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A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Phenelzine, Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy, and Their Combination for Social Anxiety Disorder
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Medication and cognitive behavioral treatment are the best-established treatments for social anxiety disorder, yet many individuals remain symptomatic after treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether combined medication and cognitive behavioral treatment is superior to either monotherapy or pill placebo. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Research clinics at Columbia University and Temple University. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty-eight individuals with a primary DSM-IV diagnosis of social anxiety disorder. INTERVENTIONS: Cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT), phenelzine sulfate, pill placebo, and combined CBGT plus phenelzine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale scores at weeks 12 and 24. RESULTS: Linear mixed-effects models showed a specific order of effects, with steepest reductions in Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale scores for the combined group, followed by the monotherapies, and the least reduction in the placebo group (Williams test = 4.97, P < .01). The CGI response rates in the intention-to-treat sample at week 12 were 9 of 27 (33.3%) (placebo), 16 of 34 (47.1%) (CBGT), 19 of 35 (54.3%) (phenelzine), and 23 of 32 (71.9%) (combined treatment) (chi(2)(1) = 8.76, P < .01). Corresponding remission rates (CGI = 1) were 2 of 27 (7.4%), 3 of 34 (8.8%), 8 of 35 (22.9%), and 15 of 32 (46.9%) (chi(2)(1) = 15.92, P < .01). At week 24, response rates were 9 of 27 (33.3%), 18 of 34 (52.9%), 17 of 35 (48.6%), and 25 of 32 (78.1%) (chi(2)(1) = 12.02, P = .001). Remission rates were 4 of 27 (14.8%), 8 of 34 (23.5%), 9 of 35 (25.7%), and 17 of 32 (53.1%) (chi(2)(1) = 10.72, P = .001). CONCLUSION: Combined phenelzine and CBGT treatment is superior to either treatment alone and to placebo on dimensional measures and on rates of response and remission.
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“These numbers are consistent with other reliable change numbers for CBGT (Blanco et al., 2010; Heimberg et al., 1990; Kocovski et al., 2013).”
From Changes in Decentering Across Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder (2018) · cites this paper as Blanco et al., 2010
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In vivo exposures for conditions such as social phobia (Blanco et al., 2010), imaginal exposures for conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (Cloitre et al., 2002; Foa, 2011), and interoceptive exposures for conditions such as panic disorder (Craske & Barlow, 2008) have demonstrated extensive efficacy.”
From United we stand: emphasizing commonalities across cognitive-behavioral therapies. (2013) · cites this paper as Blanco et al., 2010
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“and studies for SAD show greater effects of combined treatment relative to pharmacotherapy alone (e.g., d = 1.05 vs. 0.60 on the LSAS, respectively; Blanco et al., 2010).”
From An Integrated, Acceptance-Based Behavioral Approach for Depression With Social Anxiety: Preliminary Results (2014) · cites this paper as Blanco et al., 2010
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“however, research also demonstrates that CBT typically has limited impact on functional domains, including occupational functioning (Blanco et al., 2010).”
From Work-Related Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for racially and economically diverse unemployed persons with social anxiety: A randomized clinical trial (2024) · cites this paper as Blanco et al., 2010
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“Both treatments are well documented [17, 24, 75] and have been implemented in scientific research before in treatment studies for GCBT (e.g. [76–79]) and individual and group ST (e.g. [19, 43, 80, 81]).”
In the citing paper
“Not only does PT cause side effects, but also between 20 and 50% of patients have either a contra-indication or don’t respond to PT (Lydiard et al., 1996; Davidson et al., 2004; Blanco et al., 2010; Hyman, 2010).”
From The Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as Blanco et al., 2010
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ResultPredicting treatment response in social anxiety disorder from functional magnetic resonance imaging.
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Self-citationBrain connectomics predict response to treatment in social anxiety disorder
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BackgroundSelf-citationHedman, E., Andersson, E., Ljótsson, B., Andersson, G., Rück, C., & Lindefors, N. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.07.009 · Cited by 183
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Treatment-refractory anxiety; definition, risk factors, and treatment challenges
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“There are four studies that have assessed treatment response in direct comparisons of psychological treatment with combined medication-psychological treatments in social phobia (two SSRI studies, 33,39 two monoamine oxidase inhibitor studies 98,99 Figure 8).”
