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Maternal cortisol is associated with neonatal amygdala microstructure and connectivity in a sexually dimorphic manner

Stoye, David Q, Blesa, Manuel, Sullivan, Gemma, Galdi, Paola, Lamb, Gillian J, Black, Gill S, Quigley, Alan J, Thrippleton, Michael J, Bastin, Mark E, Reynolds, Rebecca M, Boardman, James P·2020·eLife
DOI 10.7554/elife.60729

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Abstract

The mechanisms linking maternal stress in pregnancy with infant neurodevelopment in a sexually dimorphic manner are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, measured by hair cortisol concentration (HCC), is associated with microstructure, structural connectivity, and volume of the infant amygdala. In 78 mother-infant dyads, maternal hair was sampled postnatally, and infants underwent magnetic resonance imaging at term-equivalent age. We found a relationship between maternal HCC and amygdala development that differed according to infant sex. Higher HCC was associated with higher left amygdala fractional anisotropy (β = 0.677, p=0.010), lower left amygdala orientation dispersion index (β = −0.597, p=0.034), and higher fractional anisotropy in connections between the right amygdala and putamen (β = 0.475, p=0.007) in girls compared to boys. Furthermore, altered amygdala microstructure was only observed in boys, with connectivity changes restricted to girls. Maternal cortisol during pregnancy is related to newborn amygdala architecture and connectivity in a sexually dimorphic manner. Given the fundamental role of the amygdala in the emergence of emotion regulation, these findings offer new insights into mechanisms linking maternal health with neuropsychiatric outcomes of children.

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Metadata

Authors
Stoye, D. Q., Blesa, M., Sullivan, G., Galdi, P., Lamb, G. J., Black, G. S., Quigley, A. J., Thrippleton, M. J., Bastin, M. E., Reynolds, R. M., & Boardman, J. P.
Venue
eLife
Publisher
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Published
2020-11-24
Volume
9
ISSN
2050-084X
DOI
10.7554/elife.60729
Cited by
62
References
14
Language
en
Licence
Funders
  • Theirworld
  • Medical Research Council (MRC G1002033)
  • British Heart Foundation (RE/18/5/34216)

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Stoye, D. Q., Blesa, M., Sullivan, G., Galdi, P., Lamb, G. J., Black, G. S., Quigley, A. J., Thrippleton, M. J., Bastin, M. E., Reynolds, R. M., & Boardman, J. P. (2020). Maternal cortisol is associated with neonatal amygdala microstructure and connectivity in a sexually dimorphic manner. eLife. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.60729

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