A pilot study of the effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on positive affect and social anxiety symptoms
Open accessAbstract
Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is efficacious in reducing residual depressive symptoms and preventing future depressive episodes (Kuyken et al., 2016). One potential treatment effect of MBCT may be improvement of positive affect (PA), due to improved awareness of daily positive events (Geschwind, Peeters, Drukker, Van Os, & Wichers, 2011). Considering social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by diminished PA (Brown, Chorpita, & Barlow, 1998; Kashdan, 2007), we sought to determine whether MBCT would reduce social anxiety symptoms, and whether this reduction would be associated with improvement of PA deficits. Adults (N = 22) who met criteria for varied anxiety disorders participated in a small, open-label trial of an 8-week manualized MBCT intervention. Most participants presented with either a diagnosis (primary, secondary, or tertiary) of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (N = 15) and/or SAD (N = 14) prior to treatment, with eight individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for both GAD and SAD. We hypothesized participants would demonstrate improvements in social anxiety symptoms, which would be predicted by improvements in PA, not reductions in negative affect (NA). Results of several hierarchical linear regression analyses (completed in both full and disorder-specific samples) indicated that improvements in PA but not reductions in NA predicted social anxiety improvement. This effect was not observed for symptoms of worry, which were instead predicted by decreased NA for individuals diagnosed with GAD and both decreased NA and increased PA in the entire sample. Results suggest that MBCT may be efficacious in mitigating social anxiety symptoms, and this therapeutic effect may be linked to improvements in PA. However, further work is necessary considering the small, heterogeneous sample, uncontrolled study design, and exploratory nature of the study.
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Mindfulness-based interventions such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy have been efficacious in decreasing negative emotions and SAD symptom severity.
“However, several mindfulness-based interventions, such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, can provide support for this component of DBT-SG as they have been efficacious in decreasing negative emotions and SAD symptom severity (Goldin et al., 2013; Strege et al., 2018).”
From Can dialectical behavior therapy skills group treat social anxiety disorder? A brief integrative review (2024) · cites this paper as Strege et al., 2018
The Results section reports significantly reduced social anxiety symptoms after MBCT, including among participants diagnosed with SAD. But the paper describes a small open-label pilot, and its Discussion says changes in positive affect—not negative affect—were linked to SAD symptom improvement. It does not establish the attributed efficacy in decreasing negative emotions; this citation concerns MBCT, not Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThis study seems to be the first to examine the extent to which specific aspects of mindfulness and emotional intelligence are associated with well-being and anxiety symptoms in individuals with GAD over and above rumination and worry.
“Although MBIs were effective in reducing anxiety symptoms and promoting well-being [56–58], this study seems to be the first to examine the extent to which specific aspects of mindfulness and emotional intelligence are associated with well-being and anxiety symptoms in individuals with GAD over and above rumination and worry.”
From Psychological well-being and distress in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: The roles of positive and negative functioning (2019) · cites this paper as [56]
The citation supports the first clause, not the citing authors’ claim that their study is the first to examine particular factors in GAD. The Results (Hypothesis 1; page unavailable) report reduced social anxiety symptoms after MBCT, but the Discussion (page unavailable) says the study did not include a measure of general well-being. Positive affect was examined, but that does not establish the broader well-being claim. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Strege, M. V., Swain, D., Bochicchio, L., Valdespino, A., & Richey, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Tech (US)
- Corresponding author
- Richey, John A.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-06-01
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 866-866
- ISSN
- 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5992451
- OpenAlex
- W2804159115
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, positive affect, social anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, negative affect, worry, anxiety disorders
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