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“Five placebo-controlled studies have demonstrated the efficacy of sertraline (Blomhoff et al. 2001; Katzelnick et al. 1995; Liebowitz et al. 2003; van Ameringen et al. 2001; Walker et al. 2000). Furthermore, sertraline is more effective than placebo in preventing relapse (Walker et al. 2000). A recent reanalysis of th…”
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Self-citationEfficacy of group psychotherapy for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Barkowski, S., Schwartze, D., Strauss, B., Burlingame, G. M., & Rosendahl, J. (2020) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2020.1729440 · Cited by 95
“Qualitative examination of the allegiance found effect sizes of g=−0.31 (SE = 0.22; Otto et al., 2000) and g= −0.42 (SE= 0.18; Blanco et al., 2010) for studies favoring group treatment over pharmacotherapy and an effect size of g= 0.37 (SE = 0.24; Anderson et al., 2013) for the study favoring…”
BackgroundInfluentialAn update on amine oxidase inhibitors: Multifaceted drugs
Song, M.-S., Matveychuk, D., MacKenzie, E. M., Duchcherer, M., Mousseau, D. D., & Baker, G. B. (2013) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.02.001 · Cited by 90
“…prescribed as widely as other antidepressants (Shulman et al., 2009), but they continue to hold an important niche in the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders (Blanco et al., 2010; Bortolato et al., 2008; Holt et al., 2004; Kennedy et al., 2009; Muller et al., 2005; Stewart, 2007).”
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“…paroxetine conducted at the AACT (n = 48) and at the NYSPI (n = 92), a study of the efficacy of phenelzine and group CBT singly and in combination (Blanco et al., 2010) conducted at the AACT (n = 38) and at the NYSPI (because of clerical error, these participants’ data were not included in the…”
MethodSelf-citationPharmacotherapy for social anxiety disorder (SAnD)
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“The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in the four maintenance processes mediate clinical improvement in ICT and CBGT for SAD.”
BackgroundInfluentialHedman, E., El Alaoui, S., Lindefors, N., Andersson, E., Rück, C., Ghaderi, A., Kaldo, V., Lekander, M., Andersson, G., & Ljótsson, B. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.010 · Cited by 79
“Cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of SAD in at least 12 randomized controlled trials (e.g. Blanco et al., 2010; Heimberg et al., 1990).”
MethodSocial anxiety is associated with BNST response to unpredictability
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“Approximately half of the individuals with anxiety disorders either fail to respond to treatment, only partially respond, or relapse (Blanco et al., 2010; Craske et al., 2015; Ginsburg et al., 2014).”
BackgroundThe Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abbing, A., Baars, E. W., de Sonneville, L., Ponstein, A. S., & Swaab, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01203 · Cited by 73
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Augmentation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with Pharmacotherapy
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“Of particular relevance to the current investigation is that while the primary benefits of CBT for SAD involve reductions in social anxiety symptoms, occupational and other functional targets are often left in need of further improvement (Blanco et al., 2010).”
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“Thus, a recent exception notwithstanding (Blanco et al. 2010), CBT alone, rather than medication or combined treatment, appears to represent the most efficacious intervention for anxiety disorders over the long term.”
Virtual reality exposure using three-dimensional images for the treatment of social phobia
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“Furthermore, standard treatments for SAD using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy improve clinical symptoms only to a moderate degree and a large proportion of SAD patients continue to suffer (Blanco et al., 2010; Davidson et al., 2004; Heimberg et al., 1998).”
BackgroundMenatti, A. R., Weeks, J. W., Carleton, R. N., Morrison, A. S., Heimberg, R. G., Hope, D. A., Blanco, C., Schneier, F. R., & Liebowitz, M. R. (2015) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.03.003 · Cited by 60
Self-citationCognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder: the state of the science
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Self-citationPsychological Group-Treatments of Social Anxiety Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
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Self-citationDepersonalization/derealization during acute social stress in social phobia
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“Indeed, treatment non-response rates in large clinical trials have been 50% or higher (Davidson et al., 2004), and most individuals do not achieve remission (Blanco et al., 2010; Davidson et al., 2004).”
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“45 In line with the present findings, the combination of SSRI and CBT has shown positive effects in other anxiety and mood disorders in adults 15 and in adolescents.”
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Self-citationManaging Social Anxiety, Therapist Guide
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Self-citationPharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder
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“A subsequent study at the same sites compared the combination of CBT + phenelzine to monotherapy with CBT, phenelzine, or placebo in 128 patients with SAD [72].”
