Human Monocyte Subsets Are Transcriptionally and Functionally Altered in Aging in Response to Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonists
Open accessAbstract
Age-related alterations in immunity have been linked to increased incidence of infections and decreased responses to vaccines in the aging population. Human peripheral blood monocytes are known to promote Ag presentation and antiviral activities; however, the impact of aging on monocyte functions remains an open question. We present an in-depth global analysis examining the impact of aging on classical (CD14+CD16−), intermediate (CD14+CD16+), and nonclassical (CD14dimCD16+) monocytes. Monocytes sorted from nonfrail healthy adults (21–40 y) and old (≥65 y) individuals were analyzed after stimulation with TLR4, TLR7/8, and retinoic acid–inducible gene I agonists. Our data showed that under nonstimulated conditions, monocyte subsets did not reveal significant age-related alternations; however, agonist stimulated-monocytes from adults and old subjects did show differences at the transcriptional and functional levels. These alternations in many immune-related transcripts and biological processes resulted in reduced production of IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, CCL20, and CCL8, and higher expression of CX3CR1 in monocytes from old subjects. Our findings represent a comprehensive analysis of the influence of human aging on pattern recognition receptors signaling and monocyte functions, and have implications for strategies to enhance the immune response in the context of infection and immunization.
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Many immune cell subsets become hyporesponsive to acute challenges with age.
“Thus, many immune cell subsets become hyporesponsive to acute challenges as we age17,19-25.”
From SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and the aging immune system (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
In a study by Metcalf et al, the three monocyte populations were isolated and examined separately, and baseline monocytes from young and old donors were found to be similar.
“isolated the three monocyte populations and studied them individually, showing that at baseline, monocytes from young and old people were similar.”
From The impact of ageing on monocytes and macrophages (2021) · cites this paper as [137]
After stimulation with TLR4, TLR7/8 and RIG-I, monocytes from older people produced lower amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IFNα, than those from young people.
“upon stimulation with TLR4, TLR7/8 and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), aged monocytes produced less pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IFNα (137).”
From The impact of ageing on monocytes and macrophages (2021) · cites this paper as [137]
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- Authors
- Metcalf, T. U., Wilkinson, P. A., Cameron, M. J., Ghneim, K., Chiang, C., Wertheimer, A. M., Hiscott, J. B., Nikolich-Zugich, J., & Haddad, E. K.
- Affiliations
- Drexel University (US)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Istituto Pasteur (IT)
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, AZ 85724
- Corresponding author
- Haddad, Elias K
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-08
- Volume
- 199
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1405-1417
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- PMC
- PMC5548610
- OpenAlex
- W2735891807
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 6.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Case Western Reserve University
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHSN272201400055C, HHSN272201100017C)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Keywords
- aging, monocytes, monocyte subsets, pattern recognition receptors, TLR4, TLR7/8, RIG-I, interferon production, CX3CR1, CCL20, CCL8, IL-1β, immunosenescence, vaccine response, infection susceptibility
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Interferons, Male, Middle Aged, Monocytes, Transcription, Genetic, Cytokines, Receptors, IgG, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors, Gene Expression Profiling, Receptors, Pattern Recognition, Toll-Like Receptor 4, Toll-Like Receptor 7, Toll-Like Receptor 8, Young Adult, GPI-Linked Proteins
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