PROBIOTICS
Open accessAbstract
The term "probiotic" was first used in 1965, by Lilly and Stillwell, to describe substances secreted by one organism which stimulate the growth of another. The use of antibiotics, immunosuppressive therapy and irradiation, amongst other means of treatment, may cause alterations in the composition and have an effect on the GIT flora. Therefore, the introduction of beneficial bacterial species to GI tract may be a very attractive option to re-establish the microbial equilibrium and prevent disease. Prebiotic is a non-digestible food ingredient that confers benefits on the host by selectively stimulating one bacterium or a group of bacteria in the colon with probiotic properties. Both probiotics and prebiotics are together called as Synbiotics. Various bacterial genera most commonly used in probiotic preparations are Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Escherichia, Enterococcus, Bacillus and Streptococcus . Some fungal strains belonging to Saccharomyces have also been used. Probiotics have been shown to be effective in varied clinical conditions- ranging from infantile diarrhoea, necrotizing enterocolitis, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, relapsing Clostridium difficle colitis, Helicobacter pylori infections, inflammatory bowel disease to cancer, female uro-genital infection and surgical infections. Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG has proven beneficial affects on intestinal immunity. It increases the number of IgA and other immunoglobulins secreting cells in the intestinal mucosa. It also stimulates local release of interferons. It facilitates antigen transport to underlying lymphoid cells, which serves to increase antigen uptake in Peyer's patches. Probiotics are live microorganisms, so it is possible that they may result in infection in the host. The risk and morbidity of sepsis due to probiotic bacteria should be weighed against the potential for sepsis due to more pathological bacteria and the morbidity of diseases for which probiotic bacteria are being used as therapeutic agents. Also, future, well-designed placebo controlled studies with validated results are required for ascertaining the true health benefits of probiotics The important point in this regard is careful selection of the probiotic agent, its dose standardization and a thorough knowledge of its beneficial effects.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Probiotics are often included in dairy products because these foods provide a preferred growth medium for many of these microorganisms.
“Probiotics are often included in dairy products [12], since these foods provide a preferred growth medium for many of these microorganisms.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Dietary Modulation of the Human Colonic Microbiota: Introducing the Concept of Prebiotics
Gibson, G. R., & Roberfroid, M. B. (1995) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/125.6.1401 · Cited by 7,659 · see citing works
Gionchetti, P., Rizzello, F., Venturi, A., Brigidi, P., Matteuzzi, D., Bazzocchi, G., Poggioli, G., Miglioli, M., & Campieri, M. (2000) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2000.9370 · Cited by 1,485 · see citing works
Harmsen, H. J. M., Wildeboer-Veloo, A. C. M., Raangs, G. C., Wagendorp, A. A., Klijn, N., BINDELS, J. G., & Welling, G. W. (2000) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/00005176-200001000-00019 · Cited by 1,326 · see citing works
Probiotics: Growth-Promoting Factors Produced by Microorganisms
Lilly, D. M., & Stillwell, R. H. (1965) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.147.3659.747 · Cited by 1,247 · see citing works
Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function
Madsen, K., Cornish, A. S., Soper, P., McKaigney, C. J., Jijon, H. B., Yachimec, C., Doyle, J. S. G., Jewell, L. D., & Simone, C. D. (2001) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2001.27224 · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
Probiotics: effects on immunity
Isolauri, E., Sütas, Y., Kankaanpää, P., Arvilommi, H. S., & Salminen, S. (2001) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/73.2.444s · Cited by 1,021 · see citing works
Intestinal permeability: an overview
Bjarnason, I., Macpherson, A., & Hollander, D. (1995) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(95)90708-4 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
Potential Uses of Probiotics in Clinical Practice
Reid, G., Jaß, J., Sebulsky, M. T., & McCormick, J. K. (2003) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.16.4.658-672.2003 · Cited by 918 · see citing works
Overview of gut flora and probiotics
Holzapfel, W. H., Haberer, P., Snel, J., Schillinger, U., & Veld, J. H. J. H. I. (1998) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(98)00044-0 · Cited by 887 · see citing works
Martin, H., Richardson, B. A., Nyange, P. M., Lavreys, L., Hillier, S. L., Chohan, B. H., Mandaliya, K. N., Ndinya‐Achola, J. O., Bwayo, J., & Kreiss, J. K. (1999) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/315127 · Cited by 884 · see citing works
The Prolongation of Life: Optimistic Studies
Metchnikoff, É. (2003) · Cited by 883 · see citing works
Grölund, M., Lehtonen, O. ‐., Eerola, E., & Kero, P. O. (1999) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/00005176-199901000-00007 · Cited by 873 · see citing works
Enterococci at the crossroads of food safety?
