CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,491

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials – an ISEV position paper

Lener, Thomas, Gimona, Mario, Aigner, Ludwig, Börger, Verena, Buzas, Edit, Camussi, Giovanni, Chaput, Nathalie, Chatterjee, Devasis, Court, Felipe A., del Portillo, Hernando A., O'Driscoll, Lorraine, Fais, Stefano, Falcon‐Perez, Juan M., Felderhoff‐Mueser, Ursula, Fraile, Lorenzo, Gho, Yong Song, Görgens, André, Gupta, Ramesh C., Hendrix, An, Hermann, Dirk M., Hill, Andrew F., Hochberg, Fred, Horn, Peter A., de Kleijn, Dominique, Kordelas, Lambros, Kramer, Boris W., Krämer‐Albers, Eva‐Maria, Laner‐Plamberger, Sandra, Laitinen, Saara, Leonardi, Tommaso, Lorenowicz, Magdalena J., Lim, Sai Kiang, Lötvall, Jan, Maguire, Casey A., Marcilla, Antonio, Nazarenko, Irina, Ochiya, Takahiro, Patel, Tushar, Pedersen, Shona, Pocsfalvi, Gabriella, Pluchino, Stefano, Quesenberry, Peter, Reischl, Ilona G., Rivera, Francisco J., Sanzenbacher, Ralf, Schallmoser, Katharina, Slaper‐Cortenbach, Ineke, Strunk, Dirk, Tonn, Torsten, Vader, Pieter, van Balkom, Bas W. M., Wauben, Marca, Andaloussi, Samir El, Théry, Clotilde, Rohde, Eva, Giebel, Bernd·2015·Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
DOI 10.3402/jev.v4.30087PMC PMC4698466
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are released by different cell types and participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes. EVs mediate intercellular communication as cell‐derived extracellular signalling organelles that transmit specific information from their cell of origin to their target cells. As a result of these properties, EVs of defined cell types may serve as novel tools for various therapeutic approaches, including (a) anti‐tumour therapy, (b) pathogen vaccination, (c) immune‐modulatory and regenerative therapies and (d) drug delivery. The translation of EVs into clinical therapies requires the categorization of EV‐based therapeutics in compliance with existing regulatory frameworks. As the classification defines subsequent requirements for manufacturing, quality control and clinical investigation, it is of major importance to define whether EVs are considered the active drug components or primarily serve as drug delivery vehicles. For an effective and particularly safe translation of EV‐based therapies into clinical practice, a high level of cooperation between researchers, clinicians and competent authorities is essential. In this position statement, basic and clinical scientists, as members of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) and of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, namely European Network on Microvesicles and Exosomes in Health and Disease (ME‐HaD), summarize recent developments and the current knowledge of EV‐based therapies. Aspects of safety and regulatory requirements that must be considered for pharmaceutical manufacturing and clinical application are highlighted. Production and quality control processes are discussed. Strategies to promote the therapeutic application of EVs in future clinical studies are addressed.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3402/jev.v4.30087

Cites

18 of 18 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Fig. 1 Pharmaceutical categories and a suggested classification of EV-based therapeutics. Chart depicts the Categories of Medicinal Products with respect to their origin (chemical, biological, herbal). Medicinal Products (according to DIRECTIVE 2001/83/EC) include any substance or combination of substances for treating or preventing disease in humans. Any substance or combination of substances which may be administered to humans with a view to making a medical diagnosis or to restoring, correcting or modifying physiological functions in humans is likewise considered a medicinal product. The suggested classification of EV-based therapeutics within the class of biological medicinal products is provided (grey fields). Bold indicates categories from which existing legislation is recommended to be considered for preclinical and clinical development of EV-therapeutics.
Fig. 1 Pharmaceutical categories and a suggested classification of EV-based therapeutics. Chart depicts the Categories of Medicinal Products with respect to their origin (chemical, biological, herbal). Medicinal Products (according to DIRECTIVE 2001/83/EC) include any substance or combination of substances for treating or preventing disease in humans. Any substance or combination of substances which may be administered to humans with a view to making a medical diagnosis or to restoring, correcting or modifying physiological functions in humans is likewise considered a medicinal product. The suggested classification of EV-based therapeutics within the class of biological medicinal products is provided (grey fields). Bold indicates categories from which existing legislation is recommended to be considered for preclinical and clinical development of EV-therapeutics.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 18 references

