Experimental sleep curtailment causes wake-dependent increases in 24-h energy expenditure as measured by whole-room indirect calorimetry
Open accessAbstract
Background Epidemiologic evidence has shown a link between short sleep and obesity. Clinical studies suggest a role of increased energy intake in this relation, whereas the contributions of energy expenditure (EE) and substrate utilization are less clearly defined.Objective Our aim was to investigate the effects of sleep curtailment on 24-h EE and respiratory quotient (RQ) by using whole-room indirect calorimetry under fixed-meal conditions.Design Ten females aged 22-43 y with a BMI (in kg/m²) of 23.4-27.5 completed a randomized, crossover study. Participants were studied under short- (4 h/night) and habitual- (8 h/night) sleep conditions for 3 d, with a 4-wk washout period between visits. Standardized weight-maintenance meals were served at 0800, 1200, and 1900 with a snack at 1600. Measures included EE and RQ during the sleep episode on day 2 and continuously over 23 h on day 3.Results Short compared with habitual sleep resulted in significantly higher (± SEM) 24-h EE (1914.0 ± 62.4 compared with 1822.1 ± 43.8 kcal; P = 0.012). EE during the scheduled sleep episode (0100-0500 and 2300-0700 in short- and habitual-sleep conditions, respectively) and across the waking episode (0800-2300) were unaffected by sleep restriction. RQ was unaffected by sleep restriction.Conclusions Short compared with habitual sleep is associated with an increased 24-h EE of ~92 kcal (~5%)--lower than the increased energy intake observed in prior sleep-curtailment studies. This finding supports the hypothesis that short sleep may predispose to weight gain as a result of an increase in energy intake that is beyond the modest energy costs associated with prolonged nocturnal wakefulness.
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When 24-hour energy expenditure was measured in a metabolic chamber, energy expenditure was increased with sleep restriction relative to habitual sleep.
“However, when 24-hour energy expenditure was measured in a metabolic chamber, which provides a more confined environment, energy expenditure was increased with sleep restriction relative to habitual sleep.59,82,83”
From Sleep Duration and Quality: Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2016) · cites this paper as [83]
Sleep restriction increases energy expenditure due to increased wakefulness.
“While sleep restriction increases energy expenditure due to increased wakefulness, it can lead to a disproportionate increase in food intake, decrease in physical activity, and weight gain.”
From Metabolic effects of sleep disruption, links to obesity and diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [40]
Short sleep with 4 h TIB compared to 8 h TIB for 3 nights increases 24-h energy expenditure by 5% as measured by whole room calorimetry.
“In a third study, short sleep with 4 h TIB compared to 8 h TIB for 3 nights increased 24-h EE by 5% as measured by whole room calorimetry [40].”
From Metabolic effects of sleep disruption, links to obesity and diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [40]
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Petrov, M. E. R., Zuraikat, F. M., Cheng, B., Aggarwal, B., Jelić, S., Laferrère, B., & St‐Onge, M. (2024) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.10.035 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationRosenberg, R. C., Breit, M. J., Clark, K. C., Broussard, J. L., Catenacci, V. A., Depner, C. M., Simon, S. L., Wright, K. P., Zuraikat, F. M., & Creasy, S. A. (2025) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.70017 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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Faradila, U. N., Wijayanti, H. S., Tsani, A. F. A., Widyastuti, N., Fitranti, D. Y., & Dieny, F. F. (2020) · Food Research · doi:10.26656/fr.2017.4(s3).s21 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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The Role of Sleep in the Control of Feeding Behavior
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La privation de sommeil fait grossir : mythe ou réalité ?
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- Authors
- Shechter, A., Rising, R., Albu, J. B., & St-Onge, M.-P.
- Affiliations
- St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center (US)
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1433-1439
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3831535
- OpenAlex
- W2020299718
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 6.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000040)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL091352)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK026687, T32DK007559)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024156)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- sleep restriction, short sleep duration, energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, obesity, energy intake, nocturnal wakefulness, substrate utilization
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Energy Intake, Calorimetry, Indirect, Circadian Rhythm, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Motor Activity, Oxygen Consumption, Sleep Deprivation, Reproducibility of Results, Weight Gain, Up-Regulation, Body Mass Index, Cross-Over Studies, Overweight, Young Adult
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