Acute bouts of exercising improved mood, rumination and social interaction in inpatients with mental disorders
Open accessAbstract
Background: Studies at the macro level (such as longer-term interventions) showed that physical activity impacts positively on cognitive-emotional processes of patients with mental disorders. However, research focusing on the immediate impact of acute bouts of exercise (micro level) are missing. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate whether and to what extent single bouts of moderately-intense exercise can influence dimensions of psychological functioning in inpatients with mental disorders. Method: 129 inpatients (mean age: 38.16 years; 50.4% females) took part and completed a questionnaire both immediately before and immediately after exercising. Thirty inpatients completed the questionnaires a second time in the same week. The questionnaire covered socio-demographic and illness-related information. Further, the questionnaire asked about current psychological states such as mood, rumination, social interactions, and attention and tiredness and physical strengths as a proxy of physiological states. Results: Psychological states improved from pre- to post-session. Improvements were observed for mood, social interactions, attention, and physical strengths. Likewise, rumination and tiredness decreased. Mood, rumination, and tiredness further improved, when patients completed the questionnaires the second time in the same week. Conclusions: At micro level, single bouts of exercise impacted positively on cognitive-emotional processes such as mood, rumination, attention and social interactions, and physiological states of tiredness and physical strengths among in-patients with mental disorders. In addition, further improvements were observed, if patients participated in physical activities a second time.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Acute bouts of physical activity positively impact mood, social interaction, and rumination among inpatients with psychiatric impairments, irrespective of diagnosis.
“Brand et al. (110) showed that acute bouts of physical activity impacted positively on mood, social interaction, and rumination among inpatients with psychiatric impairments, fully irrespective from patients’ psychiatric diagnosis.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
Dammerman, R., Kim, S., Adera, M., & Schwarz, A. (2017) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.64719/pb.4555 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
RetractedAnxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory
Eysenck, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., & Calvo, M. G. (2007) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.336 · Cited by 5,289 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Though highly speculative, we suggest the following explanations: Following others (Eysenck et al., 2007; Ahmadpanah et al., 2016), the capacity of the working memory is limited, and in patients with anxiety disorders it appears that their working memory is overloaded by cognitive-emotional…”
BackgroundExercise as medicine - evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases
Pedersen, B. K., & Saltin, B. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12581 · Cited by 3,514 · see citing works
Ekelund, U., Steene-Johannessen, J., Brown, W. J., Fagerland, M. W., Owen, N., Powell, K. E., Bauman, A., & Lee, I.-M. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30370-1 · Cited by 2,648 · see citing works
Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases
Booth, F. W., Roberts, C. K., & Laye, M. J. (2012) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c110025 · Cited by 2,575 · see citing works
The economic burden of physical inactivity: a global analysis of major non-communicable diseases
Ding, D., Lawson, K. D., Kolbe-Alexander, T. L., Finkelstein, E. A., Katzmarzyk, P. T., van Mechelen, W., & Pratt, M. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30383-x · Cited by 2,201 · see citing works
Explaining the gender difference in depressive symptoms.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Larson, J., & Grayson, C. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.1061 · Cited by 1,543 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Following Nolen-Hoeksema et al. (1999) and Shors et al. (2017), rumination is understood as the constant repetition of thoughts, often impairing more constructive and goal-oriented thoughts.”
