Sebaceous gland lipids
Open accessAbstract
The principal activity of mature sebaceous glands is producing and secreting sebum, which is a complex mixture of lipids. Sebum composition is different among species and this difference is probably due to the function that sebum has to absolve. In human sebum there are unique lipids, such as squalene and wax esters not found anywhere else in the body nor among the epidermal surface lipids. Moreover, they correspond to major components supplying the skin with protection. However, the ultimate role of human sebum, as well the metabolic pathways regulating its composition and secretion rate, are far from a complete understanding. Increased sebum secretion is considered, among all features, the major one involved in the pathophysiology of acne. Along with increased sebum secretion rate, quali- and quantitative modifications of sebum are likely to occur in this pathology. Understanding the factors and mechanisms that regulate sebum production is needed in order to identify new targets that can be addressed to achieve a selective modulation of lipid biosynthesis as a novel therapeutic strategy to correct lipid disregulations in acne and other disorders of the pilosebaceous unit.
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Due to the rapid degradation of linoleic acid in sebaceous cells, stearoyl-CoA Δ-6 desaturase converts palmitic acid (C16:0) into sapienic acid (C16:1Δ6).
“Due to the rapid degradation of linoleic acid in the sebaceous cells, stearoyl-CoA Δ-6 desaturase is able to convert palmitic acid (C16:0) into sapienic acid (C16:1Δ6).3”
From Sebaceous-immunobiology is orchestrated by sebum lipids (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
The supplied Abstract passages state that Δ6 desaturase (identified there as fatty acid desaturase-2) converts palmitic acid to sapienic acid, and that sebocytes preferentially metabolize linoleic acid through β-oxidation. They do not say that linoleic-acid degradation enables or causes that conversion, describe it as rapid, or identify the enzyme as stearoyl-CoA desaturase. No page number is provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDecreased level of vitamin E in acne subjects leads to inflammation and underlines a general importance of lipid peroxidation in the development of acne.
“Furthermore, studies also detected decreased level of vitamin E in acne subjects, which also leads to inflammation and underlines a general importance of lipid peroxidation in the development of acne.3”
From Sebaceous-immunobiology is orchestrated by sebum lipids (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
The passage labeled Abstract reports lower vitamin E levels and more squalene peroxide in acne subjects, and says these findings support a role for lipid peroxidation in acne development. Another passage labeled Abstract reports that squalene peroxide induces inflammatory mediators and that vitamin E helps limit its harmful effects. It does not establish that decreased vitamin E itself leads to inflammation. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredElongation and further desaturation of sapienic acid yields sebaleic acid (18:2Δ5,8).
“The elongation and further desaturation of sapienic acid yields another unique sebaceous gland fatty acid, sebaleic acid (18:2Δ5, 8).3”
From Sebaceous-immunobiology is orchestrated by sebum lipids (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
Sebum is primarily composed of cell debris and nonpolar (neutral) lipids, namely triglycerides, wax esters, squalene, cholesterol and free fatty acids.
“Sebum is primarily composed of cell debris and nonpolar (neutral) lipids, namely triglycerides, wax esters, squalene, cholesterol and free fatty acids.3,4”
From Sebaceous-immunobiology is orchestrated by sebum lipids (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Picardo, M., Ottaviani, M., Camera, E., & Mastrofrancesco, A.
- Affiliations
- San Gallicano Hospital (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Picardo, Mauro
- Venue
- Dermato-Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 68-71
- ISSN
- 1938-1972 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-1980
- PMC
- PMC2835893
- OpenAlex
- W1987764203
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 6.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Dermato-Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- sebaceous glands, sebum, sebum lipids, squalene, wax esters, skin protection, acne, lipogenesis, pilosebaceous unit, lipid dysregulation
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