Research works printed but not linked: 283

  1. 10.3402/jev.v4.27066 · DOI · Paper page
  2. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu741 · DOI
  3. 10.1083/jcb.97.2.329 · DOI · Paper page
  4. 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90040-5 · DOI
  5. 10.1083/jcb.101.3.942 · DOI
  6. 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1971.tb03416.x · DOI
  7. Gould SJ, 2013, As we wait: coping with an imperfect nomenclature for extracellular vesicles, J Extracell Vesicles., 2, 20360, 10.3402/jev.v2i0.20389 · DOI
  8. 10.1083/jcb.41.1.59 · DOI
  9. 10.1038/ncb1800 · DOI · Paper page
  10. 10.1038/sj.leu.2404132 · DOI
  11. 10.1038/nm0598-594 · DOI
  12. 10.1186/1479-5876-3-10 · DOI
  13. 10.1186/1479-5876-3-9 · DOI
  14. 10.1016/S0022-1759(02)00330-7 · DOI
  15. 10.1097/CJI.0b013e3181fe535b · DOI
  16. 10.4049/jimmunol.172.4.2137 · DOI
  17. 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0220 · DOI
  18. 10.1007/s00262-006-0225-8 · DOI
  19. Besse B, 2016, Dendritic cell‐derived exosomes as maintenance immunotherapy after first line chemotherapy in NSCLC, Oncoimmunology, 5, 10.1080/2162402X.2015.1071008 · DOI · Paper page
  20. 10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.05.003 · DOI · Paper page
  21. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-3918 · DOI
  22. 10.4049/jimmunol.1203082 · DOI
  23. 10.1038/85438 · DOI
  24. 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09552-1 · DOI
  25. 10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.04.008 · DOI
  26. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.01.014 · DOI
  27. 10.1038/mt.2008.1 · DOI
  28. 10.4049/jimmunol.1101988 · DOI
  29. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.11.034 · DOI
  30. 10.1002/jgm.1307 · DOI
  31. 10.1089/hum.2012.037 · DOI
  32. 10.3402/jev.v3.24646 · DOI
  33. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-3163 · DOI
  34. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.133 · DOI · Paper page
  35. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-4076 · DOI
  36. 10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073413 · DOI
  37. 10.1128/JVI.05853-11 · DOI
  38. 10.3402/jev.v3.25040 · DOI
  39. 10.2217/fmb.11.112 · DOI
  40. 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2008.00734.x · DOI
  41. 10.1371/journal.pone.0103811 · DOI
  42. 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.02.006 · DOI
  43. 10.1128/IAI.01171-09 · DOI
  44. 10.1371/journal.pone.0026588 · DOI
  45. 10.1182/blood-2007-03-079152 · DOI
  46. 10.4049/jimmunol.1103638 · DOI
  47. 10.1002/eji.201343727 · DOI
  48. 10.1128/IAI.72.7.4127-4137.2004 · DOI
  49. 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.07.002 · DOI
  50. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.01.022 · DOI
  51. 10.1128/CVI.05217-11 · DOI
  52. 10.4049/jimmunol.1200742 · DOI
  53. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.059 · DOI
  54. 10.4049/jimmunol.179.11.7692 · DOI
  55. 10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00046-8 · DOI
  56. Haneberg B, 1998, Intranasal administration of a meningococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccine induces persistent local mucosal antibodies and serum antibodies with strong bactericidal activity in humans, Infect Immun., 66, 1334, 10.1128/IAI.66.4.1334-1341.1998 · DOI
  57. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.06.001 · DOI
  58. 10.1128/IAI.67.1.113-119.1999 · DOI
  59. 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.04.023 · DOI
  60. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.071 · DOI
  61. 10.1007/s40259-013-0029-2 · DOI