BackgroundAnnual research review: enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect
Teicher, M. H., & Samson, J. A. (2016) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12507 · Cited by 1,473 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Mitchell, A. J., De Hert, M., Wampers, M., Ward, P. B., Rosenbaum, S., & Correll, C. U. (2015) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20252 · Cited by 1,271 · see citing works
Epidemiology of depression and diabetes: a systematic review
Roy, T., & Lloyd, C. E. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(12)70004-6 · Cited by 1,229 · see citing works
Ekkekakis, P., Parfitt, G., & Petruzzello, S. J. (2011) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11590680-000000000-00000 · Cited by 1,215 · see citing works
Mikkelsen, K., Stojanovska, L., Polenakovic, M., Bosevski, M., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2017) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.09.003 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Schuch, F. B., Rosenbaum, S., Mugisha, J., Hallgren, M., Probst, M., Ward, P. B., Gaughran, F., De Hert, M., et al. (2017) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20458 · Cited by 957 · see citing works
Physical Activity Interventions for People With Mental Illness
Rosenbaum, S., Tiedemann, A., Sherrington, C., Curtis, J., & Ward, P. B. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.13r08765 · Cited by 696 · see citing works
Stubbs, B., Vancampfort, D., Rosenbaum, S., Firth, J., Cosco, T., Veronese, N., Salum, G. A., & Schuch, F. B. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.020 · Cited by 666 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…et al., 2017a), post-traumatic stress disorders (Rosenbaum et al., 2015; Vancampfort et al., 2016), anxiety disorders (Gordon et al., 2017; Stubbs et al., 2017; Vancampfort et al., 2017b,c,d), and psychosis/schizophrenia (Pajonk et al., 2010; Keller-Varady et al., 2017; Mittal et al.,…”
BackgroundSchuch, F., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Ward, P., Reichert, T., Bagatini, N. C., Bgeginski, R., & Stubbs, B. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.050 · Cited by 663 · see citing works
Hippocampal Plasticity in Response to Exercise in Schizophrenia
Pajonk, F.-G., Wobrock, T., Gruber, O., Scherk, H., Berner, D., Kaizl, I., Kierer, A., Müller, S., Oest, M., Meyer, T., et al. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.193 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Brand, S., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., & Pühse, U. (2016) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12736 · Cited by 589 · cited 3× · see citing works
“…that at least among healthy samples and pediatric patients with ADHD a single bout of exercise improved executive function and attention [see Ludyga et al. (2016, 2017) for a broader overview], while such an intervention has not so far been trialed among adult Frontiers in Psychology |…”
BackgroundResultExercise interventions for smoking cessation
USSHER, M. H., Taylor, A. H., & Faulkner, G. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002295.pub5 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
McEvoy, P. M., Watson, H., Watkins, E. R., & Nathan, P. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.014 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Ekkekakis, P., Hall, E. E., & Petruzzello, S. J. (2008) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-008-9025-z · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Exercise therapy improves both mental and physical health in patients with major depression
Knapen, J., Vancampfort, D., Moriën, Y., & Marchal, Y. (2015) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.3109/09638288.2014.972579 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Addressing tobacco among individuals with a mental illness or an addiction
Williams, J. M., & Ziedonis, D. M. (2004) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.03.009 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Bailey, A. P., Hetrick, S. E., Rosenbaum, S., Purcell, R., & Parker, A. G. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717002653 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Rosenbaum, S., Vancampfort, D., Steel, Z., Newby, J., Ward, P. B., & Stubbs, B. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.017 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Panteleimon Ekkekakis, A. (2009) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11315210-000000000-00000 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Gordon, B. R., McDowell, C. P., Lyons, M., & Herring, M. P. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0769-0 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Lawton, E., Brymer, E., Clough, P., & Denovan, A. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01058 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Wu, P.-L., Lee, M., & Huang, T. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181515 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Smoking, quitting, and psychiatric disease: A review
Aubin, H., Rollema, H., Svensson, T. H., & Winterer, G. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.06.007 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Masten, C. L., Eisenberger, N. I., Borofsky, L. A., McNealy, K., Pfeifer, J. H., & Dapretto, M. (2011) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579410000799 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Acute aerobic exercise helps overcome emotion regulation deficits
Bernstein, E. E., & McNally, R. J. (2016) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2016.1168284 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Toward a unified treatment for emotional disorders: Update on the science and practice
