Impact of adolescents’ screen time and nocturnal mobile phone-related awakenings on sleep and general health symptoms: a prospective cohort study.
Open accessAbstract
Nocturnal media use has been linked to adolescents' sleeping problems in cross-sectional studies which do not address reverse causality. To prospectively assess the new occurrence of sleep problems or health symptoms in relation to electronic media use and nocturnal mobile phone use, we used data from the longitudinal Swiss HERMES (Health Effects Related to Mobile phone usE in adolescentS) cohort on 843 children from 7th to 9th grade. Logistic regression models were fitted and adjusted for relevant confounders. Adolescents reporting at baseline and follow-up at least one nocturnal awakenings from their own mobile phone per month were more likely to have developed restless sleep (Odds Ratio (OR): 5.66, 95% Confidence Interval: 2.24⁻14.26) and problems falling asleep (3.51, 1.05⁻11.74) within one year compared to adolescents without nocturnal awakenings. A similar pattern was observed for developing symptoms, although somewhat less pronounced in terms of the magnitude of the odds ratios. With respect to high screen time at baseline and follow-up, associations were observed for falling asleep (2.41, 1.41⁻4.13), exhaustibility (1.76, 1.02⁻3.03), lack of energy (1.76, 1.04⁻2.96) and lack of concentration (2.90, 1.55⁻5.42). Our results suggest a detrimental effect of screen time and mobile phone-related awakenings on sleep problems and related health symptoms. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously with respect to adolescents' natural changes in circadian rhythm, which may coincidence with an increase in mobile phone and media use.
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The evidence on which guidelines to stop using screens 1 to 2 hours before bedtime are based largely comes from cross-sectional studies with many inherent limitations.
“Moreover, the evidence on which these guidelines are based largely comes from cross-sectional studies with many inherent limitations.2,10,11,12”
From Screen Use at Bedtime and Sleep Duration and Quality Among Youths (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
The Abstract says earlier cross-sectional studies linked nocturnal media use to adolescent sleep problems but could not address reverse causality. The Discussion calls this one of the few longitudinal studies on electronic media use and sleep. However, the paper does not establish that guidelines to stop using screens 1–2 hours before bedtime are based largely on those studies. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Foerster, M., Henneke, A., Chetty-Mhlanga, S., & Röösli, M.
- Affiliations
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (CH)
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Röösli, Martin
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-02-12
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 518
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6388165
- OpenAlex
- W2913651083
- Semantic Scholar
- 8bc5484919ef6ed5ee11e8d7bf5abe283567dc35
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 17.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel)
- Funders
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (603794)
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (138190)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Keywords
- adolescent screen time, sleep disorders, restless sleep, health symptoms, circadian rhythm, mobile phone exposure, concentration difficulties, lack of energy
- MeSH terms
- Cell Phone Use, Screen Time, Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Cohort Studies, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Cell Phone
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