Effects of lifestyle modifications on C-reactive protein: contribution of weight loss and improved aerobic capacity
Abstract
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We analyzed the effects of lifestyle modifications including exercise training on hs-CRP in 47 overweight and obese adults. Subjects were divided into a lifestyle modification group (n=23) (exercise and diet instruction) and a control group (n=24) who did not participate in any lifestyle modification. After 3 months, body weight (80.8+/-11.5 to 73.5+/-10.7 kg, P<.01), total cholesterol (217+/-38.4 to 178.0+/-25.6 mg/dL, P<.01), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (151.3+/-34.9 to 116.7+/-27.8 mg/dL, P<.01), Vo(2)peak (30.3+/-5.1 to 37.1+/-6.9 mL/[kg . min], P<.01), and log hs-CRP (0.75+/-0.4 to 0.56+/-0.3 mg/dL, P=.01) were significantly improved in the lifestyle modification group, but there was no significant improvement in the control group. Changes in log hs-CRP were associated with changes in Vo(2)peak (r=-0.41, P=.004) and changes in weight loss (r=0.42, P=.004). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, weight loss (P=.034) and improved Vo(2)peak (P=.039) were independent predictors of the changes in hs-CRP. When grouped into quartiles according to decreasing weight and increasing Vo(2)peak, levels of changes in log hs-CRP improved across quartiles of weight loss (P<.05) and improved Vo(2)peak (P<.01). Thus, lifestyle changes including regular exercise training in overweight and obese adults decreased hs-CRP, and this was associated with weight loss and improved Vo(2)peak.
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Exercise increases vagus nerve activity.
“Exercise reduces levels of TNF and other cytokines, confers protection against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, increases vagus nerve activity, and confers protection against the development of atherosclerosis (84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90).”
From Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway (2007) · cites this paper as [84]
Exercise confers protection against the development of atherosclerosis.
“Exercise reduces levels of TNF and other cytokines, confers protection against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, increases vagus nerve activity, and confers protection against the development of atherosclerosis (84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90).”
From Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway (2007) · cites this paper as [84]
Exercise confers protection against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
“Exercise reduces levels of TNF and other cytokines, confers protection against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, increases vagus nerve activity, and confers protection against the development of atherosclerosis (84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90).”
From Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway (2007) · cites this paper as [84]
Exercise reduces levels of TNF and other cytokines.
“Exercise reduces levels of TNF and other cytokines, confers protection against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, increases vagus nerve activity, and confers protection against the development of atherosclerosis (84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90).”
From Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway (2007) · cites this paper as [84]
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Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway
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- Authors
- Jae, S. Y., Fernhall, B., Heffernan, K. S., Jeong, M., Chun, E. M., Sung, J., Lee, S. H., Lim, Y. J., & Park, W. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of Virginia (US)
- Ewha Womans University (KR)
- Samsung Medical Center (KR)
- Dongguk University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Fernhall, Bo
- ORCID
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-06
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 825-831
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2099856235
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lifestyle modification, weight loss, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise training, obesity, overweight adults, cardiovascular risk, type 2 diabetes risk, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, diet instruction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous, C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Weight Loss, Risk Reduction Behavior
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