Norton, P. J., & Paulus, D. J. (2016) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.07.002 · Cited by 180 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…disorders, psychosis/schizophrenia or substance use disorders; see above]; rather, we followed the approach suggested by Norton et al. (2013, 2015), Norton and Paulus (2016), Norton and Roberge (2017), Pearl and Norton (2017) and employed a trans-diagnostic approach; (4) based on recent results on…”
BackgroundPoyatos‐León, R., García‐Hermoso, A., Sanabria‐Martínez, G., Álvarez‐Bueno, C., Cavero‐Redondo, I., & Martínez‐Vizcaíno, V. (2017) · Birth · doi:10.1111/birt.12294 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Plummer, P., Zukowski, L. A., Giuliani, C., Hall, A. M., & Zurakowski, D. (2015) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000371577 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Stubbs, B., Rosenbaum, S., Vancampfort, D., Ward, P. B., & Schuch, F. B. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.010 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Krogh, J., Hjorthøj, C., Speyer, H., Gluud, C., & Nordentoft, M. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014820 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Exercise as treatment for alcohol use disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis
Hallgren, M., Vancampfort, D., Giesen, E. S., Lundin, A., & Stubbs, B. (2017) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096814 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Pearl, S. B., & Norton, P. J. (2017) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.07.004 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Spinhoven, P., Drost, J., van Hemert, B., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2015) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.05.001 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Aerobic exercise training and burnout: a pilot study with male participants suffering from burnout
Gerber, M., Brand, S., Elliot, C., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., Pühse, U., & Beck, J. (2013) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/1756-0500-6-78 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Norton, P. J., Barrera, T. L., Mathew, A. R., Chamberlain, L. D., Szafranski, D. D., Reddy, R., & Smith, A. H. (2013) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22018 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Sartori, C. R., Vieira, A. S., Ferrari, E. M., Langone, F., Tongiorgi, E., & Parada, C. A. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.02.055 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Lind, E., Ekkekakis, P., & Vazou, S. (2008) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105308088517 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Tang, F., Wang, G., & Lian, Y. (2017) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.11.025 · Cited by 117 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Similarly, Tang et al. (2017) showed in their meta-analysis an association between the occurrence of anxiety disorders and the risk of suffering from metabolic syndrome.”
BackgroundPérez-López, F. R., Martínez-Domínguez, S. J., Lajusticia, H., & Chedraui, P. (2017) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.09.001 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
A systematic review of mindfulness and acceptance-based treatments for social anxiety disorder
Norton, A. R., Abbott, M. J., Norberg, M. M., & Hunt, C. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22144 · Cited by 106 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…disorders, PTSD, anxiety disorders, psychosis/schizophrenia or substance use disorders; see above]; rather, we followed the approach suggested by Norton et al. (2013, 2015), Norton and Paulus (2016), Norton and Roberge (2017), Pearl and Norton (2017) and employed a trans-diagnostic approach;…”
BackgroundMethodLudyga, S., Brand, S., Gerber, M., Weber, P., Brotzmann, M., Habibifar, F., & Pühse, U. (2017) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2017.10.007 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Metabolic Syndrome in Bipolar Disorder
McElroy, S. L., & Keck, P. E. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.13r08634 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Madsen, K. A., McCulloch, C. E., & Crawford, P. B. (2008) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.07.044 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Repetitive negative thinking and suicide: a burgeoning literature with need for further exploration
Law, K. C., & Tucker, R. P. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.08.027 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Jobst, A., Sabass, L., Palagyi, A., Bauriedl-Schmidt, C., Mauer, M. C., Sarubin, N., Buchheim, A., Renneberg, B., Falkai, P., Zill, P., et al. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.11.001 · Cited by 94 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Lastly, compared to people without mental disorders, people with mental disorders had a tremendously increased risk of reporting psychosocial impairments and difficulties (Munjiza et al., 2014; Jobst et al., 2015); however, a survey of psychiatric hospitals revealed that inpatients expected to increase their social co…”
BackgroundAcute aerobic exercise hastens emotional recovery from a subsequent stressor
Bernstein, E. E., & McNally, R. J. (2017) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000482 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Kertz, S. J., Koran, J., Stevens, K. T., & Björgvinsson, Þ. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.03.006 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Effects of Exercise on Mild-to-Moderate Depressive Symptoms in the Postpartum Period