Franz, C. M. A. P., Holzapfel, W. H., & Stiles, M. E. (1999) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(99)00007-0 · Cited by 734 · see citing works
Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis
D'Souza, A. L., Rajkumar, C., Cooke, J., & Bulpitt, C. J. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7350.1361 · Cited by 664 · see citing works
Oláh, A., Belágyi, T., Issekutz, Á., Gamal, M., & Bengmark, S. (2002) · British Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2168.2002.02189.x · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Rayes, N., Seehofer, D., Hansen, S., Boucsein, K., Müller, A., Serke, S., Bengmark, S., & Neuhaus, P. (2002) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/00007890-200207150-00021 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Lactic acid bacteria, their metabolic products and interference with microbial growth
Vandenbergh, P. A. (1993) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1993.tb00020.x · Cited by 475 · see citing works
SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF RELAPSING CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE COLITIS WITH LACTOBACILLUS GG
Gorbach, S., Chang, T., & Goldin, B. R. (1987) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92646-8 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Oral probiotics can resolve urogenital infections
Reid, G., Bruce, A. W., Fraser, N., Heinemann, C., Owen, J., & Henning, B. (2001) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0928-8244(00)00233-9 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Gupta, P., Andrew, H., Kirschner, B. S., & Guandalini, S. (2000) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/00005176-200010000-00024 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Arvola, T., Laiho, K., Torkkeli, S., Mykkänen, H. M., Salminen, S., Maunula, L., & Isolauri, E. (1999) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.104.5.e64 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea
Bartlett, J. G. (1992) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clind/15.4.573 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of traveler's diarrhea
McFarland, L. V. (2005) · Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2005.10.003 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in prevention of nosocomial diarrhea in infants
Szajewska, H., Kotowska, M., Mrukowicz, J. Z., Armańska, M., & Mikołajczyk, W. (2001) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1067/mpd.2001.111321 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Hoyos, A. B. (1999) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1201-9712(99)90024-3 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Aso, Y., Akaza, H., Kotake, T., Tsukamoto, T., Imai, K., Naito, S., & and the BLP Study Group (1995) · European Urology · doi:10.1159/000475138 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Probiotic agents and infectious diseases: a modern perspective on a traditional therapy
Alvarez-Olmos, M. I., & Oberhelman, R. A. (2001) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/320518 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Decreased gum bleeding and reduced gingivitis by the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri.
Krasse, P., Carlsson, B., Dahl, C., Paulsson, A., Nilsson, Å. L., & Sinkiewicz, G. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Stool microflora in extremely low birthweight infants
Gewolb, I. H., Schwalbe, R. S., Taciak, V. L., Harrison, T. S., & Panigrahi, P. (1999) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/fn.80.3.f167 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Probiotics and prebiotics: can regulating the activities of intestinal bacteria benefit health?
Macfarlane, G. T., & Cummings, J. H. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7189.999 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Human Colonic Microbiota: Ecology, Physiology and Metabolic Potential of Intestinal Bacteria
Macfarlane, G. T., & Macfarlane, S. (1997) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.1997.11720708 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Probiotics and gastrointestinal health
Gorbach, S. L. (2000) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9270(99)00806-0 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Borruel, N., Carol, M., Casellas, F., Antolı́n, M., de Lara, F., Espín, E., Naval, J., Guarner, F., & Malagelada, J. (2002) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.51.5.659 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Malin, M., Suomalainen, H., Saxelin, M., & Isolauri, E. (1996) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000177907 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Probiotics and Prebiotics: Effects on Diarrhea1
de Vrese, M., & Marteau, P. R. (2007) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/137.3.803s · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Use of probiotics for prevention of radiation-induced diarrhea
Delia, P. (2007) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i6.912 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection by lactobacilli in a gnotobiotic murine model.
Kabir, A. M., Aiba, Y., Takagi, A., Kamiya, S., Miwa, T., & Koga, Y. (1997) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.41.1.49 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Cario, E., Brown, D., McKee, M. L., Lynch–Devaney, K., Gerken, G., & Podolsky, D. K. (2002) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64360-x · Cited by 301 · see citing works
The effects of Lactobacillus strains and oat fiber on methotrexate- induced enterocolitis in rats
Mao, Y., Nobaek, S., Kasravi, F. B., Adawi, D., Stenram, U., Molin, G., & Jeppsson, B. W. (1996) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.1996.v111.pm8690198 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Pothoulakis, C., Kelly, C. P., Joshi, M. A., Gao, N., O'Keane, C. J., Castagliuolo, I., & LaMont, J. T. (1993) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(93)90280-p · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Klebanoff, S. J., & Coombs, R. W. (1991) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.174.1.289 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Oral bacteriotherapy for viral gastroenteritis
Isolauri, E., Kaila, M., Mykkänen, H. M., Ling, W. H., & Salminen, S. (1994) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf02087695 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Helicobacter pylori and Probiotics1,
Lesbros-Pantoflickova, D., Corthésy-Theulaz, I. E., & Blum, A. L. (2007) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/137.3.812s · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Probiotic agents to protect the urogenital tract against infection
Reid, G. (2001) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/73.2.437s · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Pouchitis: result of microbial imbalance?
