Perceived coercion in persons with mental disorder in India: A cross-sectional study
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BACKGROUND: Little is known about how patients in India perceive coercion in psychiatric care. AIMS: To assess perceived coercion in persons with mental disorder admitted involuntarily and correlate with sociodemographic factors and illness variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We administered the short MacArthur Admission Experience Interview Questionnaire to all consecutive involuntary psychiatric patients admitted in 2014 in Mysore, India. Multivariate linear regression was used. RESULTS: Three hundred and one patients participated. "Perceived coercion" subscale scores increased with female gender, nuclear family status, Muslim and Christian religion, lower income, and depressive disorder. It decreased with former coercion, forensic history, and longer illness duration. Drug use increased total scores; the extended family item decreased them. "Negative pressure" increased with male gender, extended family, lower income, forensic history, and longer illness duration. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows perceived coercion is a reality in India. Levels of perceived coercion and the populations affected are similar to high-income countries.
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Higher perceived coercion was associated with low income in one study.
“but with low income [112]”
From Factors Associated with Perceived Coercion in Adults Receiving Psychiatric Care: A Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [112]
Being Muslim or Christian was associated with increased perceived coercion scores in one Indian study.
“with one Indian study finding that being Muslim or Christian was associated with increased perceived coercion scores [112]”
From Factors Associated with Perceived Coercion in Adults Receiving Psychiatric Care: A Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [112]
Having extended family was associated with lower perceived coercion in two studies.
“Two studies found that having extended family was associated with lower perceived coercion [112,116].”
From Factors Associated with Perceived Coercion in Adults Receiving Psychiatric Care: A Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [112]
One study found that perceived coercion decreased in individuals with a forensic history.
“although one study found that perceived coercion decreased in individuals with a forensic history [112].”
From Factors Associated with Perceived Coercion in Adults Receiving Psychiatric Care: A Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [112]
Another study suggested that prior coercive experiences were linked to lower perceived coercion scores.
“Another study suggested that prior coercive experiences were linked to lower perceived coercion scores [112].”
From Factors Associated with Perceived Coercion in Adults Receiving Psychiatric Care: A Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [112]
While most studies did not find significant associations, ten did report higher levels of perceived coercion among women.
“While most studies did not find significant associations, ten did report higher levels of perceived coercion among women [35,36,45,71,89,94,96,99,112,137].”
From Factors Associated with Perceived Coercion in Adults Receiving Psychiatric Care: A Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [112]
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- Authors
- Raveesh, B., Pathare, S., Lepping, P., Noorthoorn, E., Gowda, G., & Bunders-Aelen, J. G. F.
- Affiliations
- Bangor University (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Indian Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 210
- ISSN
- 0019-5545 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5282618
- OpenAlex
- W2560876018
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 4.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Indian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Keywords
- perceived coercion, involuntary psychiatric admission, involuntary psychiatric patients, psychiatric nursing, sociodemographic factors, depressive disorders, forensic history, disease duration, income, family structure, India
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