McCurdy, A., Boulé, N. G., Sivak, A., & Davenport, M. H. (2017) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000002053 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Does aerobic exercise reduce postpartum depressive symptoms? a systematic review and meta-analysis
Pritchett, R., Daley, A., & Jolly, K. B. (2017) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp17x692525 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Razazian, N., Yavari, Z., Farnia, V., Azizi, A., Kordavani, L., Bahmani, D. S., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2015) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000834 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Characteristics of smokers with a psychotic disorder and implications for smoking interventions
Baker, A., RICHMOND, R. L., Haile, M., Lewin, T. J., Carr, V. J., Taylor, R. L., Constable, P. M., Jansons, S., Wilhelm, K. A., & Moeller‐Saxone, K. (2007) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.05.021 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Knapen, J., de Vliet, P. V., Coppenolle, H. V., David, A., Peuskens, J., Pieters, G., & Knapen, K. (2005) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000087782 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Depression and smoking cessation: evidence from a smoking cessation clinic with 1-year follow-up
Stepankova, L., Kralikova, E., Zvolska, K., Pankova, A., Ovesna, P., Blaha, M., & Brose, L. S. (2017) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-016-9869-6 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Exercise Treatments for Psychosis: a Review
Mittal, V. A., Vargas, T., Osborne, K. J., Dean, D. J., Gupta, T., Ristanovic, I., Hooker, C. I., & Shankman, S. A. (2017) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-017-0112-2 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Physical fitness in people with posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review
Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Richards, J. A., Ward, P. B., Firth, J., Schuch, F. B., & Rosenbaum, S. (2016) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2016.1226412 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Gerber, M., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Pühse, U., & Brand, S. (2016) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s110656 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Do sex differences in rumination explain sex differences in depression?
Shors, T. J., Millon, E. M., Chang, H. Y. M., Olson, R. L., & Alderman, B. L. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23976 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Ahmadpanah, M., Astinsadaf, S., Akhondi, A., Haghighi, M., Sadeghi-Bahmani, D., Nazaribadie, M., Jahangard, L., Holsboer-trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2017) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.05.008 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
A critical review of exercise as a treatment for clinically depressed adults: time to get pragmatic
Schuch, F. B., Morres, I. D., Panteleimon Ekkekakis, A., Rosenbaum, S., & Stubbs, B. (2016) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2016.21 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Norton, P. J., & Roberge, P. (2017) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.003 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The role of rumination in affective distress in people with a chronic physical illness
Soo, H., Burney, S., & Basten, C. (2009) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105309341204 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Ahmadpanah, M., Akbari, T., Akhondi, A., Haghighi, M., Jahangard, L., Bahmani, D. S., Bajoghli, H., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.030 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Smoking and mental illness. An update for psychiatrists
Mendelsohn, C. P., Kirby, D. P., & Castle, D. J. (2014) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1039856214562076 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of Physical Activity Correlates in Alcohol Use Disorders
Vancampfort, D., Binder, M. D., Stubbs, B., Soundy, A., Herdt, A. D., Detraux, J., & Probst, M. (2014) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2014.08.006 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Herring, M. P., Hallgren, M. Å., & Koyanagi, A. (2017) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.09.006 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Salehi, I., Hosseini, S. M., Haghighi, M., Jahangard, L., Bajoghli, H., Gerber, M., Pühse, U., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.01.012 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The INTERPRET–DD study of diabetes and depression: a protocol
Lloyd, C. E., Sartorius, N., Cimino, L., Alvarez, A. M., de Braude, M. G., Rabbani, G., Ahmed, H. U., Papelbaum, M., de Freitas, S. R., Ji, L., et al. (2015) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.12719 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Gait in Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Dual-Task Paradigm
Manicolo, O., Grob, A., & Arx, P. H.-V. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00034 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Saligheh, M., Hackett, D. A., Boyce, P. M., & Cobley, S. P. (2017) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-017-0750-9 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Brand, S., Colledge, F., Pühse, U., Kalak, N., Bahmani, D. S., Mikoteit, T., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., Gerber, M., & Beeler, N. (2016) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s107313 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Meyer, J. D., Ellingson, L. D., Koltyn, K. F., Stegner, A. J., Kim, J., & Cook, D. B. (2016) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001022 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Child and adolescent psychopathology as risk factors for subsequent tobacco use
