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Cited by 2,494Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesObesity, Physical Activity, DietCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels in Overweight and Obese Adults

Visser, Marjolein·1999·JAMA
DOI 10.1001/jama.282.22.2131
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Abstract

CONTEXT: Human adipose tissue expresses and releases the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6, potentially inducing low-grade systemic inflammation in persons with excess body fat. OBJECTIVE: To test whether overweight and obesity are associated with low-grade systemic inflammation as measured by serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level. DESIGN AND SETTING: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, representative of the US population from 1988 to 1994. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 16616 men and nonpregnant women aged 17 years or older. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Elevated CRP level of 0.22 mg/dL or more and a more stringent clinically raised CRP level of more than 1.00 mg/dL. RESULTS: Elevated CRP levels and clinically raised CRP levels were present in 27.6% and 6.7% of the population, respectively. Both overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI, > or =30 kg/m2) persons were more likely to have elevated CRP levels than their normal-weight counterparts (BMI, <25 kg/m2). After adjustment for potential confounders, including smoking and health status, the odds ratio (OR) for elevated CRP was 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56-2.91) for obese men and 6.21 (95% CI, 4.94-7.81) for obese women. In addition, BMI was associated with clinically raised CRP levels in women, with an OR of 4.76 (95% CI, 3.42-6.61) for obese women. Waist-to-hip ratio was positively associated with both elevated and clinically raised CRP levels, independent of BMI. Restricting the analyses to young adults (aged 17-39 years) and excluding smokers, persons with inflammatory disease, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes mellitus and estrogen users did not change the main findings. CONCLUSION: Higher BMI is associated with higher CRP concentrations, even among young adults aged 17 to 39 years. These findings suggest a state of low-grade systemic inflammation in overweight and obese persons.

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Metadata

Authors
Visser, M.
Affiliations
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author
Visser, Marjolein
ORCID
Visser, Marjolein
Venue
JAMA
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
1999-12-08
Volume
282
Issue
22
Pages
2131
ISSN
  • 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
  • 0098-7484
DOI
10.1001/jama.282.22.2131
OpenAlex
W2130766522
Cited by
2,494
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 60 · 2025: 87 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 100 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 96 · 2017: 78 · 2016: 101 · 2015: 107 · 2014: 100 · 2013: 134 · 2012: 100
FWCI
35.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • JAMA (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords
C-reactive protein, obesity, overweight, low-grade inflammation, interleukin-6, adipose tissue, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, sex differences, young adults, chronic inflammation
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Diabetes Complications

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