Beta-Aminoisobutyric Acid Inhibits Hypothalamic Inflammation by Reversing Microglia Activation
Open accessAbstract
Beta-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), a natural thymine catabolite, is involved in the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic disorders. In particular, it has been reported to reverse the inflammatory processes observed in the peripheral organs of animal models of obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether BAIBA improves hypothalamic inflammation, which is also tightly coupled with the development of obesity. We observed that treatment with BAIBA effectively reversed palmitic acid-induced hypothalamic inflammation and microglial activation in vivo. Consistent with these findings, we confirmed that BAIBA reversed body weight gain and increased adiposity observed in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Collectively, the current findings evidence the beneficial impacts of BAIBA on the imbalance of energy metabolism linked to hypothalamic inflammation.
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BAIBA promoted reversal of weight gain and adiposity in HFD-induced severely obese mice, attributed to restored hypothalamic neuronal function and possibly sensitivity to anorexigenic hormones.
“BAIBA promoted reversal of weight gain and adiposity in HFD-induced severely obese mice [114], attributed to restored hypothalamic neuronal function and possibly sensitivity to anorexigenic hormones.”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [114]
Results §3.1 and the Discussion report that BAIBA did not reverse body-weight or fat-mass increases in severely obese, long-term HFD-fed mice; it reduced hypothalamic inflammation instead. Results §3.5 reports reduced weight gain and adiposity only during early-stage HFD feeding. The cited passages do not establish restored neuronal function or sensitivity to anorexigenic hormones as the cause. (LLM, conf=0.91)
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredExercise-induced BAIBA directly inhibits hypothalamic inflammatory reactions in mice fed a high-fat diet.
“First, exercise-induced BAIBA has been recently shown to directly inhibit hypothalamic inflammatory reactions in mice fed a high-fat diet [114], which could indirectly increase central sensitivity to anorexigenic hormones [243] (1a) and could also be a complementary mechanism to its own ability to stimulate leptin production by adipocytes [109] (1b).”
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- Authors
- Park, B. S., Tu, T. H., Lee, H., Jeong, D. Y., Yang, S., Lee, B. J., & Kim, J. G.
- Affiliations
- Incheon National University (KR)
- University of Ulsan (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Byung Ju
- Kim, Jae Geun
- Venue
- Cells
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-12-11
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1609
- ISSN
- 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6952931
- OpenAlex
- W2995337679
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 1.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- B.J.L. was supported by the Priority Research Centers Program (2014R1A6A1030318) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (2014R1A6A1030318)
- Thai Hien Tu was supported by an Incheon National University (Foreign post-doctor program-2016) Research Grant (Foreign post-doctor program-2016)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- beta-aminoisobutyric acid, hypothalamic inflammation, microglial activation, obesity, palmitic acid, high-fat diet, energy metabolism, adiposity, weight gain
- MeSH terms
- Aminoisobutyric Acids, Animals, Cell Line, Disease Models, Animal, Encephalitis, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Hypothalamus, Male, Obesity, Cytokines, Microglia, Palmitic Acid, Mice, Diet, High-Fat
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