McMahon, R. J. (1999) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622299050011801 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Bartoli, F., Crocamo, C., Caslini, M., Clerici, M., & Carrà, G. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.04.028 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Sukhato, K., Lotrakul, M., Dellow, A., Ittasakul, P., Thakkinstian, A., & Anothaisintawee, T. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014499 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Gerber, M., Lindwall, M., Brand, S., Lang, C., Elliot, C., & Pühse, U. (2014) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.946072 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Higher emotional intelligence is related to lower test anxiety among students
Brand, S., Ahmadpanah, M., Keshavarz, M., Haghighi, M., Jahangard, L., Bajoghli, H., Bahmani, D. S., & Holsboer‐Trachsler, E. (2016) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s98259 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A systematic review of trials investigating strength training in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Keller-Varady, K., Varady, P. A., Röh, A., Schmitt, A., Falkai, P., Hasan, A., & Malchow, B. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.008 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Gerber, M., Jónsdóttir, I. H., Arvidson, E., Lindwall, M., & Lindegård, A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.12820 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Hallgren, M. Å., Veronese, N., Mugisha, J., Probst, M., & Koyanagi, A. (2017) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610217002216 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Exercise is medicine for depression: even when the “pill” is small
Hallgren, M., Vancampfort, D., & Stubbs, B. (2016) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s121782 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Lasting personality pathology following exposure to catastrophic trauma in adults: Systematic review
Munjiza, J., Law, V., & Crawford, M. (2014) · Personality and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/pmh.1271 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Physical activity correlates in people with anxiety: Data from 46 low- and middle-income countries.
Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., & Koyanagi, A. (2017) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.04.007 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Gotlib, D., Bostwick, J. R., Calip, S., Perelstein, E., Kurlander, J. E., & Fluent, T. (2025) · Psychopharmacology Bulletin · doi:10.64719/pb.4554 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Tarpada S. P. Morris M. T. (2017). Physical activity diminishes symptomatic decline in chronic schizophrenia: a systematic review. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 47 41– 52. 28936008 PMC5601086
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Norouzi, E., Hosseini, F., Vaezmosavi, M., Gerber, M., Pühse, U., & Brand, S. (2019) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2019.1683610 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Jahangard, L., Sadeghi, A., Ahmadpanah, M., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., Bahmani, D. S., Haghighi, M., & Brand, S. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.09.016 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Bahmani, D. S., Kesselring, J., Papadimitriou, M., Bansi, J., Pühse, U., Gerber, M., Shaygannejad, V., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00265 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Sadeghi Bahmani, D., Razazian, N., Motl, R. W., Farnia, V., Alikhani, M., Pühse, U., Gerber, M., & Brand, S. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.101380 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Goel, M., Mittal, A., Jain, V. R., Bharadwaj, A., Modi, S., Ahuja, G., Jain, A., & Kumar, K. (2024) · Annals of Neurosciences · doi:10.1177/09727531241255492 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Bahmani, D. S., Razazian, N., Farnia, V., Alikhani, M., Tatari, F., & Brand, S. (2019) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.032 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Kallies, G., Rapp, M. A., Fydrich, T., Fehm, L., Tschorn, M., Terán, C., Schwefel, M., Pietrek, A., Henze, R., Hellweg, R., et al. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.12.015 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Inpatient perspectives on physical activity in a secure mental health setting
Rogers, E. N., Papathomas, A., & Kinnafick, F. (2020) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101827 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Zeng, M., Chen, S., Zhou, X., Zhang, J., Chen, X., & Sun, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1000109 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Cordier, D., Gerber, M., & Brand, S. (2019) · 癌症：英文版 · doi:10.1186/s40880-019-0390-8 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Feng, Q., & Guo, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1190836 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Physical activity and specific symptoms of depression: A pooled analysis of six cohort studies