Embden, J. G. R.-V., Schouten, W. R., & van Lieshout, L. M. (1994) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.35.5.658 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Marteau, P., Cuillerier, E., Meance, S., Gerhardt, M. F., Myara, A., Bouvier, M., Bouley, C., Tondu, F., Bommelaer, G., & Grimaud, J. C. (2002) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01188.x · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Estimates of morbidity and mortality rates for diarrheal diseases in American children
Glass, R. I., Lew, J., Gangarosa, R. E., LeBaron, C. W., & Ho, M. (1991) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81422-2 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Binding of mutagenic heterocyclic amines by intestinal and lactic acid bacteria
Orrhage, K., Sillerström, E., Gustafsson, J.-Å., Nord, C. E., & Rafter, J. J. (1994) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/0027-5107(94)90182-1 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Ling, W. H., Korpela, R., Mykkänen, H. M., Salminen, S., & Hänninen, O. (1994) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/124.1.18 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Intestinal Colonization with Enterobacteriaceae in Pakistani and Swedish Hospital‐Delivered Infants
Adlerberth, I., Carlsson, B., de Man, P., Jalil, F., Khan, S. R., Larsson, P., Mellander, L., Svanborg, C., Wold, A. E., & Hanson, L. Å. (1991) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11917.x · Cited by 209 · see citing works
The Importance of Guidelines in the Development and Application of Probiotics
Reid, G. (2005) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612053382395 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Biotherapeutic effects of probiotic bacteria on candidiasis in immunodeficient mice
Wagner, R. D., Pierson, C., WARNER, T. F. C. S., Dohnalek, M. H., Farmer, J., Roberts, L., Hilty, M. D., & Balish, E. (1997) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.65.10.4165-4172.1997 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Use of Probiotics in Childhood Gastrointestinal Disorders
Vanderhoof, J. A., & Young, R. J. (1998) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/00005176-199809000-00011 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Shornikova, A., Isolauri, E., Burkanova, L., Lukovnikova, S., & Vesikari, T. (1997) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08913.x · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Lactobacillus fermentumRC‐14 InhibitsStaphylococcus aureusInfection of Surgical Implants in Rats
Gan, B. S., Kim, J., Reid, G., Cadieux, P. A., & Howard, J. C. (2002) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/340126 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
LactobacillusGG—a human probiotic strain with thorough clinical documentation
Saxelin, M. (1997) · Food Reviews International · doi:10.1080/87559129709541107 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
The Vaginal Microbial Ecosystem and Resistance to HIV
Hillier, S. L. (1998) · AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses · doi:10.1177/088922299801401s05 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Jin, L. Z., Marquardt, R. R., & Zhao, X. (2000) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.66.10.4200-4204.2000 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Lactobacillus GG and acute diarrhoea in young children in the tropics
Pant, A. (1996) · Journal of Tropical Pediatrics · doi:10.1093/tropej/42.3.162 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Effect of feeding on infants' faecal flora.
Simhon, A., Douglas, J. R., Drašar, B. S., & Soothill, J. F. (1982) · PubMed Central · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Saxelin, M., Pessi, T., & Salminen, S. (1995) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/0168-1605(94)00091-j · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Possible Role of Probiotic Supplementation
Caplan, M. S., & Jilling, T. (2000) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/00005176-200003002-00004 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Role of Nutrients and Bacterial Colonization in the Development of Intestinal Host Defense
Walker, W. A. (2000) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/00005176-200003002-00002 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Ouwehand, A. C., & Vesterlund, S. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Augmentation of host resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection by Lactobacillus casei.
Nomoto, K., Miake, S., Hashimoto, S., Yokokura, T., Mutai, M., Yoshikai, Y., & Nomoto, K. (1985) · PubMed · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Simone, C. D., Tzantzoglou, S., Baldinelli, L., Difabio, S., Bianchi-Salvadori, B., Jirillo, E., & Vesely, R. (1988) · Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology · doi:10.3109/08923978809041429 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Intestinal microflora as a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease
Mitsuyama, K., Toyonaga, A., & Sata, M. (2002) · Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/bf03326418 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Colonic involvement in Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Powell, N., Munro, J. M., & Rowbotham, D. S. (2006) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.2005.042952 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Shigeru, K., yumiko, T., Hiroko, T., Shigehiko, M., Haruki, K., & Motoharu, K. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- McGhee JR, Lamm ME, Strober W. Mucosal immune response: An overview. In: Pearay LO, ed. Mucosal immunology. San Diego: Academic press 1999:485-506.
