Neuroprotective Effects of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy Against Gray Matter Loss in Early Schizophrenia: Results From a 2-Year Randomized Controlled Trial
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Cognitive rehabilitation has shown efficacy in improving cognition in patients with schizophrenia but the underlying neurobiologic changes that occur during these treatments and support cognitive improvement are not well known. OBJECTIVE: To examine differential changes in brain morphology in early course schizophrenia during cognitive rehabilitation vs supportive therapy. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: An outpatient research clinic at a university-based medical center that provides comprehensive care services for patients with severe mental illness. PATIENTS: A total of 53 symptomatically stable but cognitively disabled outpatients in the early course of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. INTERVENTIONS: A 2-year trial with annual structural magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive assessments. Cognitive enhancement therapy is an integrated approach to the remediation of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia that uses computer-assisted neurocognitive training and group-based social-cognitive exercises. Enriched supportive therapy is an illness management approach that provides psychoeducation and teaches applied coping strategies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Broad areas of frontal and temporal gray matter change were analyzed with longitudinal, voxel-based morphometry methods using mixed-effects models followed by volumetric analyses of regions that demonstrated significant differential changes between treatment groups. RESULTS: Patients who received cognitive enhancement therapy demonstrated significantly greater preservation of gray matter volume over 2 years in the left hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus, and significantly greater gray matter increases in the left amygdala (all corrected P < .04) compared with those who received enriched supportive therapy. Less gray matter loss in the left parahippocampal and fusiform gyrus and greater gray matter increases in the left amygdala were significantly related to improved cognition and mediated the beneficial cognitive effects of cognitive enhancement therapy. CONCLUSION: Cognitive enhancement therapy may offer neurobiologic protective and enhancing effects in early schizophrenia that are associated with improved long-term cognitive outcomes.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In some studies of behavioral interventions, younger people with schizophrenia and those early in the course of illness appeared to benefit more from cognitive remediation than older people.
“In some studies of behavioral interventions not reviewed comprehensively in this report, younger people with schizophrenia and those early in the course of illness appeared to benefit more from cognitive remediation than older people.63–65”
From Clinical trials of potential cognitive-enhancing drugs in schizophrenia: what have we learned so far? (2013) · cites this paper as [64]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,542 · see citing works
Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the <i>EM</i> Algorithm
Dempster, A. P., Laird, N. M., & Rubin, D. B. (1977) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x · Cited by 50,444 · see citing works
Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods.
Longford, N. T., Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1993) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2075823 · Cited by 18,768 · see citing works
Tzourio-Mazoyer, N., Landeau, B., Papathanassiou, D., Crivello, F., Etard, O., Delcroix, N., Mazoyer, B., & Joliot, M. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0978 · Cited by 16,319 · see citing works
Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.02.018 · Cited by 7,507 · see citing works
Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study
Giedd, J. N., Blumenthal, J., Jeffries, N. O., Castellanos, F. X., Liu, H., Zijdenbos, A., Paus, T., Evans, A. C., & Rapoport, J. L. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/13158 · Cited by 5,552 · see citing works
Maldjian, J. A., Laurienti, P. J., Kraft, R., & Burdette, J. H. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00169-1 · Cited by 5,066 · see citing works
A sharper Bonferroni procedure for multiple tests of significance
HOCHBERG, Y. (1988) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/75.4.800 · Cited by 4,829 · see citing works
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Braff, D. L., & Mintz, J. (2000) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033430 · Cited by 2,999 · see citing works
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Manual – Revised and Expanded
Heaton, R. K., Chelune, C., Talley, J., Kay, G., & Curtiss, G. (1981) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,975 · see citing works
Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia: A quantitative review of the evidence.
Heinrichs, R. W., & Zakzanis, K. K. (1998) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037//0894-4105.12.3.426 · Cited by 2,791 · see citing works
Mediators and Moderators of Treatment Effects in Randomized Clinical Trials
Kraemer, H. C., Wilson, G. T., Fairburn, C. G., & Agras, W. S. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.10.877 · Cited by 2,562 · see citing works
The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: test selection, reliability, and validity
Nuechterlein, K. H., Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Baade, L. E., Barch, D. M., Cohen, J. D., Essock, S., Fenton, W. S., Frese, F. J., Gold, J. M., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07010042 · Cited by 2,342 · see citing works
CORTICAL PLASTICITY: From Synapses to Maps
Buonomano, D. V., & Merzenich, M. M. (1998) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.149 · Cited by 2,083 · see citing works
Physiologic Dysfunction of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia
Weinberger, D. R. (1986) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800020020004 · Cited by 2,019 · see citing works
Measuring emotional intelligence with the MSCEIT V2.0.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., Caruso, D. R., & Sitarenios, G. (2003) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.3.1.97 · Cited by 1,737 · see citing works
Relational schemas and the processing of social information.