Soini, E., Rosenström, T. H., Määttänen, I., & Jokela, M. M. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.039 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Zhao, G., Xiao, L., Chen, Y.-H., Zhang, M., Peng, K.-W., & Wu, H. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.10.041 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Opdal, I. M., Morseth, B., Handegård, B. H., Lillevoll, K. R., Ask, H., Nielsen, C. S., Horsch, A., Furberg, A., Rosenbaum, S., & Rognmo, K. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7271-6 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Norbury, A., Liu, S. H., Campaña-Montes, J. J., Romero-Medrano, L., Barrigón, M. L., Smith, E. C., MEmind Study Group, Aroca, F., Artés-Rodrı́guez, A., Baca‐García, E., et al. (2020) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00963-5 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Sadeghi-Bahmani, D., Mohammadian, Y., Ghasemi, M., Bahmani, L. S., Piri, N., Brühl, A., Becker, S. P., Burns, G., & Brand, S. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11216346 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Rezaie, L., Norouzi, E., Bratty, A. J., & Khazaie, H. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01213-3 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Schmitter, M., Spijker, J., Smit, F., Tendolkar, I., Derksen, A.-M., Oostelbos, P., Wijnen, B. F. M., van Doesum, T., Smits, J. A. J., & Vrijsen, J. N. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02989-z · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Sheng, X., Wen, X., Liu, J., Zhou, X., & Li, K. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.17961 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Sattler, M. C., Färber, T., Loibnegger-Traußnig, K., Köberl, G., Paier, C., Dietz, P., & van Poppel, M. N. M. (2020) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100356 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Acute Exercise and Emotion Recognition in Young Adolescents
Brand, S., Gerber, M., Colledge, F., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., Pühse, U., & Ludyga, S. (2019) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2018-0160 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Chang, Y., Erickson, K. I., Stamatakis, E. A., & Hung, T. (2019) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-019-01190-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Weinstein, A. A., van Aert, R. C. M., Donovan, K., Muskens, L., & Kop, W. J. (2024) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001321 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Żyżniewska‐Banaszak, E., Kucharska–Mazur, J., & Mazur, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.772694 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Norouzi, E., Rezaie, L., Bender, A. M., & Khazaie, H. (2023) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2023.2176853 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Sadeghi-Bahmani, D., Esmaeili, L., Mokhtari, F., Sadeghi Bahmani, L., Afsharzadeh, M., Shaygannejad, V., Mirmosayyeb, O., Goldstein-Piekarski, A. N., & Gross, J. J. (2022) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.104029 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Wang, J., & Shen, W. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15050665 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Exercise for depression treatment. Physiological mechanisms
Gultyaeva, V. V., Zinchenko, M. I., Uryumtsev, D. Y., Krivoschekov, S. G., & Aftanas, L. I. (2019) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro2019119071112 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Ansari, W. E., Šebeňa, R., El-Ansari, K., & Suominen, S. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18421-0 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Regli, J., Bahmani, D. S., Rigotti, V., Stanga, Z. G., Ülgür, I. I., Fichter, C., Lang, U. E., Brühl, A. B., & Brand, S. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13154372 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The Endocannabinoid System as Modulator of Exercise Benefits in Mental Health
Amatriain‐Fernández, S., Budde, H., Gronwald, T., Quiroga, C., Carreón, C., Viana-Torre, G., Yamamoto, T., Imperatori, C., Machado, S. E. D. C., & Murillo‐Rodríguez, E. (2020) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666201218112748 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Li, Y., Konstabel, K., Mõttus, R., & Lemola, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.920580 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Acute aerobic exercise to recover from mental exhaustion – a randomized controlled trial
Oberste, M., de Waal, P., Joisten, N., Walzik, D., Egbringhoff, M., Javelle, F., Bloch, W., & Zimmer, P. (2021) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113588 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Ehrbar, J., Brand, S., Colledge, F., Donath, L., Egger, S., Hatzinger, M., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., Imboden, C., Schweinfurth, N., Vetter, S., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00322 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Cody, R., Christensen, M., Kreppke, J.-N., Faude, O., Gerber, M., & Nicca, D. (2022) · Mental Health and Physical Activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100464 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Physical Activity, Sleep-related Behaviors and Severity of Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Taliercio, J. R., Bonasera, B., Portillo, C., Ramjas, E., & Serper, M. R. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113489 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Chueh, T., Hsieh, S., Tsai, Y.-J., Yu, C.-L., Huang, C., & Hung, T. (2021) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104063 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Wang, S., Cheng, Y., Yang, Y., & Lu, B. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-25053-5 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
PE augmented mindfulness: A neurocognitive framework for research and future healthcare
Sars, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.899988 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Does an acute bout of moderate exercise reduce alcohol craving in university students?
