Cited by 262Extracellular vesicles in diseaseCellular transport and secretionNanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery

Current Knowledge on Exosome Biogenesis, Cargo-Sorting Mechanism and Therapeutic Implications

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Xie, Shenmin, Zhang, Qin, Jiang, Li·2022·Membranes

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membrane vesicles released by donor cells that can be taken up by recipient cells. The study of EVs has the potential to identify unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms in intercellular communication and disease. Exosomes, with an average diameter of ≈100 nanometers, are a subset of EVs. Different molecular families have been shown to be involved in the formation of exosomes and subsequent secretion of exosomes, which largely leads to the complexity of the form, structure and function of exosomes. In addition, because of their low immunogenicity and ability to transfer a variety of bioactive components to recipient cells, exosomes are regarded as effective drug delivery systems. This review summarizes the known mechanisms of exosomes biogenesis, cargo loading, exosomes release and bioengineering, which is of great importance for further exploration into the clinical applications of EVs.

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  1. [115]Trajkovic K. Hsu C. Chiantia S. Rajendran L. Wenzel D. Wieland F. Schwille P. Brugger B. Simons M. Ceramide triggers budding of exosome vesicles into multivesicular Endosomes Science 2008 319 1244 1247 10.1126/science.1153124 18309083 · DOI
  2. [189]Fordjour F.K. Daaboul G.G. Gould S.J.J.B. A shared pathway of exosome biogenesis operates at plasma and endosome membranes BioRxiv 2019 545228

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Authors
Xie, S., Zhang, Q., & Jiang, L.
Affiliations
China Agricultural University (CN)
Corresponding author
Jiang, Li
Venue
Membranes
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-05-06
Volume
12
Issue
5
Pages
498
ISSN
2077-0375 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4229375124
Cited by
262
References
194
Citations by year
2026: 64 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 15
FWCI
5.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Membranes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFE0106800, IRT_15R62)
  • Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (2019YFE0106800, IRT_15R62)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Keywords
exosomes, extracellular vesicles, exosome biogenesis, cargo sorting, exosome secretion, intercellular communication, drug delivery systems, therapeutic applications

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