Baldwin, M. W. (1992) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.3.461 · Cited by 1,681 · see citing works
Gueorguieva, R., & Krystal, J. H. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.3.310 · Cited by 1,529 · see citing works
Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: implications for MATRICS
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., & Heaton, R. K. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.09.009 · Cited by 1,422 · see citing works
Distribution of the product confidence limits for the indirect effect: Program PRODCLIN
MacKinnon, D. P., Fritz, M. S., Williams, J. G., & Lockwood, C. M. (2007) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03193007 · Cited by 1,328 · see citing works
The Functional Significance of Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Review
Couture, S. M. (2006) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl029 · Cited by 1,279 · see citing works
A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia
McGurk, S. R., Twamley, E. W., Sitzer, D. I., McHugo, G. J., & Mueser, K. T. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07060906 · Cited by 1,214 · see citing works
Keefe, R. S. E. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.6.633 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Green, M. F., Nuechterlein, K. H., Gold, J. M., Barch, D. M., Cohen, J., Essock, S., Fenton, W. S., Frese, F., Goldberg, T. E., Heaton, R. K., et al. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.023 · Cited by 919 · see citing works
Temple, E., Deutsch, G. K., Poldrack, R. A., Miller, S. L., Tallal, P., Merzenich, M. M., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0030098100 · Cited by 796 · see citing works
Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery
(2012) · SpringerReference · doi:10.1007/springerreference_180120 · Cited by 754 · see citing works
Prefrontal neurons and the genetics of schizophrenia
Weinberger, D. R., Egan, M. F., Bertolino, A., Callicott, J. H., Mattay, V. S., Lipska, B. K., Berman, K. F., & Goldberg, T. E. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01252-5 · Cited by 744 · see citing works
Relation of Prefrontal Cortex Dysfunction to Working Memory and Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Perlstein, W. M., Carter, C. S., Noll, D. C., & Cohen, J. D. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.7.1105 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Buchanan, R. W., & Heinrichs, D. W. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90148-0 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Social cognition in schizophrenia.
Penn, D. L., Corrigan, P. W., Bentall, R. P., Racenstein, J. M., & Newman, L. S. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.121.1.114 · Cited by 572 · see citing works
Changes in cortical dopamine D1 receptor binding associated with cognitive training
McNab, F., Varrone, A., Farde, L., Jucaite, A., Bystritsky, P., Forssberg, H., & Klingberg, T. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1166102 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Cognitive Enhancement Therapy for Schizophrenia
Hogarty, G. E., Flesher, S., Ulrich, R. F., Carter, M., Greenwald, D. P., Pogue‐Geile, M. F., Kechavan, M., Cooley, S., DiBarry, A. L., Garrett, A., et al. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.9.866 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Self-citationImplications for the Neural Basis of Social Cognition for the Study of Schizophrenia
Pinkham, A. E., Penn, D. L., Perkins, D. O., & Lieberman, J. A. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.5.815 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Compromised White Matter Tract Integrity in Schizophrenia Inferred From Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Lim, K. O., Hedehus, M., Moseley, M. E., de Crespigny, A. J., Sullivan, E. V., & Pfefferbaum, A. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.4.367 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
DTI and MTR abnormalities in schizophrenia: Analysis of white matter integrity
Kubicki, M. R., Park, H., Westin, C., Nestor, P. G., Mulkern, R. V., Maier, S. E., Niznikiewicz, M. A., Connor, E. E., Levitt, J. J., Frumin, M., et al. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.03.026 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
The relationship between brain structure and neurocognition in schizophrenia: a selective review
Antonova, E., Sharma, T., Morris, R. G., & Kumari, V. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2003.12.002 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Neurocognitive Enhancement Therapy With Work Therapy
Bell, M. D., BRYSON, G. J., Greig, T. C., Corcoran, C., & Wexler, B. E. (2001) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.8.763 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Kerns, J. G., Cohen, J. D., MacDonald, A. W., Johnson, M. K., Stenger, V. A., Aizenstein, H., & Carter, C. S. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1833 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Carter, C., & Barch, D. (2007) · Schizophrenia bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm081 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Swartz, M. S., Perkins, D. O., Stroup, T. S., Thomas, S., Capuano, G. A., Rosenheck, R. A., Reimherr, F. W., McGee, M., Keefe, R. S. E., McEvoy, J. P., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.3.428 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Eack, S. M., Greenwald, D. P., Hogarty, S. S., Cooley, S., DiBarry, A. L., Montrose, D. M., & Keshavan, M. S. (2009) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.60.11.1468 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Self-citationEack, S. M., Greenwald, D. P., Hogarty, S. S., Cooley, S. J., DiBarry, A. L., Montrose, D. M., & Keshavan, M. S. (2009) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.2009.60.11.1468 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects on the brain of a psychological treatment: Cognitive remediation therapy
Wykes, T., Brammer, M. J., Mellers, J. D. C., Bray, P., Reeder, C., Williams, C., & Corner, J. (2002) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1017/s0007125000161872 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Is Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor a Biomarker for Cognitive Enhancement in Schizophrenia?