  62. 10.1021/nl503508h · DOI
  63. 10.1128/CMR.00005-07 · DOI
  64. Zhu L, 2014, Inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection by recombinant adenovirus‐ and/or exosome‐delivered the artificial microRNAs targeting sialoadhesin and CD163 receptors, Virol J., 11, 225, 10.1186/s12985-014-0225-9 · DOI
  65. 10.1038/ncb1725 · DOI
  66. 10.1126/science.aab3628 · DOI
  67. 10.1097/00007890-196803000-00009 · DOI
  68. Friedenstein AJ, 1974, Precursors for fibroblasts in different populations of hematopoietic cells as detected by the in vitro colony assay method, Exp Hematol., 2, 83
  69. 10.1002/jor.1100090504 · DOI
  70. 10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.015 · DOI · Paper page
  71. 10.1038/nm.3028 · DOI
  72. 10.1089/107632701300062859 · DOI · Paper page
  73. 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.01986.x · DOI
  74. Mareschi K, 2001, Isolation of human mesenchymal stem cells: bone marrow versus umbilical cord blood, Haematologica., 86, 1099
  75. 10.1016/j.stem.2008.03.002 · DOI
  76. 10.1084/jem.20040440 · DOI
  77. 10.1038/nature00870 · DOI
  78. 10.1182/blood.V99.10.3838 · DOI · Paper page
  79. 10.1038/nri3209 · DOI
  80. 10.1016/j.exphem.2007.11.007 · DOI
  81. 10.1182/blood-2005-07-2657 · DOI · Paper page
  82. 10.1182/blood-2003-11-3909 · DOI
  83. 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0554 · DOI
  84. 10.4049/jimmunol.181.6.3933 · DOI
  85. 10.1177/1074248412453875 · DOI
  86. 10.1089/hum.2015.072 · DOI
  87. 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01151.x · DOI
  88. 10.1038/leu.2015.89 · DOI
  89. 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60690-X · DOI
  90. 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16104-7 · DOI · Paper page
  91. 10.1002/art.30474 · DOI
  92. 10.1038/pr.2011.56 · DOI
  93. 10.1002/stem.459 · DOI
  94. 10.1016/j.stem.2009.05.003 · DOI · Paper page
  95. 10.1038/leu.2012.202 · DOI
  96. 10.1016/j.scr.2009.12.003 · DOI · Paper page
  97. 10.1016/j.scr.2008.02.002 · DOI
  98. 10.1096/fj.05-5211com · DOI
  99. 10.1681/ASN.2008070798 · DOI
  100. 10.1093/ndt/gfr015 · DOI
  101. 10.1371/journal.pone.0033115 · DOI
  102. 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01589.x · DOI
  103. 10.1186/scrt194 · DOI
  104. 10.3402/jev.v2i0.21927 · DOI
  105. 10.1371/journal.pone.0044092 · DOI
  106. 10.1186/scrt428 · DOI
  107. 10.1089/scd.2013.0479 · DOI
  108. 10.1038/leu.2014.41 · DOI
  109. 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00860.x · DOI
  110. 10.1186/scrt465 · DOI · Paper page
  111. 10.1089/scd.2012.0395 · DOI
  112. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.114173 · DOI
  113. 10.1002/stem.1504 · DOI · Paper page
  114. 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.03.031 · DOI · Paper page
  115. 10.1002/stem.1771 · DOI
  116. 10.1089/scd.2012.0095 · DOI
  117. 10.1186/scrt159 · DOI
  118. 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00718.x · DOI
  119. 10.2217/17460751.2.4.417 · DOI
  120. 10.1371/journal.pone.0073031 · DOI
  121. Gortner L, 2012, Regenerative therapies in neonatology: clinical perspectives, Klin Pädiatr., 224, 233, 10.1055/s-0032-1316296 · DOI
  122. 10.3727/096368911X637380 · DOI · Paper page
  123. 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.065 · DOI
  124. 10.1371/journal.pone.0072604 · DOI
  125. 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.152 · DOI
  126. 10.1097/TA.0000000000000186 · DOI
  127. 10.5966/sctm.2015-0078 · DOI
  128. 10.2174/1381612811209023086 · DOI
  129. 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.009 · DOI