ResultSelf-citationThe effects of art therapy interventions on anxiety in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis
Zhang, B., Wang, J., & Abdullah, A. B. (2024) · Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100404 · Cited by 76
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“Both treatments are well documented [17, 24, 75] and have been implemented in scientific research before in treatment studies for GCBT (e.g. [76 – 79]) and individual and group ST (e.g. [19, 43, 80, 81]).”
Himle, J. A., Weaver, A., Bybee, D. I., O’Donnell, L. A., Vlnka, S., Laviolette, W. T., Steinberger, E., Golenberg, Z., & Levine, D. S. (2014) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201300201 · Cited by 34
“For example, psychosocial treatment is effective for social anxiety symptoms (5,20), but it is often less effective for occupational and other functional deficits associated with the disorder (18,19).”
BackgroundImmersive 3D exposure-based treatment for spider fear: A randomized controlled trial
Minns, S. A., Levihn‐Coon, A., Carl, E., Smits, J. A. J., Miller, W., Howard, D., Papini, S., Quiroz, S., Lee-Furman, E., Telch, M. J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.12.003 · Cited by 34
Immersive 3D exposure-based treatment for spider fear: a randomized controlled trial
Minns, S., Levihn-Coon, A., Carl, E., Smits, J. A. J., Miller, W., Howard, D., Papini, S., Quiroz, S., Lee-Furman, E., Telch, M., et al. (2018) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.05.006 · Cited by 31
Changes in Decentering Across Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder
Hayes-Skelton, S. A., & Lee, C. S. (2018) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.01.005 · Cited by 28
Hofmann, S. G., Kasch, C., & Reis, A. (2025) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102553 · Cited by 27
Simpson, H. B., Neria, Y., Lewis‐Fernández, R., & Schneier, F. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511777578.004 · Cited by 28
Self-citationA 2010 Evidence-Based Algorithm for the Pharmacotherapy of Social Anxiety Disorder
Stein, D. J., Baldwin, D. S., Bandelow, B., Blanco, C., Fontenelle, L. F., Lee, S., Matsunaga, H., Osser, D. N., Stein, M. B., & Ameringen, M. V. (2010) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-010-0140-8 · Cited by 25
“Second, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy may be a useful alternative or adjunct to pharmacotherapy (and vice versa) [ 18 ].”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe South African Society of Psychiatrists (SASOP) Treatment Guidlelines for Psychiatric Disorders
Emsley, R. A., Flisher, A. J., Grobler, G. P., Seedat, S., & Szabo, C. P. (2013) · South African Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v19i3.942 · Cited by 25
Pregabalin for the treatment of social anxiety disorder
Kawalec, P., Cierniak, A., Pilc, A., & Nowak, G. (2014) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1517/13543784.2014.979283 · Cited by 24
“Another alternative in the treatment of SAD is the use of phenelzine (15 -- 90 mg/d) [22] or another irreversible MAOI.”
BackgroundResultStatus Update on Social Anxiety Disorder
McGinn, L. K., & Newman, M. G. (2013) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2013.6.2.88 · Cited by 30
“One study found a significant advantage of combining CBT with MAOIs (Blanco et al., 2010) over CBT alone whereas another study found that CBT was superior to combined treatment (Prasko et al.”
