Childhood Sleep Duration and Quality in Relation to Leptin Concentration in Two Cohort Studies
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STUDY OBJECTIVES: Poor sleep in childhood is associated with increased obesity risk, possibly by affecting appetite-regulating hormones such as leptin. We examined short- and long-term sleep duration and quality in relation to leptin in two US pediatric cohorts. DESIGN: Analysis of data from two prospective cohort studies. SETTING: Population-based. Adolescent polysomnography assessments performed in a clinical research unit. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Children in Project Viva (n = 655) and adolescents in the Cleveland Children's Sleep & Health Study (n = 502). INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: In Project Viva, mothers reported average child sleep duration annually from infancy through age 7, and we measured leptin at ages 3 and 7. In the Cleveland Children's Sleep & Health Study, we collected self-reported sleep duration, polysomnography-derived measures of sleep quality, and fasting leptin at ages 16-19. In sex-stratified linear regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and adiposity, chronic curtailed sleep was associated with lower leptin at age 7 in girls; a one-unit decrease in sleep score was associated with a 0.08 decrease in log leptin (95% CI: 0.01,0.15). The association was stronger in girls with greater adiposity (P = 0.01). Among adolescents, shorter sleep was associated with lower leptin in males; each one-hour decrease in sleep duration was associated with a 0.06 decrease in log leptin (95% CI: 0.00, 0.11). Sleep duration was not associated with leptin at other ages. Sleep quality indices were not associated with leptin. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest possible age-specific sexual dimorphism in the influence of sleep on leptin, which may partly explain inconsistencies in the literature.
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Among children, short sleep is associated with lower leptin concentrations at age 7 in girls and during adolescence in boys.
“Among children, it has been reported that short sleep is associated with lower leptin concentrations at age 7 in girls and during adolescence in boys”
From The effects of sleep disruption on metabolism, hunger, and satiety, and the influence of psychosocial stress and exercise: A narrative review (2024) · cites this paper as [66]
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Jones, B. L., Lundy, B., Stovall, D., Seely, B., Zaugg, K. K., Castro, J., Duraccio, K. M., Jensen, C. D., Austin, T., & Taylor, Z. (2025) · Children · doi:10.3390/children13010032
Aris, I. M., & Oken, E. (2026) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-14256-6_17
Rajendiran, M., Palani, S., & Subramaniyan, V. (2026) · Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators · doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2026.107093
- Authors
- Boeke, C. E., Storfer-Isser, A., Redline, S., & Taveras, E. M.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Statistical Research Consultants, LLC, Schaumburg, IL
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boeke, Caroline E.
- Venue
- Sleep
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-03-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 613-620
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- PMC
- PMC3920328
- OpenAlex
- W2057404853
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 8.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000439)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL07567, HL60957, T32HL007567, R01HL060957)
- National Cancer Institute (T32 CA09001, U54CA116867, T32CA009001)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024989)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- sleep quality, leptin, childhood obesity, sex differences, adolescent sleep, appetite-regulating hormones, Project Viva
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Fasting, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mothers, Obesity, Ohio, Prospective Studies, Sex Characteristics, Sleep, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Polysomnography, Leptin, Adiposity, Young Adult, Self Report
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