Gawor, A., Hogervorst, E., & Wilcockson, T. D. W. (2021) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107071 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Exercise Interventions as the Primary Treatment for Depression: Evidence from a Narrative Review
Zemberi, N. F. N. M., Ismail, M. M., & Abdullah, M. F. I. L. B. (2020) · Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.21315/mjms2020.27.5.2 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bahmani, D. S., Gonzenbach, R. R., Kesselring, J., Bansi, J., Motl, R. W., Cordier, D., Rothen, O., Niedermoser, D. W., Gerber, M., & Brand, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.586244 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Milajerdi, H. R., Ordooiazar, F., & Dewey, D. (2022) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2022.2046721 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Soini, E., Rosenström, T. H., Määttänen, I., & Jokela, M. M. (2024) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2024.08.020 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The benefits of physical exercise on state anxiety: Exploring possible mechanisms
Herzog, E., Voß, M., Keller, V., Koch, S., Takano, K., & Cludius, B. (2022) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100478 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Ocular Measures of Attention to Emotionally Expressive Faces
Thom, N. J., Campbell, M. J., Reyes, C., & Herring, M. P. (2020) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-020-09927-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Sadeghi-Bahmani, D., Rigotti, V., Stanga, Z., Lang, U. E., Blais, R. K., Kelley, M. L., & Brand, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390636 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Welkerling, J., Niess, A. M., Schneeweiß, P., Sudeck, G., Rohe, T., & Wolf, S. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120829 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Get Moving: Physical Activity and Exercise for Mental Health
Fibbins, H., Lederman, O., & Rosenbaum, S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815012-2.00021-3 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Exercise for depression treatment. Exercise modalities and types
Gultyaeva, V. V., Zinchenko, M. I., Uryumtsev, D. Y., Krivoshchekov, S. G., & Aftanas, L. I. (2019) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro2019119091136 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Poli, S., Donisi, V., Mazzi, M. A., Gobbin, F., Giusto, G., Orlandi, R., Schena, F. F., Piccolo, L. D., das Nair, R., Gajofatto, A., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1342166 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Benefits, Risks and Gender Differences in Sport, and Exercise Dependence: Key Role of Alexithymia
Manfredi, P. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19095288 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lu, S. Y., McVeigh, J. A., Becerra, R., Bucks, R. S., Hunter, M. L., & Naragon‐Gainey, K. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100748 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Karafil, A. Y., & Pehli̇van, E. (2025) · Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology · doi:10.1007/s11135-025-02142-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Song, J., Qu, W., Zhao, Y., Xu, J., Xu, H., Tan, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, D., & Tan, S. (2025) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104391 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Knappe, F., Filippou, K., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Seelig, H., Meier, M., Pieters, L. A., Zollino, C., Pühse, U., & Gerber, M. (2025) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100681 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Greene, D. R., Holland, A. M., & Petruzzello, S. J. (2024) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports12050138 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Meyer, J. D., Kelly, S. J. E., Gidley, J. M., Lansing, J. E., Smith, S. L., Churchill, S. L., Connolly, M. L., Thomas, E. B. K., Goldberg, S. B., Abercrombie, H. C., et al. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.121606 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Vollbehr, N. K., Hoenders, R. H. J., Bartels‐Velthuis, A. A., de Jong, P. J., & Ostafin, B. D. (2023) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.1177/20438087231183777 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Perspective Physical Exercise of Students' Health and Fitness in Xi'an Physical Education University