- Gibson GR, Roberfroid MB. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr 1995;125:1401-12.
- Vimala Y, Dileep P. Some aspects of probiotics. Ind. J of Microbiol 2006;46:1-7.
- Mack DR, Michail S, Wei S, McDougall L, Hollingsworth MA. Probiotics inhibit enteropathogenic E. coli adherence in vitro by inducing intestinal mucin gene expression. Am J Physiol 1999;276:G941-50.
- Bartlett JG. Antibiotics associated diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 1992;15:573-81.
- Lesbros-Pantoflickova D, Corthesy-Theulaz I, Blum AL. Helicobacter pylori and probiotics. J Nutr 2007;137:812S-8.
- Gan BS, Kim J, Reid G, Cadieux P, Howard JC. Lactobacillus fermentum RC-14 inhibits Staphylococcus aureus infection of surgical implants in rat. J Infect Dis 2002;185:1369-72.
- De Simone C, Tzantzoglou S, Baldinelli L, Di Fabio S, Bianchi-Salvadori B, Jirillo E, et al. Enahancement of host resistance against Salmonella typhimurium infection by a diet supplemented with yogurt. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 1988;10:399-415.
- Mack DR, Michail S, Wei S, McDougall L, Hollingsworth MA. Probiotics inhibits enteropathogens E. coli adherence in vitro by inducing intestinal mucin gene expression. Am J Physiol 1999;276:G941-50.
- Isolauri E, Sutas Y, Kankaanpaa P, Arvilommi H, Salminen S. Probiotics: Effect on immunity. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:444S-50.
- Gupta, et al.: Probiotics Staying in touch with the journal 1) Table of Contents (TOC) email alert Receive an email alert containing the TOC when a new complete issue of the journal is made available online. To register for TOC alerts go to www.ijmm.org/signup.asp.
- RSS feeds Really Simple Syndication (RSS) helps you to get alerts on new publication right on your desktop without going to the journal's website.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Update of probiotics in human world: A nonstop source of benefactions till the end of time
Zommiti, M., Feuilloley, M. G. J., & Connil, N. (2020) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms8121907 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Magro, D. O., de Oliveira, L. M. R., Bernasconi, I., de Souza Ruela, M., Credidio, L., Barcelos, I. K., Leal, R. F., Ayrizono, M. D. L. S., Fagundes, J. J., Teixeira, L. D. B., et al. (2014) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/1475-2891-13-75 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Cholesterol-lowering effects of Lactobacillus species
Khare, A., & Gaur, S. (2020) · Current Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00284-020-01903-w · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Varesi, A., Campagnoli, L. I. M., Fahmideh, F., Pierella, E., Romeo, M., Ricevuti, G., Nicoletta, M., Chirumbolo, S., & Pascale, A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232012289 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Immune-stimulating effects of lactic acid bacteria <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>
Elmadfa, I., Klein, P., & Meyer, A. L. (2010) · Proceedings of the Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665110001710 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
CORDINA, C., SHAIKH, I., SHRESTHA, S., & CAMILLERI‐BRENNAN, J. (2011) · Journal of Digestive Diseases · doi:10.1111/j.1751-2980.2011.00534.x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Complete genome analysis of Bacillus velezensis TS5 and its potential as a probiotic strain in mice
Chen, B., Zhou, Y., Duan, L., Gong, X., Liu, X., Pan, K., Zeng, D., Ni, X., & Zeng, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1322910 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Chen, L.-J., Tsai, H.-T., Chen, W.-J., Hsieh, C.-Y., Wang, P.-C., Chen, C.-S., Wang, L., & Yang, C.-C. (2012) · Brazilian Journal of Microbiology · doi:10.1590/s1517-83822012000400019 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Jose, N. M., Bunt, C. R., McDowell, A., Chiu, J. Z. S., & Hussain, M. A. (2017) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2017-12912 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Chen, W., Pan, X., Ji, J., Wu, Z., & Lin, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1699223 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gupta, V, & Garg, R.
- Affiliations
- Government Medical College and Hospital (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Gupta, V
- Venue
- Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 202-209
- ISSN
- 0255-0857 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4236427176
- Cited by
- 283
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, gut microbiota, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile colitis, Helicobacter pylori infection, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal immunity, IgA, dose standardization
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Humans, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
