Leptin and hunger levels in young healthy adults after one night of sleep loss: Leptin after one night of sleep loss
Open accessAbstract
Short-term sleep curtailment associated with activation of the stress system in healthy, young adults has been shown to be associated with decreased leptin levels, impaired insulin sensitivity, and increased hunger and appetite. To assess the effects of one night of sleep loss in a less stressful environment on hunger, leptin, adiponectin, cortisol and blood pressure/heart rate, and whether a 2-h mid-afternoon nap reverses the changes associated with sleep loss, 21 young healthy individuals (10 men, 11 women) participated in a 7-day sleep deprivation experiment (four consecutive nights followed by one night of sleep loss and two recovery nights). Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to take a mid-afternoon nap (14:00-16:00 hours) the day following the night of total sleep loss. Serial 24-h blood sampling and hunger scales were completed on the fourth (predeprivation) and sixth day (postdeprivation). Leptin levels were significantly increased after one night of total sleep loss, whereas adiponectin, cortisol levels, blood pressure/heart rate, and hunger were not affected. Daytime napping did not influence the effects of sleep loss on leptin, adiponectin, or hunger. Acute sleep loss, in a less stressful environment, influences leptin levels in an opposite manner from that of short-term sleep curtailment associated with activation of the stress system. It appears that sleep loss associated with activation of the stress system but not sleep loss per se may lead to increased hunger and appetite and hormonal changes, which ultimately may lead to increased consumption of 'comfort' food and obesity.
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Another study found no effect of total sleep deprivation but reported reduced 24-hour leptin diurnal amplitude due to higher daytime leptin.
“Conversely, no impact of TSD was evidenced in another recent study that also reported reduced amplitude of the 24-h leptin diurnal variation due to increased daytime leptin levels [126].”
From Sleep and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as [126]
Mean 24-hour plasma cortisol often remains unchanged by sleep deprivation, but circadian cortisol pattern changes.
“Mean 24-h levels of plasma cortisol often remain unchanged by sleep deprivation,43,95,96,99,106,109,123 but the circadian cortisol-pattern changes, as described above.”
From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [99]
Adiponectin levels are similar after partial and total sleep deprivation and sleep fragmentation.
“Adiponectin levels were similar after partial and total sleep deprivation and sleep fragmentation99,121,124”
From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [99]
With ad libitum food, partial or total sleep deprivation may not change hunger ratings but likely increases food intake.
“If food is provided ad libitum, partial or total sleep deprivation may not change hunger ratings, while likely increasing food intake.99,117,120”
From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [99]
The effects of sleep restriction on leptin levels in subsequent studies have been mixed, with some studies reporting an increase and others reporting no significant difference after sleep restriction.
“The effects of sleep restriction on leptin levels in subsequent studies have been mixed, with some studies reporting an increase in leptin [25, 41–45] while others reported no significant difference [33, 46–51] after sleep restriction.”
From Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities (2016) · cites this paper as [44]
Total sleep deprivation of more than 24 hours or partial deprivation of 3-4 hours in bed each night for 1-3 days showed no significant change in morning cortisol levels after sleep deprivation.
“Total sleep deprivation of more than 24 hours [79–81] or partial deprivation of 3–4 hours in bed each night for 1–3 days [34, 44, 82] showed no significant change in morning cortisol levels after sleep deprivation.”
From Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities (2016) · cites this paper as [44]
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- Authors
- PEJOVIC, S., VGONTZAS, A. N., BASTA, M., TSAOUSSOGLOU, M., ZOUMAKIS, E., VGONTZAS, A., BIXLER, E. O., & CHROUSOS, G. P.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Corresponding author
- VGONTZAS, ALEXANDROS N.
- Venue
- Journal of Sleep Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-10-26
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 552-558
- ISSN
- 0962-1105 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3734788
- OpenAlex
- W1545973299
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Sleep Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Pennsylvania
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Public Health Service (R01 64415)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR010732)
- NIH Clinical Center
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- sleep deprivation, leptin, hunger, appetite, adiponectin, cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, daytime napping, obesity, comfort food
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure, Feeding Behavior, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Hunger, Hydrocortisone, Male, Sleep Deprivation, Leptin, Adiponectin, Young Adult
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