ResultRecent advances in the psychosocial treatment of social anxiety disorder
Hofmann, S. G. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20771 · Cited by 23
Dalrymple, K. L., Morgan, T. A., Lipschitz, J. M., Martinez, J. H., Tepe, E., & Zimmerman, M. (2014) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445513518422 · Cited by 22
“…to pharmacotherapy alone (with the highest odds ratio of 2.36 after 4 months of treatment; Oestergaard & Møldrup, 2011), and studies for SAD show greater effects of combined treatment relative to pharmacotherapy alone (e.g., d = 1.05 vs. 0.60 on the LSAS, respectively; Blanco et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialUpdate on the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for social anxiety disorder: a meta-analysis
Davis, M. L., Smits, J. A. J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2014) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2014.955472 · Cited by 21
“Medication class Medication Study Hedges’s g SE 95% CI low 95% CI high Z p Anticonvulsant Gabapentin Pande et al. (1999) [52] 0.53 0.24 0.05 1.00 2.18 0.03 Pregabalin (150 mg) Pande et al. (2004) [53] -0.09 0.21 -0.50 0.33 -0.42 0.67 Pregabalin (600 mg) Pande et al. (2004) [53] 0.17 0.21 -0.23 0.58 0.84 0.40 Pooled pr…”
InfluentialAbeditehrani, H., Dijk, C., Toghchi, M. S., & Arntz, A. R. (2020) · Clinical Psychology in Europe · doi:10.32872/cpe.v2i1.2693 · Cited by 21
“The current study showed a high effect size on the LSAS (pre-post effect size Hedges’ g = 1.93) in comparison to the pre-post effect sizes of other studies using Heimberg’s CBGT on the LSAS (Blanco et al., 2010, g = 0.56; Bjornsson et al., 2011, g = 0.61; Hayes-Skelton and Lee, 2018, g = 0.82; Hedman et al., 2011, g =…”
Influentialdos Santos, L. F., Loureiro, S. R., Crippa, J. A. S., & Osório, F. D. L. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0070235 · Cited by 20
Alaoui, S. E., Hedman‐Lagerlöf, E., Ljótsson, B., & Lindefors, N. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017053 · Cited by 22
The efficacy of psychotherapy for social anxiety disorder, a systematic review and meta-analysis
de Ponti, N., Matbouriahi, M., Franco, P., Harrer, M., Miguel, C., Papola, D., Sicimoğlu, A., Cuijpers, P. J., & Karyotaki, E. (2024) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102881 · Cited by 30
Issues and controversies surrounding the diagnosis and treatment of social anxiety disorder
Dalrymple, K. L. (2012) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.12.81 · Cited by 21
Arnfred, B. T., Bang, P., Hjorthøj, C. R., Winding, C., Moeller, K. S., Hvenegaard, M., Agerskov, L., Gausbøl, U. K., Soe, D., Wiborg, P., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051147 · Cited by 21
Diretrizes da Associação Médica Brasileira para o tratamento do transtorno de ansiedade social
Levitan, M. N., Chagas, M. H. N., Crippa, J. A. S., Manfro, G. G., Hetem, L. A. B., de Andrada, N. C., Salum, G. A., Isolan, L., Ferrari, M. C. F., & Nardi, A. E. (2011) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/s1516-44462011000300014 · Cited by 19
Correction: Psychological Group-Treatments of Social Anxiety Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Wersebe, H., Sijbrandij, M., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/annotation/5f2f7ff4-ecfd-4a41-a162-34c1dd0c962a · Cited by 17
Parrish, C., Waldbaum, B., Coleman, D., Blevins, C., Rodgers, K., Lee, B., Ober, C., Hudhud, L., Cox, S. E., Griffin, C., et al. (2020) · Lasers in Surgery and Medicine · doi:10.1002/lsm.23229 · Cited by 16
Advances in the management of treatment-resistant anxiety disorders
Lanouette, N. M., & Stein, M. B. (2010) · Focus · doi:10.1176/foc.8.4.foc501 · Cited by 15
Bernik, M., Corregiari, F., Savoia, M. G., Barros Neto, T. P. D., Pinheiro, C., & Neto, F. L. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205809 · Cited by 16
Huang, W. M., Luan, T., Li, L., Zhang, A., Mu, Y., Sun, Y., Huang, K., Qin, R., Liu, W., & Guo, H. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.70003 · Cited by 24
Yoshinaga, N., Niitsu, T., Hanaoka, H., Sato, Y., Oshima, F., Matsuki, S., Kobori, O., Nakazato, M., Nakagawa, A., Iyo, M., et al. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002242 · Cited by 16
“Eligibility procedure for participation and diagnosis All patients will be evaluated by a psychiatrist and a study investigator using the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I Disorders (SCID-I)54 and SCID-II.55 Treatment history will be confirmed by the prescribing clinician and by chart review.”
MethodTreatment in Nonresponsive Patients With Social Anxiety: Back to the Future With Benzodiazepines
Roy‐Byrne, P. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13101304 · Cited by 15
“” Combining medication with psychotherapy in social anxiety disorder produces better outcomes than either treatment alone (11), suggesting that future second-step treatment studies should test how adjunctive use of additional medication compares with adding psychotherapy.”
