Cited by 431Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressRedox biology and oxidative stressGastrointestinal motility and disorders

The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Human Pathology: Focus on Gastrointestinal Disorders

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Vona, Rosa, Pallotta, Lucia, Cappelletti, Martina, Severi, Carola, Matarrese, Paola·2021·Antioxidants

Abstract

Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. The imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant systems has been extensively studied in pulmonary, neurodegenerative cardiovascular disorders; however, its contribution is still debated in gastrointestinal disorders. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress affects gastrointestinal motility in obesity, and post-infectious disorders by favoring the smooth muscle phenotypic switch toward a synthetic phenotype. The aim of this review is to gain insight into the role played by oxidative stress in gastrointestinal pathologies (GIT), and the involvement of ROS in the signaling underlying the muscular alterations of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In addition, potential therapeutic strategies based on the use of antioxidants for the treatment of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases are reviewed and discussed. Although substantial progress has been made in identifying new techniques capable of assessing the presence of oxidative stress in humans, the biochemical-molecular mechanisms underlying GIT mucosal disorders are not yet well defined. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms through which oxidative stress-related signaling can contribute to the alteration of the GIT mucosa in order to devise effective preventive and curative therapeutic strategies

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Crossref · 10.3390/antiox10020201

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  • Lack of adequate methods to detect ROS/RNS in vivo is a major obstacle to understanding their role, mainly due to their very short lifetimes and the presence of several antioxidants in cells.

    “However, one of the major obstacles to understanding the role of these species is the lack of adequate methods to detect ROS/RNS in vivo, mainly due to their very short lifetimes and the presence of several antioxidants in cells [3].”

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3 retracted

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Authors
Vona, R., Pallotta, L., Cappelletti, M., Severi, C., & Matarrese, P.
Affiliations
  • Istituto Superiore di Sanità (IT)
  • Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
Corresponding author
Vona, Rosa
Venue
Antioxidants
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-01-30
Volume
10
Issue
2
Pages
201
ISSN
2076-3921 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3126864184
Cited by
431
References
206
Citations by year
2026: 49 · 2025: 114 · 2024: 147 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 12
FWCI
6.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Antioxidants (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Peretti Fundation (3603)
  • Sapienza University (2018- 000324_19_RS_SEVERI)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords
oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, gastrointestinal diseases, gastrointestinal motility, obesity, smooth muscle, antioxidant therapy, gastrointestinal mucosa, oxidative stress signaling

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