Vinogradov, S., Fisher, M., Holland, C. M., Shelly, W. B., Wolkowitz, O. M., & Mellon, S. H. (2009) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.02.017 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Last observation carried forward versus mixed models in the analysis of psychiatric clinical trials.
Hamer, R. M., & Simpson, P. M. (2009) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09040458 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Brain maturational processes and delayed onset in schizophrenia
Keshavan, M. S., & Hogarty, G. E. (1999) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579499002199 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Self-citationDeLisi, L. E. (2007) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm164 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Cognitive Remediation and Vocational Rehabilitation for Schizophrenia
Wexler, B. E. (2005) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi038 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Wexler, B. E., Anderson, M., Fulbright, R. K., & Gore, J. C. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.10.1694 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
The Tower of LondonDX: A Standardized Approach to Assessing Executive Functioning in Children
Culbertson, W. C., & Zillmer, E. A. (1998) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/13.3.285 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Eack, S. M., Greeno, C. G., Pogue‐Geile, M. F., Newhill, C. E., Hogarty, G. E., & Keshavan, M. S. (2008) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn091 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationSanfilipo, M. P., Lafargue, T., Rusinek, H., Arena, L., Loneragan, C., Lautin, A., Rotrosen, J., & Wolkin, A. (2002) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(02)00046-x · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Prefrontal–thalamic–cerebellar gray matter networks and executive functioning in schizophrenia
Rüsch, N., Spoletini, I., Wilke, M., Bria, P., Paola, M. D., Iulio, F. D., Martinotti, G., Caltagirone, C., & Spalletta, G. (2007) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.01.029 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Social Cognition and Neurocognition: Effects of Risperidone, Olanzapine, and Haloperidol
Sergi, M. J., Green, M. F., Widmark, C., Reist, C., Erhart, S. M., BRAFF, D. L., Kee, K. S., Marder, S. R., & Mintz, J. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06091515 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Durability and Mechanism of Effects of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy
Hogarty, G. E., Greenwald, D. P., & Eack, S. M. (2006) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.2006.57.12.1751 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationEack, S. M., Hogarty, G. E., Greenwald, D. P., Hogarty, S. S., & Keshavan, M. S. (2006) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.08.018 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationBosia, M., Bechi, M., Marino, E., Anselmetti, S., Poletti, S., Cocchi, F., Smeraldi, E., & Cavallaro, R. (2007) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2007.02.076 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Cognition in Young Schizophrenia Outpatients: Comparison of First-Episode With Multiepisode Patients
Braw, Y., Bloch, Y., Mendelovic, S., RATZONI, G., Gal, G., Harari, H., Tripto, A., & Levkovitz, Y. (2007) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm115 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Personal Therapy for Schizophrenia and Related Disorders: A Guide to Individualized Treatment
Hogarty, G. E. (2002) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroanatomical substrates of foresight in schizophrenia
Eack, S. M., George, M. M., Prasad, K. M. R., & Keshavan, M. S. (2008) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2008.05.012 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- [34]First MB Spitzer RL Gibbon M Williams JBW Structured Clinical Interview For DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition New York Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute 2002
- [35]Ben-Yishay Y Piasetsky EB Rattok J A systematic method for ameliorating disorders in basic attention Meir MJ Benton AL Diller L Neuropsychological rehabilitation 165 181 New York Guilford Press 1985
- [53]Selman RL Schultz LH Making a Friend in Youth Chicago, IL University of Chicago Press 1990
- [54]Wyer RS Srull TK Handbook of social cognition. Vol. 1: Basic Processes Hillside, NJ Lawrence Earlbaum Association 1994
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Harnessing neuroplasticity for clinical applications
Cramer, S. C., Sur, M., Dobkin, B. H., O'Brien, C., Sanger, T. D., Trojanowski, J. Q., Rumsey, J. M., Hicks, R., Cameron, J., Chen, D., et al. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awr039 · Cited by 1,259 · see citing works
Cognitive Functioning in Prodromal Psychosis: A Meta-analysis