BackgroundSocial anxiety and work: a qualitative investigation in a low-income, minority sample
Himle, J. A., Weaver, A., Levine, D. S., Steinberger, E., Bybee, D., Vlnka, S., Miller, R., Laviolette, W. T., & Nicoll, K. L. (2020) · Social Work in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15332985.2020.1742850 · Cited by 13
“Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), is the best-practice, researchsupported psychosocial treatment for SAD, with superior outcomes over numerous control conditions (Blanco et al., 2010; Norton & Price, 2007).”
BackgroundWolitzky-Taylor, K. B., Wen, A., Freimer, N. B., & Craske, M. G. (2025) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-025-02174-4 · Cited by 20
Evidence-based pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder
Blanco, C., Bragdon, L. B., Schneier, F. R., & Liebowitz, M. R. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511910395.007 · Cited by 13
Self-citationExposure Therapy: Promoting Emotional Processing of Pathological Anxiety
Zalta, A. K., & Foa, E. B. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118470886.ch4 · Cited by 15
Katzman, M. A., Bleau, P., Blier, P., Chokka, P. R., Kjernisted, K. D., & Ameringen, M. V. (2021) · doi:10.32920/14638581 · Cited by 13
Johnson, S. B., & Anderson, P. L. (2016) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2016.1138289 · Cited by 14
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder
Hedman‐Lagerlöf, E., Botella, C., & Berger, T. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06083-5_4 · Cited by 13
Fostering adolescent engagement in generative AI art therapy: a dual SEM-ANN analysis of emotional
Peng, X., Qian, Y. H., & Bao, Q. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1628471 · Cited by 11
Patient Extratherapeutic Interpersonal Problems and Response to Psychotherapy for Depression
Chen, C. K., Nehrig, N., Chou, L. J., McGowan, R., Guyton, A. F., Mustafiz, F., & Bailey, R. W. (2019) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20190005 · Cited by 11
State mental health insurance parity laws and college educational outcomes
Solomon, K. T., & Dasgupta, K. (2022) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102675 · Cited by 12
“The efficacy of psychosocial treatment or combined medicated-assisted and psychosocial treatments for improving mental health among individuals with anxiety is established (Roemer et al., 2008; Hofmann and Smits, 2008; Vøllestad et al., 2011; Blanco et al., 2010).”
BackgroundDelsignore, A., Rufer, M., Emmerich, J., Weidt, S., Brühl, A. B., & Moergeli, H. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.038 · Cited by 9
“CBGT is an effective treatment for patients with SAD (Blanco et al., 2010; Wersebe et al., 2013).”
BackgroundBrozovich, F. A., & Heimberg, R. G. (2011) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2010.07.003 · Cited by 9
“A recently published trial suggests that the combination of phenelzine and CBGT may be more effective than the component treatments (Blanco et al., 2010), although other studies of concurrent combinations of CBT and pharmacotherapy treatment have been equivocal (e.g., Davidson et al., 2004; see…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe myth of the superiority of concurrent combined treatments for anxiety disorders.
Pontoski, K. E., & Heimberg, R. G. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2010.01200.x · Cited by 9
Self-citationHimle, J. A., LeBeau, R. T., Weaver, A., Brydon, D. M., Bybee, D., Kilbourne, A. M., Rose, R. D., Tucker, K. M., Kim, R., Perez, M., et al. (2019) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100464 · Cited by 8
“Although CBT is effective in reducing symptoms, functional impairments, such as employment problems, often remain a challenge after treatment [13].”
Ong, C. W., Skolnik, A. M., Johnson, H. M., Krafft, J., Loew, S., Kurtz, A., & Lee, E. B. (2024) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102446 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Blanco, C., Heimberg, R. G., Schneier, F. R., Fresco, D. M., Chen, H., Turk, C. L., Vermes, D., Erwin, B. A., Schmidt, A. B., Juster, H. R., Campeas, R., & Liebowitz, M. R.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Temple University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2010-03-01
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 286
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2856667
- OpenAlex
- W1990056753
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 26.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R10MH057148, MH44119, MH57148, R01MH044119)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA023200, K02DA023200)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000349, RR-00349)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, phenelzine, group cognitive behavioral therapy, combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, trazodone, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antidepressant augmentation, treatment response and remission, placebo response, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Clinical Global Impression Scale, treatment tolerability, treatment acceptability
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, Phenelzine, Phobic Disorders, Placebos, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Psychotherapy, Group, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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