic predisposition.[125,126]”
From The Role of Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products in Metabolic Dysfunction (2021) · cites this paper as [125]
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BackgroundInfluentialAdvanced Glycation End Products and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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- Authors
- Vlassara, H., & Uribarri, J.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Uribarri, Jaime
- ORCID
- Uribarri, Jaime
- Venue
- Current Diabetes Reports
- Published
- 2013-11-29
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 453-453
- ISSN
- 1534-4827 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-0829
- PMC
- PMC3903318
- OpenAlex
- W2153249592
- Cited by
- 594
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 12
- FWCI
- 2.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Diabetes Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (AG23188, R37AG023188, AG09453, R01AG009453)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK091231)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000071, M01-RR-00071)
- NIH Clinical Center
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Potato Plant Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- advanced glycation end products, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, innate immunity, beta-cell injury, Western diet, diabetes complications
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Diabetes, Gestational, Glycation End Products, Advanced
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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