Fusar-Poli, P., Deste, G., Smieskova, R., Barlati, S., Yung, A. R., Howes, O., Stieglitz, R.-D., Vita, A., McGuire, P., & Borgwardt, S. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1592 · Cited by 691 · see citing works
Cognitive-behavioral therapy increases prefrontal cortex gray matter in patients with chronic pain
Seminowicz, D. A., Shpaner, M., Keaser, M. L., Krauthamer, G. M., Mantegna, J., Dumas, J. A., Newhouse, P. A., Filippi, C. G., Keefe, F. J., & Naylor, M. R. (2013) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2013.07.020 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
GABAergic mechanisms of hippocampal hyperactivity in schizophrenia
Heckers, S., & Konradi, C. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.09.041 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Schizophrenia--Time to Commit to Policy Change
Fleischhacker, W. W., Arango, C., Arteel, P., Barnes, T. R. E., Carpenter, W., Duckworth, K., Galderisi, S., Halpern, L., Knapp, M., Marder, S. R., et al. (2014) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu006 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Divergent trajectories of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial aging in schizophrenia
Jeste, D. V., Wolkowitz, O. M., & Palmer, B. W. (2011) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr026 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Keefe, R. S. E., Buchanan, R. W., Marder, S. R., Schooler, N. R., Dugar, A., Zivkov, M., & Stewart, M. (2013) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr153 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Lee, R. S. C., Hermens, D. F., Naismith, S. L., Lagopoulos, J., Jones, A., Scott, J., Chitty, K. M., White, D., Robillard, R., Scott, E. M., et al. (2015) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2015.50 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Dodell-Feder, D., Tully, L. M., Lincoln, S. H., & Hooker, C. I. (2014) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.11.006 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Psychological Treatments: An Update and a Way Forward
Barlow, D. H., Bullis, J. R., Comer, J. S., & Ametaj, A. A. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185629 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Porter, R. J., Bowie, C. R., Jordan, J., & Malhi, G. S. (2013) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867413502090 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Neuroimaging for psychotherapy research: current trends.
Weingarten, C. P., & Strauman, T. J. (2015) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2014.883088 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“Long-term treatments included 15 months of psychodynamic therapy of depression (Buchheim et al., 2012), 2 years of cognitive enhancement therapy of schizophrenia (Eack et al., 2010), and 6 years of treatment of autism (Pardini et al., 2012).”
BackgroundFisher, M., Loewy, R., Hardy, K., Schlosser, D., & Vinogradov, S. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143134 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Falkai, P., Malchow, B., Wobrock, T., Gruber, O., Schmitt, A., Honer, W. G., Pajonk, F.-G., Sun, F., & Cannon, T. D. (2013) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-012-0383-y · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Eack, S. M., Newhill, C. E., & Keshavan, M. S. (2016) · Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · doi:10.1086/686538 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationBarr, A. M., Wu, C. H., Wong, C., Hercher, C., Töpfer, E., Boyda, H. N., Procyshyn, R. M., Honer, W. G., & Beasley, C. L. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.010 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
- Authors
- Eack, S. M., Hogarty, G. E., Cho, R. Y., Prasad, K. M. R., Greenwald, D. P., Hogarty, S. S., & Keshavan, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2010-07-01
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 674
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3741671
- OpenAlex
- W2094767250
- Cited by
- 360
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 25.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (KL2TR000146)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 79537, MH-60902, R01MH060902, K23MH072995, F31MH079537)
- National Center for Research Resources (KL2RR024154)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- cognitive enhancement therapy, early schizophrenia, gray matter loss, cognitive rehabilitation, neuroprotection, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, amygdala, brain structure, social cognitive training, illness management, cognitive impairment, schizoaffective disorder, voxel-based morphometry
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amygdala, Atrophy, Cognition Disorders, Female, Frontal Lobe, Hippocampus, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychotherapy, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Support, Temporal Lobe, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Parahippocampal Gyrus
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
