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Ontogeny and Functions of Central Nervous System Macrophages

Katsumoto, Atsuko, Lu, Haiyan, Miranda, Aline S, Ransohoff, Richard M·2014·The Journal of Immunology
DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.1400716PMC PMC4157312
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Abstract

Microglia, the only nonneuroepithelial cells found in the parenchyma of the CNS, originate during embryogenesis from the yolk sac and enter the CNS quite early (embryonic day 9.5–10 in mice). Thereafter, microglia are maintained independently of any input from the blood and, in particular, do not require hematopoietic stem cells as a source of replacement for senescent cells. Monocytes are hematopoietic cells, derived from bone marrow. The ontogeny of microglia and monocytes is important for understanding CNS pathologies. Microglial functions are distinct from those of blood-derived monocytes, which invade the CNS only under pathological conditions. Recent data reveal that microglia play an important role in managing neuronal cell death, neurogenesis, and synaptic interactions. In this article, we discuss the physiology of microglia and the functions of monocytes in CNS pathology. We address the roles of microglia and monocytes in neurodegenerative diseases as an example of CNS pathology.

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  • Microglia are the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system that perform functions required for typical development, homeostasis, plasticity, immunity and repair.

    “Microglia are the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system (CNS) that perform functions required for typical development, as well as homeostasis, plasticity, immunity and repair (1–5).”

    From An environment-dependent transcriptional network specifies human microglia identity (2017) · cites this paper as [2]

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Authors
Katsumoto, A., Lu, H., Miranda, A. S., & Ransohoff, R. M.
Affiliations
Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner Research Institute , Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
Venue
The Journal of Immunology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2014-09
Volume
193
Issue
6
Pages
2615-2621
ISSN
  • 0022-1767
  • 1550-6606
DOI
10.4049/jimmunol.1400716
PMC
PMC4157312
Cited by
124
References
27
Language
en
Licence
academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)

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