  130. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1835-10.2010 · DOI
  131. 10.4067/S0716-97602012000300007 · DOI
  132. 10.1038/srep01197 · DOI
  133. 10.1038/nbt.1807 · DOI · Paper page
  134. 10.1038/mt.2012.180 · DOI · Paper page
  135. 10.1002/mds.25978 · DOI
  136. 10.1038/nprot.2012.131 · DOI
  137. 10.5966/sctm.2014-0267 · DOI
  138. 10.1007/s00109-013-1110-5 · DOI
  139. 10.1371/journal.pone.0068451 · DOI
  140. 10.1371/journal.pone.0115316 · DOI
  141. 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.002 · DOI · Paper page
  142. 10.1172/JCI66517 · DOI
  143. 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00382 · DOI
  144. 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.02.019 · DOI · Paper page
  145. 10.1126/scisignal.2005231 · DOI
  146. 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1396 · DOI
  147. 10.1182/blood-2006-08-043471 · DOI
  148. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.503433 · DOI
  149. 10.1161/01.ATV.0000114236.77009.06 · DOI
  150. 10.1002/term.1673 · DOI
  151. 10.1182/blood-2008-09-181362 · DOI
  152. 10.1126/science.275.5302.964 · DOI · Paper page
  153. Ito H, 1999, Endothelial progenitor cells as putative targets for angiostatin, Cancer Res., 59, 5875
  154. 10.1161/01.RES.0000105569.77539.21 · DOI
  155. 10.1182/blood-2005-04-1509 · DOI
  156. 10.1182/blood-2005-08-3215 · DOI
  157. 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0072 · DOI
  158. 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0833 · DOI
  159. 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.253286 · DOI
  160. 10.1182/blood-2009-08-239228 · DOI
  161. 10.1182/blood-2013-02-478925 · DOI
  162. 10.1182/blood-2007-03-078709 · DOI
  163. 10.1177/039463201202500110 · DOI
  164. 10.1038/ki.2012.105 · DOI
  165. 10.1182/blood-2014-11-611046 · DOI
  166. 10.1002/eji.201242909 · DOI
  167. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.044 · DOI
  168. 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.05.019 · DOI
  169. 10.1016/j.cellimm.2013.06.010 · DOI
  170. 10.1038/nature01552 · DOI
  171. 10.1038/nature03889 · DOI
  172. 10.1371/journal.pone.0005959 · DOI
  173. 10.1002/ana.21745 · DOI · Paper page
  174. 10.1073/pnas.0603747103 · DOI · Paper page
  175. 10.1093/brain/awr339 · DOI
  176. Döppner TR, 2012, Transduction of neural precursor cells with TAT‐heat shock protein 70 chaperone: therapeutic potential against ischemic stroke after intrastriatal and systemic transplantation, Stem Cells., 30, 1297, 10.1002/stem.1098 · DOI
  177. 10.1038/nrn809 · DOI
  178. 10.1002/glia.22500 · DOI
  179. 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.08.020 · DOI
  180. 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001604 · DOI · Paper page
  181. 10.1098/rstb.2013.0510 · DOI · Paper page
  182. 10.3389/fphys.2012.00205 · DOI
  183. 10.1002/glia.22558 · DOI · Paper page
  184. 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.04.008 · DOI
  185. 10.1371/journal.pone.0045974 · DOI
  186. 10.1002/stem.2078 · DOI
  187. 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.020 · DOI
  188. 10.1186/scrt546 · DOI
  189. 10.1002/stem.1982 · DOI
  190. 10.1002/stem.2063 · DOI
  191. 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.06.002 · DOI
  192. 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04564.x · DOI
  193. 10.1681/ASN.2014070710 · DOI
  194. 10.1002/stem.1409 · DOI
  195. 10.1371/journal.pone.0088685 · DOI
  196. 10.4049/jimmunol.182.3.1548 · DOI
  197. 10.1038/srep17622 · DOI
  198. 10.1002/pmic.200900840 · DOI
  199. 10.1136/gut.52.12.1690 · DOI
  200. 10.4049/jimmunol.1003884 · DOI · Paper page

