Influenza A inhibits Th17-mediated host defense against bacterial pneumonia in mice.
Open accessAbstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of hospital and community acquired pneumonia and causes secondary infection after influenza A. Recently, patients with hyper-IgE syndrome, who often present with S. aureus infections of the lung and skin, were found to have mutations in STAT3, required for Th17 immunity, suggesting a potential critical role for Th17 cells in S. aureus pneumonia. Indeed, IL-17R(-/-) and IL-22(-/-) mice displayed impaired bacterial clearance of S. aureus compared with that of wild-type mice. Mice challenged with influenza A PR/8/34 H1N1 and subsequently with S. aureus had increased inflammation and decreased clearance of both virus and bacteria. Coinfection resulted in greater type I and II IFN production in the lung compared with that with virus infection alone. Importantly, influenza A coinfection resulted in substantially decreased IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 production after S. aureus infection. The decrease in S. aureus-induced IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 was independent of type II IFN but required type I IFN production in influenza A-infected mice. Furthermore, overexpression of IL-23 in influenza A, S. aureus-coinfected mice rescued the induction of IL-17 and IL-22 and markedly improved bacterial clearance. These data indicate a novel mechanism by which influenza A-induced type I IFNs inhibit Th17 immunity and increase susceptibility to secondary bacterial pneumonia.
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Type I IFN-mediated inhibition of Th17 immunity reduces CD4+ T cells and gamma delta T cells, leading to reduced production of IL-17 and IL-22 and preventing clearance of bacteria.
“and therefore there is a reduction in the levels of CD4+ T cells and gamma delta T cells and hence a reduction in the production of IL-17 and IL-22, preventing the clearance of bacteria (Shahangian et al., 2009; Kudva et al., 2011; Mulcahy and McLoughlin, 2016).”
From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Kudva et al., 2011
Type I IFNs inhibit IL-23-dependent induction of Th17 immunity.
“Additionally, Type I IFNs inhibit interleukin 23 (IL-23) dependent induction of T helper cell 17 (Th17) immunity”
From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Kudva et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Kudva, A., Scheller, E. V., Robinson, K. M., Crowe, C. R., Choi, S. M., Slight, S. R., Khader, S. A., Dubin, P. J., Enelow, R. I., Kolls, J. K., & Alcorn, J. F.
- Affiliations
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (US)
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, PA 15224
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans (US)
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kudva, Anupa
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-02-01
- Volume
- 186
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1666-1674
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- PMC
- PMC4275066
- OpenAlex
- W2105431972
- Cited by
- 346
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 13.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (7r01hl079142-05)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL107380, R37HL079142, R01-HL079142)
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Keywords
- influenza A virus, Staphylococcus aureus, secondary bacterial pneumonia, Th17 response, IL-17, IL-22, IL-23, type I interferon, interferon-gamma, co-infection, hyper-IgE syndrome, STAT3, bacterial clearance, lung inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Interleukin-22, Animals, Cells, Cultured, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, Humans, Interferon Type I, Interleukins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus aureus, Signal Transduction, Mice, Knockout, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Interleukin-17, Mice, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Interleukin-23
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