The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels in Overweight and Obese Adults
Abstract
CONTEXT: Human adipose tissue expresses and releases the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6, potentially inducing low-grade systemic inflammation in persons with excess body fat. OBJECTIVE: To test whether overweight and obesity are associated with low-grade systemic inflammation as measured by serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level. DESIGN AND SETTING: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, representative of the US population from 1988 to 1994. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 16616 men and nonpregnant women aged 17 years or older. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Elevated CRP level of 0.22 mg/dL or more and a more stringent clinically raised CRP level of more than 1.00 mg/dL. RESULTS: Elevated CRP levels and clinically raised CRP levels were present in 27.6% and 6.7% of the population, respectively. Both overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI, > or =30 kg/m2) persons were more likely to have elevated CRP levels than their normal-weight counterparts (BMI, <25 kg/m2). After adjustment for potential confounders, including smoking and health status, the odds ratio (OR) for elevated CRP was 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56-2.91) for obese men and 6.21 (95% CI, 4.94-7.81) for obese women. In addition, BMI was associated with clinically raised CRP levels in women, with an OR of 4.76 (95% CI, 3.42-6.61) for obese women. Waist-to-hip ratio was positively associated with both elevated and clinically raised CRP levels, independent of BMI. Restricting the analyses to young adults (aged 17-39 years) and excluding smokers, persons with inflammatory disease, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes mellitus and estrogen users did not change the main findings. CONCLUSION: Higher BMI is associated with higher CRP concentrations, even among young adults aged 17 to 39 years. These findings suggest a state of low-grade systemic inflammation in overweight and obese persons.
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“Organised leisure-time exercise (assessed by a questionnaire) in children has shown negative correlations with serum IL-6 concentrations, independently of adiposity and fat localisation (256) , and in 10-year-old children, a borderline significant negative association was observed between CRP and self-reported physical activity, independently of ponderal index (47) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [256]
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“Obese patients may have more LV diastolic dysfunction, increased sympathetic activity and inflammation, and increased fatty infiltration of the atria.”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [295]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Visser, M.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Visser, Marjolein
- ORCID
- Visser, Marjolein
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1999-12-08
- Volume
- 282
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 2131
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W2130766522
- Cited by
- 2,494
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 60 · 2025: 87 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 100 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 96 · 2017: 78 · 2016: 101 · 2015: 107 · 2014: 100 · 2013: 134 · 2012: 100
- FWCI
- 35.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- C-reactive protein, obesity, overweight, low-grade inflammation, interleukin-6, adipose tissue, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, sex differences, young adults, chronic inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Diabetes Complications
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