Hu, X., & Phucharoen, T. (2024) · International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews · doi:10.60027/ijsasr.2024.4059 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kugelman, J., Doohan, M. A., Dyer, B. P., O’Brien, J., Kayal, M., & Chapman, J. J. (2025) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-025-01518-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Schmitter, M., Ikani, N., Zhang, Z., Tutunji, R., & Vrijsen, J. N. (2025) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-025-10652-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Assessing dietary, exercise, and non-pharmacological modalities within psychiatric hospitals
Metri, N., Ee, C., Wardle, J., Ng, C. H., Siskind, D. J., Brakoulias, V., Ho, F. Y., Wong, V. W.-H., Naidoo, U., Eaton, M., et al. (2022) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2022.03.006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Freude durch Sport und Bewegung bei psychischen Erkrankungen
Kreppke, J.-N., Cody, R., Faude, O., & Gerber, M. (2022) · Praxis · doi:10.1024/1661-8157/a003830 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Meixner, F., & Herbert, C. (2022) · Open Psychology · doi:10.1515/psych-2022-0010 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hu, X., & Phucharoen, T. (2024) · International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews · doi:10.60027/ijsasr.2024.5506 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Göring, A., Mayer, J., Jetzke, M., & Göttingen, U. (2020) · Hochschulsport: Bildung und Wissenschaft · doi:10.17875/gup2020-1337
Karabay, D., Tanık, F., Keskin, M., Öztürk, O., Kurt, M., & Kaya, D. Ö. (2023) · Ahi Evran Medical Journal · doi:10.46332/aemj.1221714
Tinôco, H. G. B. D. M., de Sousa, G. M., Ribeiro, E. B. A., Maciel, J. E. D. M., Tavares, V. D. D. O., de Morais, M. L., Bezerra, R. C., Fernandes, L. A., Lira, R. A., de Lima-Araujo, G. L., et al. (2025) · Mental Health and Physical Activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100679
Can you dig it? Volleyball participation to improve acute psychological states
Greene, D. R. (2025) · Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche · doi:10.23736/s0393-3660.24.05626-2
Fan, Q., Guo, Y. C., Liu, Z., Wang, G., & Wang, H. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120642
Gerber, M., Räber, D., Looser, V. N., & Ludyga, S. (2025) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103058
El Ansari, W., Šebeňa, R., El-Ansari, K., & Suominen, S. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26709899
Frei, A. K., Studnitz, T., Seiffer, B., Welkerling, J., Zeibig, J., Herzog, E., Günak, M. M., Ehring, T. W., Takano, K., Nakagawa, T., et al. (2026) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291725103085
Jiang, Y., Zhang, B., Zhao, H., & Shi, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2026.1645772
Wang, S., Lu, M., Yang, Y., Lu, B., Zhou, Y., & Ding, S. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0357384
Fysisk trening som behandling av depresjon – Forskningsevidens og norske psykologers bidrag
Herrebrøden, H., Wara, A. T., & Skaftnes, K. (2026) · Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening · doi:10.52734/eprb7436
- Authors
- Brand, S., Colledge, F., Ludyga, S., Emmenegger, R., Kalak, N., Sadeghi Bahmani, D., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Pühse, U., & Gerber, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Basel (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Brand, Serge
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-03-13
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 249-249
- ISSN
- 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5859016
- OpenAlex
- W2790209516
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 4.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel) (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- acute exercise, single bout exercise, mental illness, hospitalized patients, mood, rumination, social interaction, attention, fatigue, physical strength, physical activity, psychological well-being, repeated exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