200 of 283 shown

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 1,491

Metadata

Authors
Lener, T., Gimona, M., Aigner, L., Börger, V., Buzas, E., Camussi, G., Chaput, N., Chatterjee, D., Court, F. A., del Portillo, H. A., O'Driscoll, L., Fais, S., Falcon‐Perez, J. M., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., Fraile, L., Gho, Y. S., Görgens, A., Gupta, R. C., Hendrix, A., Hermann, D. M., Hill, A. F., Hochberg, F., Horn, P. A., de Kleijn, D., Kordelas, L., Kramer, B. W., Krämer‐Albers, E., Laner‐Plamberger, S., Laitinen, S., Leonardi, T., Lorenowicz, M. J., Lim, S. K., Lötvall, J., Maguire, C. A., Marcilla, A., Nazarenko, I., Ochiya, T., Patel, T., Pedersen, S., Pocsfalvi, G., Pluchino, S., Quesenberry, P., Reischl, I. G., Rivera, F. J., Sanzenbacher, R., Schallmoser, K., Slaper‐Cortenbach, I., Strunk, D., Tonn, T., Vader, P., van Balkom, B. W. M., Wauben, M., Andaloussi, S. E., Théry, C., Rohde, E., & Giebel, B.
Affiliations
  • Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS) Paracelsus Medical University (PMU) Salzburg Austria
  • Institute for Transfusion Medicine University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
  • Department of Genetics, Cell‐ and Immunobiology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary
  • Molecular Biotechnology Center Department of Medical Sciences University of Turin Turin Italy
  • Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology UMS 3655 CNRS/US23 Inserm Villejuif France
  • Division of Hematology & Oncology Rhode Island Hospital Providence RI USA
  • Department of Physiology Faculty of Biology Pontificia‐Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
  • ICREA at Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB) Hospital Clínic – Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
  • School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Trinity College Dublin Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
  • Anti‐Tumor Drugs Section Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation National Institute of Health (ISS) Rome Italy
  • Metabolomics Unit CIC bioGUNE CIBERehd Bizkaia Technology Park Derio Spain
  • Department of Paediatrics I Neonatology University Hospital Essen University Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
  • Departament de Producció Animal ETSEA Universitat de Lleida Lleida Spain
  • Department of Life Sciences Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang Republic of Korea
  • Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Louisville KY USA
  • Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
  • Department of Neurology University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
  • Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University Melbourne Australia
  • Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA
  • Department of Surgery YLL School of Medicine NUS Singapore Singapore
  • Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
  • Experimental Perinatology/Neonatology School of Mental Health and Neuroscience School of Oncology and Developmental Biology Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht The Netherlands
  • Molecular Cell Biology and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences University of Mainz Mainz Germany
  • Research and Cell Services Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Helsinki Finland
  • Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology Department of Clinical Neurosciences Wellcome Trust‐Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
  • Department of Cell Biology Center for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center Utrecht The Netherlands
  • Institute of Medical Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
  • Krefting Research Centre Institute of Medicine the Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
  • Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA
  • Dpto. Biología Celular y Parasitologia Facultat de Farmacia Universitat de Valencia Valencia Spain
  • Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control Medical Center University of Freiburg Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
  • Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo Japan
  • Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL USA
  • Centre for Cardiovascular Research Department of Clinical Biochemistry Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
  • Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Institute of Biosciences and BioResources National Research Council of Italy Naples Italy
  • BASG – Bundesamt für Sicherheit im Gesundheitswesen – Federal Office for Safety in Health Care AGES – Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit – Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Institut Überwachung – Institute Surveillance Wien Austria
  • Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS) Paracelsus Medical University (PMU) Salzburg Austria
  • Ralf Sanzenbacher Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institut Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines Langen Germany
  • Cell Therapy Facility Department of Clinical Pharmacy University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
  • Experimental & Clinical Cell Therapy Institute Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS) Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria
  • Institute for Transfusion Medicine Dresden German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North‐East Dresden Germany
  • Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
  • Department of Nephrology and Hypertension University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
  • Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
  • Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK
  • INSERM U932 Institut Curie Paris France
Venue
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2015-01
Volume
4
Issue
1
ISSN
2001-3078
DOI
10.3402/jev.v4.30087
PMC
PMC4698466
Cited by
1,491
References
18
Language
en
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials – an ISEV position paper. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3402/jev.v4.30087
The paper
Lener, T., Gimona, M., Aigner, L., Börger, V., Buzas, E., Camussi, G., Chaput, N., Chatterjee, D., Court, F. A., del Portillo, H. A., O'Driscoll, L., Fais, S., Falcon‐Perez, J. M., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., Fraile, L., Gho, Y. S., Görgens, A., Gupta, R. C., Hendrix, A., . . . Giebel, B. (2015). Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials – an ISEV position paper. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles. https://doi.org/10.3402/jev.v4.30087