A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of telemedicine in glycemic management among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: Telemedicine interventions are gradually being used in primary health care to help patients with type 2 diabetes receive ongoing medical guidance. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using telemedicine in primary health care for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A systematic search was conducted from database inception to August 2021 in nine databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, EBSCO, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and CBM. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed for studies that met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 (Cochrane) and Stata v.16.0SE (College Station, TX, USA). Results: A total of 32 articles were included in this study. Analysis showed a reduction in glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, and postprandial glucose after the telemedicine intervention. Systolic blood pressure and self-efficacy improved significantly, but there was no significant improvement in weight, lipid metabolism, or diabetes awareness. Subgroup analysis based on the duration of intervention showed significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin at 6 months of intervention. Conclusions: Telemedicine interventions may help patients with type 2 diabetes to effectively control blood glucose and improve self-management in primary health care. There is only moderate benefit, and the benefit may not be sustained beyond 6 months. However, the evidence for the improvement in lipid metabolism is insufficient and further studies are needed.
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Benefits of telemedicine interventions may not be sustained beyond 6 months.
“Benefits are moderate and may not be sustained beyond 6 months.”
From Digital diabetes management technologies for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of home-based care interventions (2025) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Zhang, A., Wang, J., Wan, X., Zhang, Z., Zhao, S., Guo, Z., & Wang, C.
- Affiliations
- Yangzhou University (CN)
- Yangzhou Commission of Health, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Jinsong
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-03-31
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 4173
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8999008
- OpenAlex
- W4220984801
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 1.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Cadre Health Care Research Project of Jiangsu (BJ17011)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- telemedicine, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, blood pressure, self-efficacy, diabetes self-management, primary care, intervention duration
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Primary Health Care, Telemedicine
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